,Chapter 1; Basic Terms and Concepts of Mechanical Ventilation
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Test Bank
qy qy
MULTIPLE CHOICE qy
1. The body’s mechanism for conducting air in and out of the lungs
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy q
is known as which of the following?
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a. External respiration qy
b. Internal respiration qy
c. Spontaneous ventilation qy
d. Mechanical ventilation qy
ANS: C qy
The conduction of air in and out of the body is known as ventilat
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
ion. Since the question asks for the body’s mechanism, this woul
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
d be spontaneous ventilation. External respiration involves the e
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
xchange of oxygen (O2) and carbon dioxide (CO2) between the al
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
veoli and the pulmonary capillaries. Internal respiration occurs a
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
t the cellular level and involves movement of oxygen from the sy
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
stemic blood into the cells. qy qy qy qy
DIF: 1 REF: pg. 3 q y qy
2. Which of the following are involved in external respiration?
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
a. Red blood cells and body cells qy qy qy qy qy
b. Scalenes and trapezius qy qy
muscles
c. Alveoli and pulmonary qy qy
capillaries
d. External oblique and qy qy
transverse abdominal muscles q y q y
ANS: C qy
External respiration involves the exchange of oxygen and carbon
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
dioxide (CO2) between the alveoli and the pulmonary capillaries.
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy q
Internal respiration occurs at the cellular level and involves mov
y qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
ement of oxygen from the systemic blood into the cells.
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
Scalene and trapezius muscles are accessory muscles of inspirati
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
on. External oblique and transverse abdominal muscles are acces
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
sory muscles of expiration.
qy qy qy
, DIF: 1 REF: pg. 3 q y qy
3. The graph that shows intrapleural pressure changes during
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
normal spontaneous breathing is depicted by which of the f
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
ollowing?
a.
b.
c.
d.
ANS: B qy
During spontaneous breathing the intrapleural pressure drops fr
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
om about -5 cm H2O at end-expiration to about -
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
10 cm H2O at end-
qy qy qy qy
inspiration. The graph depicted for answer B shows that change
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
from -5 cm H2O to -10 cm H2O.
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
DIF: 1 REF: pg. 4 q y qy
4. During spontaneous inspiration alveolar pressure (PA) is about:
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
.
a. - 1 cm H2O qy qy qy
b. + 1 cm H2O qy qy qy
c. 0 cm H2O qy qy
d. 5 cm H2O qy qy
ANS: A qy
-
1 cm H2O is the lowest alveolar pressure will become during nor
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
mal spontaneous ventilation. During the exhalation of a normal s
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy q y qy
pontaneous breath the alveolar pressure will become +1 cm H2O.
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
DIF: 1 REF: pg. 3 q y qy
5. The pressure required to maintain alveolar inflation is known as
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
which of the following?
qy qy qy qy
a. Transairway pressure (PTA ) qy qy qy
b. Transthoracic pressure (PTT) qy qy
, c. Transrespiratory pressure (PTR) qy qy
d. Transpulmonary pressure (PL) qy qy
ANS: D qy
The definition of transpulmonary pressure (PL) is the pressure req
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
uired to maintain alveolar inflation. Transairway pressure (PTA ) is
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
the pressure gradient required to produce airflow in the conducti
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
ng tubes. Transrespiratory pressure (PTR) is the pressure to inflate
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy q
the lungs and airways during positive pressure ventilation. Transt
y qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
horacic pressure (PTT) represents the pressure required to expand
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
or contract the lungs and the chest wall at the same time.
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
DIF: 1 REF: pg. 3 q y qy
6. Calculate the pressure needed to overcome airway resistance dur
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
ing positive pressure ventilation when the proximal airway pressu
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
re (PAw) is 35 cm H2O and the alveolar pressure (PA) is 5 cm H2O.
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
a. 7 cm H2O qy qy
b. 30 cm H2O qy qy
c. 40 cm H2O qy qy
d. 175 cm H2O qy qy
ANS: B qy
The transairway pressure (PTA ) is used to calculate the pressure r
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
equired to overcome airway resistance during mechanical ventila
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
tion. This formula is PTA = Paw - PA.
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
DIF: 2 REF: pg. 3 q y qy
7. The term used to describe the tendency of a structure to return t
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
o its original form after being stretched or acted on by an outside
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
force is which of the following?
qy qy qy qy qy
a. Elastance
b. Compliance
c. Viscous resistance qy
d. Distending pressure qy
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
Test Bank
qy qy
MULTIPLE CHOICE qy
1. The body’s mechanism for conducting air in and out of the lungs
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy q
is known as which of the following?
y qy qy qy qy qy qy
a. External respiration qy
b. Internal respiration qy
c. Spontaneous ventilation qy
d. Mechanical ventilation qy
ANS: C qy
The conduction of air in and out of the body is known as ventilat
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
ion. Since the question asks for the body’s mechanism, this woul
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
d be spontaneous ventilation. External respiration involves the e
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
xchange of oxygen (O2) and carbon dioxide (CO2) between the al
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
veoli and the pulmonary capillaries. Internal respiration occurs a
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
t the cellular level and involves movement of oxygen from the sy
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
stemic blood into the cells. qy qy qy qy
DIF: 1 REF: pg. 3 q y qy
2. Which of the following are involved in external respiration?
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
a. Red blood cells and body cells qy qy qy qy qy
b. Scalenes and trapezius qy qy
muscles
c. Alveoli and pulmonary qy qy
capillaries
d. External oblique and qy qy
transverse abdominal muscles q y q y
ANS: C qy
External respiration involves the exchange of oxygen and carbon
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
dioxide (CO2) between the alveoli and the pulmonary capillaries.
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy q
Internal respiration occurs at the cellular level and involves mov
y qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
ement of oxygen from the systemic blood into the cells.
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
Scalene and trapezius muscles are accessory muscles of inspirati
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
on. External oblique and transverse abdominal muscles are acces
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
sory muscles of expiration.
qy qy qy
, DIF: 1 REF: pg. 3 q y qy
3. The graph that shows intrapleural pressure changes during
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
normal spontaneous breathing is depicted by which of the f
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
ollowing?
a.
b.
c.
d.
ANS: B qy
During spontaneous breathing the intrapleural pressure drops fr
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
om about -5 cm H2O at end-expiration to about -
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
10 cm H2O at end-
qy qy qy qy
inspiration. The graph depicted for answer B shows that change
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
from -5 cm H2O to -10 cm H2O.
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
DIF: 1 REF: pg. 4 q y qy
4. During spontaneous inspiration alveolar pressure (PA) is about:
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
.
a. - 1 cm H2O qy qy qy
b. + 1 cm H2O qy qy qy
c. 0 cm H2O qy qy
d. 5 cm H2O qy qy
ANS: A qy
-
1 cm H2O is the lowest alveolar pressure will become during nor
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
mal spontaneous ventilation. During the exhalation of a normal s
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy q y qy
pontaneous breath the alveolar pressure will become +1 cm H2O.
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
DIF: 1 REF: pg. 3 q y qy
5. The pressure required to maintain alveolar inflation is known as
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
which of the following?
qy qy qy qy
a. Transairway pressure (PTA ) qy qy qy
b. Transthoracic pressure (PTT) qy qy
, c. Transrespiratory pressure (PTR) qy qy
d. Transpulmonary pressure (PL) qy qy
ANS: D qy
The definition of transpulmonary pressure (PL) is the pressure req
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
uired to maintain alveolar inflation. Transairway pressure (PTA ) is
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
the pressure gradient required to produce airflow in the conducti
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
ng tubes. Transrespiratory pressure (PTR) is the pressure to inflate
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy q
the lungs and airways during positive pressure ventilation. Transt
y qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
horacic pressure (PTT) represents the pressure required to expand
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
or contract the lungs and the chest wall at the same time.
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
DIF: 1 REF: pg. 3 q y qy
6. Calculate the pressure needed to overcome airway resistance dur
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
ing positive pressure ventilation when the proximal airway pressu
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
re (PAw) is 35 cm H2O and the alveolar pressure (PA) is 5 cm H2O.
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
a. 7 cm H2O qy qy
b. 30 cm H2O qy qy
c. 40 cm H2O qy qy
d. 175 cm H2O qy qy
ANS: B qy
The transairway pressure (PTA ) is used to calculate the pressure r
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
equired to overcome airway resistance during mechanical ventila
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
tion. This formula is PTA = Paw - PA.
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
DIF: 2 REF: pg. 3 q y qy
7. The term used to describe the tendency of a structure to return t
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
o its original form after being stretched or acted on by an outside
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
force is which of the following?
qy qy qy qy qy
a. Elastance
b. Compliance
c. Viscous resistance qy
d. Distending pressure qy
