Test Bank For Pathophysiology 9th Edition McCance The Biologic
Basis for Disease in Adults and Children By Julia Rogers
TEST BANK
,Chapter t701: t7Cellular t7Biology
McCance/Huether: t7Pathophysiology: t7The t7Biologic t7Basis t7of t7Disease t7in t7Adults t7and t7Children, t79th t7Edition
MULTIPLE t7CHOICE
1. Which t7statement t7best t7describes t7the t7cellular t7function t7of t7metabolic t7absorption?
a. Cells t7can t7produce t7proteins.
b. Cells t7can t7secrete t7digestive t7enzymes.
c. Cells t7can t7take t7in t7and t7use t7nutrients.
d. Cells t7can t7synthesize t7fats.
ANS: t 7 C
In t7metabolic t7absorption, t7all t7cells t7take t7in t7and t7use t7nutrients t7and t7other t7substances t7from
t7their t7surroundings. t7The t7remaining t7options t7are t7not t7inclusive t7in t7their t7descriptions t7of
t7cellular t7metabolic t7absorption.
PTS: t7 t7 1 DIF: t 7 Cognitive t7Level: t7Remembering
2. Where t7is t7most t7of t7a t7cell’s t7genetic t7information, t7including t7RNA t7and t7DNA, t7contained?
a. Mitochondria
b. Ribosome
c. Nucleolus
d. Lysosome
ANS: t 7 C
The t7nucleus t7contains t7the t7nucleolus, t7a t7small t7dense t7structure t7composed t7largely t7of
t7RNA, t7most t7of t7the t7cellular t7DNA, t7and t7the t7DNA-binding t7proteins, t7such t7as t7the
t7histones, t7which t7regulate t7its t7activity. t7The t7mitochondria t7are t7responsible t7for t7cellular
t7respiration t7and t7energy t7production.
Ribosomes’ t7chief t7function t7is t7to t7provide t7sites t7for t7cellular t7protein t7synthesis.
t7Lysosomes t7function t7as t7the t7intracellular t7digestive t7system.
PTS: t7 t7 1 DIF: t 7 Cognitive t7Level: t7Remembering
3. Which t7component t7of t7the t7cell t7produces t7hydrogen t7peroxide t7(H2O2) t7byt7using t7oxygen t7to
remove t7hydrogen t7atoms t7from t7specific t7substrates t7in t7an t7oxidative t7reaction?
t7
a. Lysosomes
b. Peroxisomes
c. Ribosomes
d. Endosome
ANS: t 7 B
Peroxisomes t7are t7so t7named t7because t7they t7usually t7contain t7enzymes t7that t7use t7oxygen t7to
t7remove t7hydrogen t7atoms t7from t7specific t7substrates t7in t7an t7oxidative t7reaction t7that t7produces
t7H2O2, t7which t7is t7a t7powerful t7oxidant t7and t7potentially t7destructive t7if t7it t7accumulates t7or
t7escapes t7from t7peroxisomes. t7Ribosomes t7are t7RNA-protein t7complexes t7(nucleoproteins)
t7that t7are t7synthesized t7in t7the t7nucleolus t7and t7secreted t7into t7the t7cytoplasm t7through t7pores
t7in t7the t7nuclear t7envelope t7called t7nuclear t7pore t7complexes. t7Lysosomes t7are t7saclike
t7structures t7that t7originate t7from t7the t7Golgi t7complex t7and t7contain t7more t7than t740 t7digestive
t7enzymes t7called t7hydrolases, t7which t7catalyze t7bonds t7in t7proteins, t7lipids, t7nucleic t7acids,
t7and t7carbohydrates. t7An t7endosome t7is t7a t7vesical t7that t7has t7been t7pinched t7off t7from t7the
t7cellular t7membrane.
PTS: t7 t7 1 DIF: t 7 Cognitive t7Level: t7Remembering
4. Which t7cell t7component t7is t7capable t7of t7cellular t7autodigestion t7when t7it t7is t7released
during t7cell t7injury?
t7
, a. Ribosome
b. Golgi t7complex
c. Smooth t7endoplasmic t7reticulum
d. Lysosomes
ANS: t 7 D
The t7lysosomal t7membrane t7acts t7as t7a t7protective t7shield t7between t7the t7powerful t7digestive
t7enzymes t7within t7the t7lysosome t7and t7the t7cytoplasm, t7preventing t7their t7leakage t7into t7the
t7cytoplasmic t7matrix. t7Disruption t7of t7the t7membrane t7by t7various t7treatments t7or t7cellular
t7injury t7leads t7to t7a t7release t7of t7the t7lysosomal t7enzymes, t7which t7can t7then t7react t7with t7their
t7specific t7substrates, t7causing t7cellular
self-digestion. t7The t7chief t7function t7of t7a t7ribosome t7is t7to t7provide t7sites t7for t7cellular
t7protein t7synthesis. t7The t7Golgi t7complex t7is t7a t7network t7of t7flattened, t7smooth t7vesicles t7and
t7membranes t7often t7located t7near t7the t7cell t7nucleus. t7The t7smooth t7endoplasmic t7reticulum t7is
t7involved t7in t7steroid t7hormone t7production t7and t7removing t7toxic t7substances t7from t7the t7cell.
PTS: t7 t7 1 DIF: t 7 Cognitive t7Level: t7Remembering
5. Which t7cAMP-mediated t7response t7is t7related t7to t7antidiuretic t7hormone?
a. Increased t7heart t7rate t7and t7force t7of t7contraction
b. Secretion t7of t7cortisol
c. Increased t7retention t7of t7water
d. Breakdown t7of t7fat
ANS: t 7 C
Antidiuretic t7hormone t7leads t7to t7increased t7retention t7of t7water t7in t7the t7body. t7Epinephrine
t7causes t7increases t7in t7heart t7rate t7and t7force t7of t7contraction. t7Increased t7cortisol t7secretion t7is
t7due t7to t7ACTH. t7Breakdown t7of t7fat t7is t7due t7to t7glucagon.
PTS: t7 t7 1 DIF: t 7 Cognitive t7Level: t7Remembering
6. During t7which t7phase t7of t7the t7cell t7cycle t7is t7DNA t7synthesized?
a. G1
b. S
c. G2
d. M
ANS: t 7 B
The t7four t7designated t7phases t7of t7the t7cell t7cycle t7are: t7(1) t7the t7G1 t7phase t7(G t7= t7gap), t7which
t7is t7the t7period t7between t7the t7M t7phase t7(M t7= t7mitosis) t7and t7the t7start t7of t7DNA t7synthesis; t7(2)
t7the t7S t7phase t7(S
= t7synthesis), t7during t7which t7DNA t7is t7synthesized t7in t7the t7cell t7nucleus; t7(3) t7the t7G2 t 7 phase,
t7during t7which t7RNA t7and t7protein t7synthesis t7occurs, t7the t7period t7between t7the t7completion
t7of t7DNA t7synthesis t7and t7the t7next t7phase t7(M); t7and t7(4) t7the t7M t7phase, t7which t7includes
t7nuclear t7and t7cytoplasmic t7division.
PTS: t7 t7 1 DIF: Cognitive t7Level: t7Remembering
7. What t7organic t7compound t7facilitates t7transportation t7across t7cell t7membranes t7by
acting t7as t7receptors, t7transport t7channels t7for t7electrolytes, t7and t7enzymes t7to t7drive
t7
t7active t7pumps?
a. Lipids
b. Proteases
c. Proteins
d. Carbohydrates
ANS: t 7 C
Proteins t7have t7several t7functions, t7including t7acting t7as t7receptors, t7transport t7channels t7for
t7electrolytes, t7and t7enzymes t7to t7drive t7active t7pumps t7Lipids t7help t7act t7as t7the t7“glue”
, t7holding t7cell t7membranes t7together. t7Proteases t7cause t7the t7breakdown t7of t7protein.
t7Carbohydrates t7are t7involved t7in t7cellular t7protection t7and t7lubrication t7and t7help t7produce
t7energy t7via t7oxidative t7phosphorylation.
Basis for Disease in Adults and Children By Julia Rogers
TEST BANK
,Chapter t701: t7Cellular t7Biology
McCance/Huether: t7Pathophysiology: t7The t7Biologic t7Basis t7of t7Disease t7in t7Adults t7and t7Children, t79th t7Edition
MULTIPLE t7CHOICE
1. Which t7statement t7best t7describes t7the t7cellular t7function t7of t7metabolic t7absorption?
a. Cells t7can t7produce t7proteins.
b. Cells t7can t7secrete t7digestive t7enzymes.
c. Cells t7can t7take t7in t7and t7use t7nutrients.
d. Cells t7can t7synthesize t7fats.
ANS: t 7 C
In t7metabolic t7absorption, t7all t7cells t7take t7in t7and t7use t7nutrients t7and t7other t7substances t7from
t7their t7surroundings. t7The t7remaining t7options t7are t7not t7inclusive t7in t7their t7descriptions t7of
t7cellular t7metabolic t7absorption.
PTS: t7 t7 1 DIF: t 7 Cognitive t7Level: t7Remembering
2. Where t7is t7most t7of t7a t7cell’s t7genetic t7information, t7including t7RNA t7and t7DNA, t7contained?
a. Mitochondria
b. Ribosome
c. Nucleolus
d. Lysosome
ANS: t 7 C
The t7nucleus t7contains t7the t7nucleolus, t7a t7small t7dense t7structure t7composed t7largely t7of
t7RNA, t7most t7of t7the t7cellular t7DNA, t7and t7the t7DNA-binding t7proteins, t7such t7as t7the
t7histones, t7which t7regulate t7its t7activity. t7The t7mitochondria t7are t7responsible t7for t7cellular
t7respiration t7and t7energy t7production.
Ribosomes’ t7chief t7function t7is t7to t7provide t7sites t7for t7cellular t7protein t7synthesis.
t7Lysosomes t7function t7as t7the t7intracellular t7digestive t7system.
PTS: t7 t7 1 DIF: t 7 Cognitive t7Level: t7Remembering
3. Which t7component t7of t7the t7cell t7produces t7hydrogen t7peroxide t7(H2O2) t7byt7using t7oxygen t7to
remove t7hydrogen t7atoms t7from t7specific t7substrates t7in t7an t7oxidative t7reaction?
t7
a. Lysosomes
b. Peroxisomes
c. Ribosomes
d. Endosome
ANS: t 7 B
Peroxisomes t7are t7so t7named t7because t7they t7usually t7contain t7enzymes t7that t7use t7oxygen t7to
t7remove t7hydrogen t7atoms t7from t7specific t7substrates t7in t7an t7oxidative t7reaction t7that t7produces
t7H2O2, t7which t7is t7a t7powerful t7oxidant t7and t7potentially t7destructive t7if t7it t7accumulates t7or
t7escapes t7from t7peroxisomes. t7Ribosomes t7are t7RNA-protein t7complexes t7(nucleoproteins)
t7that t7are t7synthesized t7in t7the t7nucleolus t7and t7secreted t7into t7the t7cytoplasm t7through t7pores
t7in t7the t7nuclear t7envelope t7called t7nuclear t7pore t7complexes. t7Lysosomes t7are t7saclike
t7structures t7that t7originate t7from t7the t7Golgi t7complex t7and t7contain t7more t7than t740 t7digestive
t7enzymes t7called t7hydrolases, t7which t7catalyze t7bonds t7in t7proteins, t7lipids, t7nucleic t7acids,
t7and t7carbohydrates. t7An t7endosome t7is t7a t7vesical t7that t7has t7been t7pinched t7off t7from t7the
t7cellular t7membrane.
PTS: t7 t7 1 DIF: t 7 Cognitive t7Level: t7Remembering
4. Which t7cell t7component t7is t7capable t7of t7cellular t7autodigestion t7when t7it t7is t7released
during t7cell t7injury?
t7
, a. Ribosome
b. Golgi t7complex
c. Smooth t7endoplasmic t7reticulum
d. Lysosomes
ANS: t 7 D
The t7lysosomal t7membrane t7acts t7as t7a t7protective t7shield t7between t7the t7powerful t7digestive
t7enzymes t7within t7the t7lysosome t7and t7the t7cytoplasm, t7preventing t7their t7leakage t7into t7the
t7cytoplasmic t7matrix. t7Disruption t7of t7the t7membrane t7by t7various t7treatments t7or t7cellular
t7injury t7leads t7to t7a t7release t7of t7the t7lysosomal t7enzymes, t7which t7can t7then t7react t7with t7their
t7specific t7substrates, t7causing t7cellular
self-digestion. t7The t7chief t7function t7of t7a t7ribosome t7is t7to t7provide t7sites t7for t7cellular
t7protein t7synthesis. t7The t7Golgi t7complex t7is t7a t7network t7of t7flattened, t7smooth t7vesicles t7and
t7membranes t7often t7located t7near t7the t7cell t7nucleus. t7The t7smooth t7endoplasmic t7reticulum t7is
t7involved t7in t7steroid t7hormone t7production t7and t7removing t7toxic t7substances t7from t7the t7cell.
PTS: t7 t7 1 DIF: t 7 Cognitive t7Level: t7Remembering
5. Which t7cAMP-mediated t7response t7is t7related t7to t7antidiuretic t7hormone?
a. Increased t7heart t7rate t7and t7force t7of t7contraction
b. Secretion t7of t7cortisol
c. Increased t7retention t7of t7water
d. Breakdown t7of t7fat
ANS: t 7 C
Antidiuretic t7hormone t7leads t7to t7increased t7retention t7of t7water t7in t7the t7body. t7Epinephrine
t7causes t7increases t7in t7heart t7rate t7and t7force t7of t7contraction. t7Increased t7cortisol t7secretion t7is
t7due t7to t7ACTH. t7Breakdown t7of t7fat t7is t7due t7to t7glucagon.
PTS: t7 t7 1 DIF: t 7 Cognitive t7Level: t7Remembering
6. During t7which t7phase t7of t7the t7cell t7cycle t7is t7DNA t7synthesized?
a. G1
b. S
c. G2
d. M
ANS: t 7 B
The t7four t7designated t7phases t7of t7the t7cell t7cycle t7are: t7(1) t7the t7G1 t7phase t7(G t7= t7gap), t7which
t7is t7the t7period t7between t7the t7M t7phase t7(M t7= t7mitosis) t7and t7the t7start t7of t7DNA t7synthesis; t7(2)
t7the t7S t7phase t7(S
= t7synthesis), t7during t7which t7DNA t7is t7synthesized t7in t7the t7cell t7nucleus; t7(3) t7the t7G2 t 7 phase,
t7during t7which t7RNA t7and t7protein t7synthesis t7occurs, t7the t7period t7between t7the t7completion
t7of t7DNA t7synthesis t7and t7the t7next t7phase t7(M); t7and t7(4) t7the t7M t7phase, t7which t7includes
t7nuclear t7and t7cytoplasmic t7division.
PTS: t7 t7 1 DIF: Cognitive t7Level: t7Remembering
7. What t7organic t7compound t7facilitates t7transportation t7across t7cell t7membranes t7by
acting t7as t7receptors, t7transport t7channels t7for t7electrolytes, t7and t7enzymes t7to t7drive
t7
t7active t7pumps?
a. Lipids
b. Proteases
c. Proteins
d. Carbohydrates
ANS: t 7 C
Proteins t7have t7several t7functions, t7including t7acting t7as t7receptors, t7transport t7channels t7for
t7electrolytes, t7and t7enzymes t7to t7drive t7active t7pumps t7Lipids t7help t7act t7as t7the t7“glue”
, t7holding t7cell t7membranes t7together. t7Proteases t7cause t7the t7breakdown t7of t7protein.
t7Carbohydrates t7are t7involved t7in t7cellular t7protection t7and t7lubrication t7and t7help t7produce
t7energy t7via t7oxidative t7phosphorylation.
