ATI FUNDAMENTALS PROCTORED EXAM | 100
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS | LATEST 2024 /
2025
Course
ATI FUNDAMENTALS
1. A nurse is reinforcing teaching about hand hygiene. Which statement indicates the client
understands the teaching?
A. “I will wash my hands for at least 10 seconds.”
B. “I will use hot water when washing my hands.”
C. “I will rub my hands together until they feel dry when using sanitizer.” ✅
D. “I only need to wash my hands if they look dirty.”
Rationale: Alcohol-based sanitizer requires rubbing until dry. Minimum handwashing is 20
seconds, not 10.
2. A nurse is caring for a client who has restraints. Which action is appropriate?
A. Tie the restraint to the bed rails.
B. Remove the restraints every 2 hours. ✅
C. Apply restraints without a provider’s order.
D. Keep the restraint knots tight and secure.
Rationale: Restraints should be removed every 2 hours to assess circulation and allow mobility.
3. A nurse is preparing to administer ear drops to an adult. Which technique should the
nurse use?
A. Pull the pinna down and back.
B. Pull the pinna up and back. ✅
C. Warm the solution by placing it in hot water.
D. Instill drops directly onto the eardrum.
Rationale: For adults, pull auricle up and back; for children under 3, down and back.
4. A nurse is reinforcing teaching about using crutches. Which statement shows correct
understanding?
A. “I will place my weight on my axillae when walking.”
B. “I will keep my elbows slightly flexed when holding the crutches.” ✅
C. “I will place the crutches 2 feet in front of me when walking.”
D. “I will rest on my crutches when standing still.”
Rationale: Weight should be on hands, elbows slightly flexed; avoid axilla pressure to prevent
nerve damage.
,5. Which task is appropriate for the nurse to delegate to an unlicensed assistive personnel
(UAP)?
A. Teaching a client how to self-administer insulin.
B. Feeding a client who has stable dysphagia. ✅
C. Assessing a client’s bowel sounds.
D. Explaining a low-sodium diet to a client.
Rationale: UAP can assist with feeding once safety is established; assessment and teaching are
the nurse’s role.
6. A nurse is providing oral care to an unconscious client. Which action should the nurse
take?
A. Place the client in a supine position.
B. Use a padded tongue blade to open the mouth. ✅
C. Rinse the client’s mouth using a syringe of water.
D. Avoid turning the client to the side.
Rationale: Side-lying position prevents aspiration; padded tongue blade protects teeth and nurse.
7. A nurse is reinforcing teaching about proper use of a cane. Which statement shows
understanding?
A. “I will hold the cane on my weak side.”
B. “I will advance the cane and weak leg at the same time.” ✅
C. “I will move my strong leg first when walking with a cane.”
D. “I will keep the cane at my waist level.”
Rationale: Cane goes on the strong side, advance cane and weak leg together, then strong leg
follows.
8. A nurse is reviewing fire safety (RACE). Which action should the nurse take first?
A. Contain the fire.
B. Rescue the client. ✅
C. Extinguish the fire.
D. Activate the alarm.
Rationale: RACE = Rescue, Alarm, Contain, Extinguish. Priority is client safety (rescue first).
9. A nurse is preparing to insert a urinary catheter. Which action should the nurse take
first after opening the sterile kit?
A. Put on sterile gloves. ✅
, B. Position the sterile drape.
C. Clean the urinary meatus.
D. Lubricate the catheter tip.
Rationale: Sterile gloves must be donned immediately after opening kit to maintain sterility.
10. A nurse is caring for a client with Clostridium difficile. Which PPE is required?
A. Gown and gloves ✅
B. Mask only
C. Gloves only
D. N95 respirator
Rationale: C. diff requires contact precautions: gown and gloves; alcohol sanitizer is ineffective,
handwashing required.
11. A nurse is reinforcing teaching about incentive spirometry. Which instruction should
the nurse include?
A. “Exhale forcefully into the device.”
B. “Inhale slowly and deeply through the mouthpiece.” ✅
C. “Use the device once daily.”
D. “Cough before each use.”
Rationale: The goal is to encourage deep inspiration; use every 1–2 hours while awake.
12. Which client should the nurse identify as being at highest risk for developing pressure
injuries?
A. A client who ambulates with a cane
B. A client on bed rest with an albumin of 2.5 g/dL ✅
C. A client who walks daily
D. A client with a BMI of 22
Rationale: Immobility + poor nutrition (low albumin) greatly increase pressure injury risk.
13. A nurse is preparing to measure a client’s blood pressure. Which action ensures
accuracy?
A. Place the cuff loosely on the arm
B. Ensure the cuff width is 40% of the arm circumference ✅
C. Inflate the cuff 20 mmHg below the last reading
D. Keep the client’s arm above heart level
Rationale: Correct cuff size = 40% arm circumference; arm should be at heart level.
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS | LATEST 2024 /
2025
Course
ATI FUNDAMENTALS
1. A nurse is reinforcing teaching about hand hygiene. Which statement indicates the client
understands the teaching?
A. “I will wash my hands for at least 10 seconds.”
B. “I will use hot water when washing my hands.”
C. “I will rub my hands together until they feel dry when using sanitizer.” ✅
D. “I only need to wash my hands if they look dirty.”
Rationale: Alcohol-based sanitizer requires rubbing until dry. Minimum handwashing is 20
seconds, not 10.
2. A nurse is caring for a client who has restraints. Which action is appropriate?
A. Tie the restraint to the bed rails.
B. Remove the restraints every 2 hours. ✅
C. Apply restraints without a provider’s order.
D. Keep the restraint knots tight and secure.
Rationale: Restraints should be removed every 2 hours to assess circulation and allow mobility.
3. A nurse is preparing to administer ear drops to an adult. Which technique should the
nurse use?
A. Pull the pinna down and back.
B. Pull the pinna up and back. ✅
C. Warm the solution by placing it in hot water.
D. Instill drops directly onto the eardrum.
Rationale: For adults, pull auricle up and back; for children under 3, down and back.
4. A nurse is reinforcing teaching about using crutches. Which statement shows correct
understanding?
A. “I will place my weight on my axillae when walking.”
B. “I will keep my elbows slightly flexed when holding the crutches.” ✅
C. “I will place the crutches 2 feet in front of me when walking.”
D. “I will rest on my crutches when standing still.”
Rationale: Weight should be on hands, elbows slightly flexed; avoid axilla pressure to prevent
nerve damage.
,5. Which task is appropriate for the nurse to delegate to an unlicensed assistive personnel
(UAP)?
A. Teaching a client how to self-administer insulin.
B. Feeding a client who has stable dysphagia. ✅
C. Assessing a client’s bowel sounds.
D. Explaining a low-sodium diet to a client.
Rationale: UAP can assist with feeding once safety is established; assessment and teaching are
the nurse’s role.
6. A nurse is providing oral care to an unconscious client. Which action should the nurse
take?
A. Place the client in a supine position.
B. Use a padded tongue blade to open the mouth. ✅
C. Rinse the client’s mouth using a syringe of water.
D. Avoid turning the client to the side.
Rationale: Side-lying position prevents aspiration; padded tongue blade protects teeth and nurse.
7. A nurse is reinforcing teaching about proper use of a cane. Which statement shows
understanding?
A. “I will hold the cane on my weak side.”
B. “I will advance the cane and weak leg at the same time.” ✅
C. “I will move my strong leg first when walking with a cane.”
D. “I will keep the cane at my waist level.”
Rationale: Cane goes on the strong side, advance cane and weak leg together, then strong leg
follows.
8. A nurse is reviewing fire safety (RACE). Which action should the nurse take first?
A. Contain the fire.
B. Rescue the client. ✅
C. Extinguish the fire.
D. Activate the alarm.
Rationale: RACE = Rescue, Alarm, Contain, Extinguish. Priority is client safety (rescue first).
9. A nurse is preparing to insert a urinary catheter. Which action should the nurse take
first after opening the sterile kit?
A. Put on sterile gloves. ✅
, B. Position the sterile drape.
C. Clean the urinary meatus.
D. Lubricate the catheter tip.
Rationale: Sterile gloves must be donned immediately after opening kit to maintain sterility.
10. A nurse is caring for a client with Clostridium difficile. Which PPE is required?
A. Gown and gloves ✅
B. Mask only
C. Gloves only
D. N95 respirator
Rationale: C. diff requires contact precautions: gown and gloves; alcohol sanitizer is ineffective,
handwashing required.
11. A nurse is reinforcing teaching about incentive spirometry. Which instruction should
the nurse include?
A. “Exhale forcefully into the device.”
B. “Inhale slowly and deeply through the mouthpiece.” ✅
C. “Use the device once daily.”
D. “Cough before each use.”
Rationale: The goal is to encourage deep inspiration; use every 1–2 hours while awake.
12. Which client should the nurse identify as being at highest risk for developing pressure
injuries?
A. A client who ambulates with a cane
B. A client on bed rest with an albumin of 2.5 g/dL ✅
C. A client who walks daily
D. A client with a BMI of 22
Rationale: Immobility + poor nutrition (low albumin) greatly increase pressure injury risk.
13. A nurse is preparing to measure a client’s blood pressure. Which action ensures
accuracy?
A. Place the cuff loosely on the arm
B. Ensure the cuff width is 40% of the arm circumference ✅
C. Inflate the cuff 20 mmHg below the last reading
D. Keep the client’s arm above heart level
Rationale: Correct cuff size = 40% arm circumference; arm should be at heart level.
