Exam Questions and Answers | A+ Score
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Neurogenic Diabetes Insipidus - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Swelling commonly seen
after traumatic brain injury (TBI) can lead to dangerous increases in
intracranial pressure. This increase can push on the pituitary leading to
decreased ADH secretion = polyuria.
Parasympathetic Nervous System - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Mediated by
acetylcholine; controls rest and digest; conserves energy and the body's
resources; controls everyday metabolism
Sympathetic Nervous System - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Mediated by
catecholamines (epi and norepi); prepares the body for fight or flight;
mobilizes energy stores --> releases insulin; redistributes blood flow -
increased to muscles, decreased to GI/integumentary
, Focal brain injury - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Specific lesions that are observable on
imaging; epidural or subdural hemorrhage
Diffuse brain injury - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Injuries involving widespread areas of
the brain; may be difficult to detect and define because damage is often
microscopic; hypoxia is the number 1 cause; other causes include
meningitis or encephalitis
Autonomic Dysreflexia (below the lesion) - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Faulty control of
sweating because the hypothalmus is unable to regulate body heat due to
SNS damage; pale, cool skin
Autonomic Dysreflexia (general) - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔A complication occurring
in a person who has a spinal cord injury above T6
Autonomic Dysreflexia (above the lesion) - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Paroxysmal
hypertension (up to 300 mmHg systolic), piloerection, and sweating with
flushing of the skin; headache, bradycardia
Delirium - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Acute onset, short duration; often associated
with UTI, resolves with treatment; attention and orientation are impaired;
patient can be agitated, disorganized, and have hallucinations