NU 327 Patho Basis of Nursing
NU 327 EXAM 1 LATEST 2025/2026 EXAM CONTENT
100% VERIFIED UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH ALABAMA
GRADED A @QUESTION AND ANSWER
How do cells make energy?
Metabolism
two types of metabolism
aerobic and anaerobic metabolism
happens INSIDE of the mitochondria; requires oxygen
aerobic metabolism
happens OUTSIDE of the mitochondria; also called glycolysis
anaerobic metabolism
What three things does the Glasgow coma scale assess?
Eye, verbal, motor
What is the lowest score on the Glasgow scale?
3
What is the highest score on the Glasgow scale?
15
,NU 327 Patho Basis of Nursing
What happens during dehydration?
The intracellular water shifts into the extracellular space to maintain the extracellular fluid
volume. As water moves out of the cells they shrink.
What is seen in the patient with dehydration?
headaches or possibly seizures
Normal serum potassium level
3.5-5.0 mEq/L
increased H (acidosis) =
increased K in the serum
decreased H (alkalosis) =
decreased K in the serum
Which populations are at risk for fluid imbalances?
elderly, obese, infants/children
generalized edema; can be a sign of multiple organ failure
Anasarca
edema seen in lower extremities; pitting edema seen in advanced issues
Cardiac Edema
, NU 327 Patho Basis of Nursing
edema seen in left heart failure; fluid accumulates in the alveoli
Pulmonary Edema
result of anaerobic metabolism
2 ATP
result of aerobic metabolism
34 ATP
What happens when there is energy failure?
The sodium-potassium pump will not function at all
intracellular ion
Potassium
extracellular ion
Sodium
1st Step of the Sodium Potassium Pump
The sodium-potassium pump binds three sodium ions and a molecule of ATP.
2nd Step of the Sodium Potassium Pump
The spitting of ATP provides energy to change the shape of the channel. The sodium ions are
driven through the channel.
3rd Step of the Sodium Potassium Pump
NU 327 EXAM 1 LATEST 2025/2026 EXAM CONTENT
100% VERIFIED UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH ALABAMA
GRADED A @QUESTION AND ANSWER
How do cells make energy?
Metabolism
two types of metabolism
aerobic and anaerobic metabolism
happens INSIDE of the mitochondria; requires oxygen
aerobic metabolism
happens OUTSIDE of the mitochondria; also called glycolysis
anaerobic metabolism
What three things does the Glasgow coma scale assess?
Eye, verbal, motor
What is the lowest score on the Glasgow scale?
3
What is the highest score on the Glasgow scale?
15
,NU 327 Patho Basis of Nursing
What happens during dehydration?
The intracellular water shifts into the extracellular space to maintain the extracellular fluid
volume. As water moves out of the cells they shrink.
What is seen in the patient with dehydration?
headaches or possibly seizures
Normal serum potassium level
3.5-5.0 mEq/L
increased H (acidosis) =
increased K in the serum
decreased H (alkalosis) =
decreased K in the serum
Which populations are at risk for fluid imbalances?
elderly, obese, infants/children
generalized edema; can be a sign of multiple organ failure
Anasarca
edema seen in lower extremities; pitting edema seen in advanced issues
Cardiac Edema
, NU 327 Patho Basis of Nursing
edema seen in left heart failure; fluid accumulates in the alveoli
Pulmonary Edema
result of anaerobic metabolism
2 ATP
result of aerobic metabolism
34 ATP
What happens when there is energy failure?
The sodium-potassium pump will not function at all
intracellular ion
Potassium
extracellular ion
Sodium
1st Step of the Sodium Potassium Pump
The sodium-potassium pump binds three sodium ions and a molecule of ATP.
2nd Step of the Sodium Potassium Pump
The spitting of ATP provides energy to change the shape of the channel. The sodium ions are
driven through the channel.
3rd Step of the Sodium Potassium Pump
