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Exam (elaborations)

PC 707 – 100 Exam Questions on CNS Disorders, Seizures, Migraines & Psychopharmacology

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This document provides 100 well-structured, exam-focused questions and answers for PC 707 – Clinical Pharmacology, specifically covering central nervous system (CNS) pharmacology. It dives deep into the therapeutic management of epilepsy, depression, anxiety disorders, insomnia, ADHD, migraines, Parkinson’s disease, and associated pharmacologic treatments. Each question reinforces key clinical concepts through real-world patient scenarios, with explanations of mechanisms of action, side effects, drug interactions, safety considerations, and prescribing best practices. Major drug classes covered include SSRIs, SNRIs, TCAs, MAOIs, benzodiazepines, non-benzodiazepine sleep aids, antiepileptics (AEDs), triptans, stimulants, antipsychotics, and dopaminergic agents. Special attention is given to pediatric, geriatric, and perinatal considerations, black box warnings, risk of serotonin syndrome, titration and tapering practices, and monitoring parameters (e.g., for lithium and valproate). The document also incorporates principles of psychiatric medication selection, patient education, and non-pharmacologic adjuncts for mental health and neurologic disorders. Suitable for: Nurse Practitioner students in PC 707 or related advanced pharmacology courses Students in DNP, MSN, PA, or MD programs focused on family, psychiatric, or neurology tracks Candidates preparing for certification exams (AANP, ANCC, PANCE) or pharmacology OSCEs Healthcare students specializing in mental health, neurology, or primary care prescribing Keywords: CNS pharmacology, SSRIs, SNRIs, TCAs, MAOIs, benzodiazepines, antiepileptics, seizure medications, insomnia treatment, ADHD stimulants, triptans, migraines, lithium monitoring, valproate levels, antipsychotics, serotonin syndrome, black box warnings, Parkinson’s medications, dopaminergic drugs, pediatric psychopharmacology, geriatric prescribing, tapering antidepressants, psych meds in pregnancy, pharmacology exam review

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PC707
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Uploaded on
September 26, 2025
Number of pages
77
Written in
2025/2026
Type
Exam (elaborations)
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PC707 CNS 2025/2026 Exam Questions
with Detailed Verified Answers (100%
Correct Answers) | Already Graded A+



For quick relief of Anxiety - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔2 wk course of intermediate

acting benzodiazepine PRN Q 8 hrs.


Buspirone (BuSpar) - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔o Not habit forming


o Not a CNS depressant

o MOA

• Mostly unknown

• High affinity for serotonin & lesser affinity for dopamine receptors


Hydroxyzine (Atarax, Vistaril) - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔o No abuse or addiction

concerns

o Strong antihistamine

,• Anticholinergic effects


Performance anxiety - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔o Beta-blocker


• Taken an hour before can help decrease symptoms without causing

sedation.

• Propranolol (Inderal)

• Atenolol (Tenormin)


Info about Benzodiazepines - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔o PRESCRIBE cautiously &

for as short a time as possible!!

o Scheduled IV

o Low abuse when used short term

o Routine daily use may lead to dependence

o Quick relief for anxiety

DO NOT STOP abruptly

• Can cause seizures

• Discontinue over many weeks


Benzodiazepine MOA - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔• Rapid onset

,• Those with fastest onset are associated w/ abuse

• Metabolized in liver & CYP450

• Use caution if alcohol or drug use is suspected

CNS effects

• Sedation

• Decreased anxiety

• Muscle relaxation

• Anti-convulsant action


Diazepam (valium) - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔• Long half life


• Effective in reducing spasm & decrease seizure activity


Alprazolam (Xanax) - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔• Works quickly


• Moderate half-life

• Rapid relief of symptoms

• Most addictive


Lorazepam (Ativan) - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔• Used for anxiety


• Slow onset

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STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
3

, • Shorter half-life


SSRIs - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔o Many types of anxiety disorders


• PTSD

• OCD

• Panic attacks

• Social anxiety

o Paroxetine (paxil)


Medications for Anxiety - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Benzodiazepines


SSRIs

SNRIs

Others... hydroxyzine, propranolol etc.


Info for insomnia - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔•Challenge to promote sleep & avoid

dependency on meds

•Essential to rule out other causes

o Pain

o Sleep apnea

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