Lab 11 The Circulatory System BIO202L
Student Name: Brigid Oti
Access Code (located on the lid of your lab kit): AC-AQW1GW
Lab Report Format Expectations
Utilize college level grammar and professional formatting when completing this worksheet.
Submissions without proper formatting, all required photos or sufficient responses will be rejected. Pre-
lab Questions
1. Describe the pathway of blood traveling through the closed system of the circulatory system
starting with the right atrium.
Deoxygenated blood flows into the right atrium from the body's systemic circulation, moves into
the right ventricle, and then gets pumped to the lungs for oxygenation. Once oxygenated, blood
returns to the left atrium, enters the left ventricle, and is ultimately distributed throughout the
body via the systemic circulation.
2. What are the main resistance vessels of the circulatory system?
Arterioles serve as the primary vessels responsible for regulating resistance within the
circulatory system.
3. How are they (the resistance vessels you noted in Question 2) controlled?
The arterioles, acting as the main resistance vessels, are regulated through various mechanisms
including neural, hormonal, and local factors. Neural regulation involves the sympathetic
nervous system, which can induce either constriction or dilation of the arterioles. Hormonal
regulation involves substances like adrenaline and angiotensin, which affect the diameter of the
vessels. Locally, factors such as oxygen and carbon dioxide levels, as well as metabolic
conditions, can also influence arteriolar resistance.
, Lab 11 The Circulatory System BIO202L
EXPERIMENT 1: MICROSCOPIC EXAMINATION OF BLOOD VESSELS
Introduction Questions
For the following questions, provide reasonable estimates as stated. These estimates must be realistic
for credit. (Hint: These estimates are provided in the lab materials, so your responses should be close to
those values.)
1. Give an estimate for how many times the heart beats over the course of a lifetime.
Assuming an average lifespan of 79 years and an average heart rate of 72 beats per minute, an
individual's heart would experience approximately 2.98 billion beats over their lifetime.
2. Give an estimate of how many liters of blood circulate in the human body every minute.
In an average adult human body, there are approximately 5 liters of blood. Considering an
average cardiac output of 5 liters per minute, this indicates that around 25 liters of blood
circulate through the body every minute.
3. The heart must constantly deliver oxygen via blood cells to the rest of the cells in the human
body. Provide an estimate of how many cells there are in the human body.
It is approximated that the human body consists of around 37.2 trillion cells, including diverse
types such as red blood cells, white blood cells, skin cells, muscle cells, nerve cells, and many
more.
Student Name: Brigid Oti
Access Code (located on the lid of your lab kit): AC-AQW1GW
Lab Report Format Expectations
Utilize college level grammar and professional formatting when completing this worksheet.
Submissions without proper formatting, all required photos or sufficient responses will be rejected. Pre-
lab Questions
1. Describe the pathway of blood traveling through the closed system of the circulatory system
starting with the right atrium.
Deoxygenated blood flows into the right atrium from the body's systemic circulation, moves into
the right ventricle, and then gets pumped to the lungs for oxygenation. Once oxygenated, blood
returns to the left atrium, enters the left ventricle, and is ultimately distributed throughout the
body via the systemic circulation.
2. What are the main resistance vessels of the circulatory system?
Arterioles serve as the primary vessels responsible for regulating resistance within the
circulatory system.
3. How are they (the resistance vessels you noted in Question 2) controlled?
The arterioles, acting as the main resistance vessels, are regulated through various mechanisms
including neural, hormonal, and local factors. Neural regulation involves the sympathetic
nervous system, which can induce either constriction or dilation of the arterioles. Hormonal
regulation involves substances like adrenaline and angiotensin, which affect the diameter of the
vessels. Locally, factors such as oxygen and carbon dioxide levels, as well as metabolic
conditions, can also influence arteriolar resistance.
, Lab 11 The Circulatory System BIO202L
EXPERIMENT 1: MICROSCOPIC EXAMINATION OF BLOOD VESSELS
Introduction Questions
For the following questions, provide reasonable estimates as stated. These estimates must be realistic
for credit. (Hint: These estimates are provided in the lab materials, so your responses should be close to
those values.)
1. Give an estimate for how many times the heart beats over the course of a lifetime.
Assuming an average lifespan of 79 years and an average heart rate of 72 beats per minute, an
individual's heart would experience approximately 2.98 billion beats over their lifetime.
2. Give an estimate of how many liters of blood circulate in the human body every minute.
In an average adult human body, there are approximately 5 liters of blood. Considering an
average cardiac output of 5 liters per minute, this indicates that around 25 liters of blood
circulate through the body every minute.
3. The heart must constantly deliver oxygen via blood cells to the rest of the cells in the human
body. Provide an estimate of how many cells there are in the human body.
It is approximated that the human body consists of around 37.2 trillion cells, including diverse
types such as red blood cells, white blood cells, skin cells, muscle cells, nerve cells, and many
more.
