NURS 6030 Patho - Introduction to
Advanced Pathophysiology Exam
Questions and Correct Answers.
Pathophysiology - Answer the study of disease processes and how they affect body function
- Pathos: suffering
- Physio: function of organs
- Logos: system of formal study
Disease - Answer Interruption, cessation, or disorder of cells, tissues, organs or body systems
Etiology - Answer cause
Physical forces (trauma)
Biological (infection)
Inflammatory/immune
Chemical
Genetic
Nutritional excesses/deficits
Most diseases are multifactorial in origin
Pathogenesis - Answer sequence of cellular/tissue changes that lead to disease signs and
symptoms
Clinical manifestations - Answer
Diagnosis - Answer Identification of the disease or syndrome
May be a long process
May begin as a working diagnosis
Dependent on:
Good interviewing skills
Good physical assessment skills
, Clinical course - Answer Signs: Objective finding
Examples : Fever, swelling, rash
Symptoms: subjective findings
Examples: Fatigue, pain
Syndrome: Compilation of a group of signs and symptoms that reflect a disease state
Complications: Extensions of disease or the adverse outcomes of disease
Idiopathic - Answer unidentifiable cause
Acquired - Answer develops after birth
Congenital - Answer present at birth
Genetic - Answer inherited
Nosocomial - Answer result of being in a hospital
Iatrogenic - Answer result of medical treatment
Sensitivity - Answer Identifies the proportion of people who have the disease and are positive
on a test for that disease
Given as a percentage
The higher the %, the better the test is at picking out those with the condition - a true positive
result (but it could also show false positives)
"If the condition is present, how likely is it that the person will test positive?"
Specificity - Answer Percentage of people without the disease who test negative on the test - a
true negative result
"Ability to identify persons who are truly well"
Sensitivity and specificity need to be considered with diagnostic tests
False positives can → stress for the patient, inappropriate treatment
False negative tests can → missed diagnosis
Advanced Pathophysiology Exam
Questions and Correct Answers.
Pathophysiology - Answer the study of disease processes and how they affect body function
- Pathos: suffering
- Physio: function of organs
- Logos: system of formal study
Disease - Answer Interruption, cessation, or disorder of cells, tissues, organs or body systems
Etiology - Answer cause
Physical forces (trauma)
Biological (infection)
Inflammatory/immune
Chemical
Genetic
Nutritional excesses/deficits
Most diseases are multifactorial in origin
Pathogenesis - Answer sequence of cellular/tissue changes that lead to disease signs and
symptoms
Clinical manifestations - Answer
Diagnosis - Answer Identification of the disease or syndrome
May be a long process
May begin as a working diagnosis
Dependent on:
Good interviewing skills
Good physical assessment skills
, Clinical course - Answer Signs: Objective finding
Examples : Fever, swelling, rash
Symptoms: subjective findings
Examples: Fatigue, pain
Syndrome: Compilation of a group of signs and symptoms that reflect a disease state
Complications: Extensions of disease or the adverse outcomes of disease
Idiopathic - Answer unidentifiable cause
Acquired - Answer develops after birth
Congenital - Answer present at birth
Genetic - Answer inherited
Nosocomial - Answer result of being in a hospital
Iatrogenic - Answer result of medical treatment
Sensitivity - Answer Identifies the proportion of people who have the disease and are positive
on a test for that disease
Given as a percentage
The higher the %, the better the test is at picking out those with the condition - a true positive
result (but it could also show false positives)
"If the condition is present, how likely is it that the person will test positive?"
Specificity - Answer Percentage of people without the disease who test negative on the test - a
true negative result
"Ability to identify persons who are truly well"
Sensitivity and specificity need to be considered with diagnostic tests
False positives can → stress for the patient, inappropriate treatment
False negative tests can → missed diagnosis
