TEST BANK FOR PSYCHOLOGY 14TH EDITION by David Myers & Nathan Dewall

TESTBANK
PSYCHOLOGY THIRTEENTH EDITION
DavidAG.AMyersA&AC.ANathanADeWall

,ChapterA1:AThinkingACriticallyAwithAPsychological Scienc
e Myers: PsychologyA13thAEdition


MULTIPLEACHOICE
IndicateAtheAanswerAchoiceAthatAbestAcompletesAtheAstatementAorAanswersAtheAquestion.

IfAresultsAareAstatisticallyAsignificantAbutAhaveAaAsmallAeffectAsize,AtheAresults may
lackApracticalAsignificance.
lackAaAcause-effectArelationship.
representAaAnegativeArelationship.
representAaAneutralArelationship.

InAoneAstudy,AintroductoryApsychologyAstudentsAwereAfittedAwithAelectronicallyAactivatedArecordersAsoAthatAr
eAsearchersAcouldAsampleAtheirAdailyAactivities.ATheAresearchersAwereAemployingAaAscientificAmethodAknown
Aas


naturalisticAobservation.
theAdouble-blindAprocedure.
experimentation.
theAcaseAstudy.

StudiesAconductedAinAtheAlateA1990sAinAwhichAtheAresearcherAconcludedAthatAchildrenAwhoAwereAadministere
dAtheAMMRAvaccinationAdevelopedAautismAwere
withheldAfromAtheApublicAintentionally.
accurate.
neverApublishedAbyAacademicAjournals.
discoveredAtoAbeAfraudulent.

SevenAmembersAofAaAboys'AclubAreportedAtheAfollowingAindividualAearningsAfromAtheirAsaleAofAcookies:A$2,A$9
,A$8,A$10,A$4,A$9,AandA$7.AInAthisAdistributionAofAindividualAearnings
theAmedianAisAgreaterAthanAtheAmeanAandAgreaterAthanAtheAmode.
theAmedianAisAlessAthanAtheAmeanAandAlessAthanAtheAmode.
theAmedianAisAgreaterAthanAtheAmeanAandAlessAthanAtheAmode.
theAmedianAisAlessAthanAtheAmeanAandAgreaterAthanAtheAmode.

ProfessorAValettaAbelievesAthatAidenticalAtwinsAhaveAsimilarAlevelsAofAintelligenceAlargelyAbecauseAtheyAshar
eAcommonAgenes.AHisAideaAisAbestAdescribedAasAa(n)
theory.
replication.
naturalisticAobservation.
operationalAdefinition.

TheAideaAthatA"people'sAemotionsAandApersonalAbeliefsAoftenAoverrideAtheirAacceptanceAofAobjectiveAfacts"Ai
sAexpressedAinAtheAdictionaryAdefinitionAof
falseAnews.

, post-truth.
powerfulAexamples.
repetition.
ProfessorATerranceAhasAconductedAaAstudyAthatAexaminedAtheArelationshipAbetweenAlevelAofAphysicalAactivi
tAyandAacademicAperformanceAamongAchildren.AHeAisAmostAlikelyAtoAuse
toAdetermineAifAaArelationshipexists.
meta-analysis
preregistration
aAcorrelationAcoefficient
experimentalAresearch

TheAtendencyAtoAperceiveAorderAinArandomAeventsAoftenAleadsAtoAoverestimatingAtheAvalueAo
fAcommonAsense.
operationalAdefinitions.
informedAconsent.
theAdouble-blindAprocedure.

Dr.ACarlsonAwantsAtoAconductAaAresearchAstudyAthatAwillAexamineAtheAsexualAbehaviorsAofAcollegeAstudents
.ABeforeAsheAcanAbeginAdataAcollectionAsheAmustAsubmitAherAresearchAproposalAto
herAinstitution'sAreviewAboard.
theAAPA.
theABPS.
herAdepartmentAchairAforAreview.

ApproximatelyAwhatApercentageAofAtheAcasesArepresentedAbyAtheAnormalAcurveAfallAbetwee
nA3AandA+3standardAdeviationsAfromAtheAmean?
34
68
95
d.A100

UnconsciousAgutAfeelings,AorA,Aprovide(s)AaAsharpAcontrastAtoAexplicit,AconsciousAreasoning.Atheory

chance-basedAexplanation
commonAsense
naturalisticAobservation

TheAexplanatoryApowerAofAaAscientificAtheoryAisAmostAcloselyAlinkedAtoAitsAcapacityAtoAgenerateAtestabl
eAassumptions.
correlations.
predictions.
variables.

SeveralAweeksAafterAaApoliticalAelection,AvotersAoftenAexaggerateAtheirAabilityAtoAhaveApredictedAtheAelectiono
Autcome.AThisAbestAillustrates

, theAplaceboAeffect.
randomAassignment.
wordingAeffects.
hindsightAbias.

RepeatingAtheAessenceAofAaApreviousAresearchAstudyAtoAverifyAwhetherAitsAfindingsAextendAtoAaAnewAgroupAofr
AesearchAparticipantsAandAtoAdifferentAcircumstancesAisAcalled


replication.
randomAsampling.
naturalisticAobservation.
theAdouble-blindAprocedure.

WhatAwasAtheAOxfordAEnglishADictionary'sAwordAofAtheAyearAinA2017?
falseAnews
preregistration
post-truth
repetition

NeitherAtheAresearchersAnorAtheAparticipantsAinAaAstudyAofAaAweight-
lossApillAknowAwhichAparticipantsAhaveactuallyAreceivedAaAdrugAdesignedAtoAhelpAweightAlossAandAwhichAha
AveAreceivedAaAplacebo.AThisAinvestigationinvolvesAtheAuseAof


naturalisticAobservation.
randomAsampling.
theAdouble-blindAprocedure.
replication.

WhichAofAtheAfollowingAcorrelationsAbetweenAself-
esteemAandAphysicalAappearanceAwouldAenableAyouAtoAmostaccuratelyApredictAphysicalAappearanceAfromAknowl
AedgeAofAlevelAofAself-esteem?


+.60
+.01
–.10
–.06

WhenAweAask,AforAexample,AhowAcloselyArelatedAareAtheAintelligenceAscoresAofAfraternalAtwins,AweAareAaskingh
owAstronglyAtwo areArelated.
experimentalAgroups
controlAgroups
variables
scatterplots

WhenAyouAreadAaAbarAgraph,AitAisAmostAimportantAforAyouAt
oAmentallyAtransformAtheAdataAintoAaAnormalAcurve.

identifyAtheAvalueAofAtheAstandardAdeviation.
noteAtheArangeAandAsizeAofAtheAscaleAvalues.