Test Bank For
Psychology Around Us
Authors: Nancy Ogden
4th Canadian Edition
,Copyright © 2021 John Wiley & Sons Canada, Ltd. Unauthorized Copying, Distribution, Or
Transmission Of This Page Is Prohibited
CHAPTER 1
PSYCHOLOGY: YESTERDAY AND TODAY
CHAPTER LEARNING OBJECTIVES
1. Define Psychology And Describe The Goals And Levels Of Analysis Psychologists Use.
•
Psychology Is The Study Of Mental Processes And Behaviour.
•
The Goals Of Psychology Are To Describe, Explain, Predict, And Control Behaviour And
Ment Al
Processes. Psychologists Vary In The Degree To Which They Focus On Some Of These
Goals More Than Others.
•
The Study Of Psychology Must Occur At Multiple Levels, Including The Level Of The Brain
(Th E
Biological Activity Associated With Mental Processes And Behaviour), The Level Of The
Perso N
(The Content Of Mental Processes), And The Level Of The Group (Social Influences On
Behaviour).
2. Describe The Influences Of Early Myths And Ancient Greek Philosophies On Psychology.
•
Early Explanations Of Human Behaviour Were Rooted In Superstition And Magic.
•
Later, Philosophers, Beginning With The Ancient Greeks, Tried To Develop More Objective
Theories Of Human Consciousness And Reality.
•
The Work Of Such Early Philosophers As Hippocrates, Socrates, Plato, And Aristotle
Contributed To The Later Formation Of Psychology As A Natural Science.
3. Name Important Early Psychologists And Describe Their Major Theories And
Research Methods.
•
The Development Of Psychology Has Been Strongly Influenced By Shifts In The Social
Environment and Development of New Technology.
9i 9i
•
The First Psychology Laboratory Was Founded In Leipzig, Germany, By Physiologist
Wilhel M
Wundt. Wundt was Interested In Human Consciousness And Will, Which He Studied
9i
Throug H
Small, Structured Activities That Could Be Easily Watched And Replicated.
,•
Structuralism, A School Of Thought Developed By One Of Wundt’s Students, Relied Upon
The Use Of Introspection, The Careful Observation Of Human Perception. The Goal Of The
Structuralists Was To Find The Smallest Building Blocks Of Consciousness.
•
William James Established The First psychology Laboratory In The United States At Harvard.
9i
He Helped Shift The Field’s Focus To The Functions Of Mental Events And Behaviours,
Forming A
School Of Thought known As Functionalism.
9i
•
Gestalt Psychologists Studied Human Tendencies To Perceive Pattern Rather Than
Dividing Consciousness Into Its Smallest Parts. They Focused On Putting Together The
“Parts,” Or Individual Sensations, To Create A “Whole” Or Perception That Went Beyond
The Sum Of The Parts.
4. Summarize The Major Principles Of The Psychoanalytical, Behaviourist,
Humanistic, Cognitive, And Neuroscience Approaches To Psychology.
•
Over The Years, Different Fields Of Psychology Emerged, With Different ideas About What
9i
W As
The Appropriate Area Of Study For Human Psychology. Some Of The Most influential
9i
Fields DOWNLOAD THE Test Bank For Psychology Around Us 4th Edition Ogden
Nursytestbank.Store
Psychology: Yesterday And Today
1-2
Copyright © 2021 John Wiley & Sons Canada, Ltd. Unauthorized Copying, Distribution, Or
Transmission Of This Page Is Prohibited
Were The Psychoanalytic, Behaviourist, Humanistic, Cognitive, And Neuroscience Schools
Of Thought.
•
Sigmund Freud’s Psychoanalytical Theory Focused On The Importance Of Unconscious
Ment Al
Processes.
•
Behaviourists Believed Strongly That Psychology Should Restrict Its Focus To The Careful
Stu Dy
Of Observable Behaviours.
•
Humanistic Psychologists Reacted Against The Mechanical Portrayals Of People By The
Behaviourists And Emphasized Individuals’ Potential For Growth And Self-Actualization.
•
, Cognitive Psychologists Reignited Interest In The Study Of Mental Processes, Comparing The
Workings Of The Mind To The Workings Of Computers.
•
Biological Science, Including Interest In The Workings Of The Brain And In Our Genetic
Inheritance, Was The Major Influence On Neuroscience Approaches.
5. Describe The Three Major Branches Of Psychology And Summarize Key Trends
In Psychology.
•
The Theoretical And Cultural Diversity Of The Field Of Psychology Has Increased
Dramaticall Y
Over Recent Years.
•
There Are Three Key Branches Of Psychology: Academic, Applied, And Clinical/Counselling.
•
Across The Three Branches And Many Specialty Areas In Psychology, Psychologists Are
United By Their Shared Values. Psychologists Generally Agree That Psychology Is Theory-
Driven, Empirical, Multi-Level, And Contextual.
•
Currently, Psychology Appears To Be Developing As A Science In Response To A Growing
Diversity Throughout The Field, Advances In Technology (Such As Brain Scanning), And
The Development Of New Schools Such As Positive Psychology.
DOWNLOAD THE Test Bank For Psychology Around Us 4th Edition Ogden
Nursytestbank.Store
1-3
Test Bank For Psychology Around Us, Fourth Canadian Edition
Copyright © 2021 John Wiley & Sons Canada, Ltd. Unauthorized Copying, Distribution, Or
Transmission Of This Page Is Prohibited
TRUE-FALSE STATEMENTS
1. Mental Processes Describe The Activity Of Our Brains When We Are Engaged In
Thinking. Answer: True
Difficulty: Easy
Bloomcode: Knowledge
Learning Objective: Define Psychology And Describe The Goals And Levels Of Analysis
Psychologists Use.
Section Reference: What Is Psychology?
2. The Person Level Of Analysis May Include How Intelligence Or Motivation Influences Beh
Aviour.
Answer: True
Psychology Around Us
Authors: Nancy Ogden
4th Canadian Edition
,Copyright © 2021 John Wiley & Sons Canada, Ltd. Unauthorized Copying, Distribution, Or
Transmission Of This Page Is Prohibited
CHAPTER 1
PSYCHOLOGY: YESTERDAY AND TODAY
CHAPTER LEARNING OBJECTIVES
1. Define Psychology And Describe The Goals And Levels Of Analysis Psychologists Use.
•
Psychology Is The Study Of Mental Processes And Behaviour.
•
The Goals Of Psychology Are To Describe, Explain, Predict, And Control Behaviour And
Ment Al
Processes. Psychologists Vary In The Degree To Which They Focus On Some Of These
Goals More Than Others.
•
The Study Of Psychology Must Occur At Multiple Levels, Including The Level Of The Brain
(Th E
Biological Activity Associated With Mental Processes And Behaviour), The Level Of The
Perso N
(The Content Of Mental Processes), And The Level Of The Group (Social Influences On
Behaviour).
2. Describe The Influences Of Early Myths And Ancient Greek Philosophies On Psychology.
•
Early Explanations Of Human Behaviour Were Rooted In Superstition And Magic.
•
Later, Philosophers, Beginning With The Ancient Greeks, Tried To Develop More Objective
Theories Of Human Consciousness And Reality.
•
The Work Of Such Early Philosophers As Hippocrates, Socrates, Plato, And Aristotle
Contributed To The Later Formation Of Psychology As A Natural Science.
3. Name Important Early Psychologists And Describe Their Major Theories And
Research Methods.
•
The Development Of Psychology Has Been Strongly Influenced By Shifts In The Social
Environment and Development of New Technology.
9i 9i
•
The First Psychology Laboratory Was Founded In Leipzig, Germany, By Physiologist
Wilhel M
Wundt. Wundt was Interested In Human Consciousness And Will, Which He Studied
9i
Throug H
Small, Structured Activities That Could Be Easily Watched And Replicated.
,•
Structuralism, A School Of Thought Developed By One Of Wundt’s Students, Relied Upon
The Use Of Introspection, The Careful Observation Of Human Perception. The Goal Of The
Structuralists Was To Find The Smallest Building Blocks Of Consciousness.
•
William James Established The First psychology Laboratory In The United States At Harvard.
9i
He Helped Shift The Field’s Focus To The Functions Of Mental Events And Behaviours,
Forming A
School Of Thought known As Functionalism.
9i
•
Gestalt Psychologists Studied Human Tendencies To Perceive Pattern Rather Than
Dividing Consciousness Into Its Smallest Parts. They Focused On Putting Together The
“Parts,” Or Individual Sensations, To Create A “Whole” Or Perception That Went Beyond
The Sum Of The Parts.
4. Summarize The Major Principles Of The Psychoanalytical, Behaviourist,
Humanistic, Cognitive, And Neuroscience Approaches To Psychology.
•
Over The Years, Different Fields Of Psychology Emerged, With Different ideas About What
9i
W As
The Appropriate Area Of Study For Human Psychology. Some Of The Most influential
9i
Fields DOWNLOAD THE Test Bank For Psychology Around Us 4th Edition Ogden
Nursytestbank.Store
Psychology: Yesterday And Today
1-2
Copyright © 2021 John Wiley & Sons Canada, Ltd. Unauthorized Copying, Distribution, Or
Transmission Of This Page Is Prohibited
Were The Psychoanalytic, Behaviourist, Humanistic, Cognitive, And Neuroscience Schools
Of Thought.
•
Sigmund Freud’s Psychoanalytical Theory Focused On The Importance Of Unconscious
Ment Al
Processes.
•
Behaviourists Believed Strongly That Psychology Should Restrict Its Focus To The Careful
Stu Dy
Of Observable Behaviours.
•
Humanistic Psychologists Reacted Against The Mechanical Portrayals Of People By The
Behaviourists And Emphasized Individuals’ Potential For Growth And Self-Actualization.
•
, Cognitive Psychologists Reignited Interest In The Study Of Mental Processes, Comparing The
Workings Of The Mind To The Workings Of Computers.
•
Biological Science, Including Interest In The Workings Of The Brain And In Our Genetic
Inheritance, Was The Major Influence On Neuroscience Approaches.
5. Describe The Three Major Branches Of Psychology And Summarize Key Trends
In Psychology.
•
The Theoretical And Cultural Diversity Of The Field Of Psychology Has Increased
Dramaticall Y
Over Recent Years.
•
There Are Three Key Branches Of Psychology: Academic, Applied, And Clinical/Counselling.
•
Across The Three Branches And Many Specialty Areas In Psychology, Psychologists Are
United By Their Shared Values. Psychologists Generally Agree That Psychology Is Theory-
Driven, Empirical, Multi-Level, And Contextual.
•
Currently, Psychology Appears To Be Developing As A Science In Response To A Growing
Diversity Throughout The Field, Advances In Technology (Such As Brain Scanning), And
The Development Of New Schools Such As Positive Psychology.
DOWNLOAD THE Test Bank For Psychology Around Us 4th Edition Ogden
Nursytestbank.Store
1-3
Test Bank For Psychology Around Us, Fourth Canadian Edition
Copyright © 2021 John Wiley & Sons Canada, Ltd. Unauthorized Copying, Distribution, Or
Transmission Of This Page Is Prohibited
TRUE-FALSE STATEMENTS
1. Mental Processes Describe The Activity Of Our Brains When We Are Engaged In
Thinking. Answer: True
Difficulty: Easy
Bloomcode: Knowledge
Learning Objective: Define Psychology And Describe The Goals And Levels Of Analysis
Psychologists Use.
Section Reference: What Is Psychology?
2. The Person Level Of Analysis May Include How Intelligence Or Motivation Influences Beh
Aviour.
Answer: True
