NUR 622 Advanced Pharmacology Questions With
Complete Solutions
70% ethyl alcohol kills what percentage of cutaneous bacteria
within how long? Correct Answer 90% in 3 minutes
A bowel prep with oral antibiotics might be used in which 2
procedures rather than IV antibiotics? Correct Answer
colorectal and abdominal procedures
A drug moving from the vasculature to the extravascular space
is part of what aspect of pharmacokinetics? Correct Answer
distribution
A weak base is more or less ionized at a lower pH? Correct
Answer more ionized
Alcohol, phenytoin, and salicyclates belong to what kind of
kinetics, meaning they have a constant elimination rate?
Correct Answer zero order kinetics
Although H1 antagonists are highly selective for H1 receptors,
what other receptors do they activate to a lesser degree?
Correct Answer muscarinic
cholinergic
serotonin
alpha adrenergic
not much of an effect on H2 or H3 receptors
,Although histamine-induced vasodilation is widespread, where
is flushing normally found? Correct Answer face and upper
body
Anticholinergics __________ smooth muscle tone. Correct
Answer reduce
Approximately half of an oral dose of ampicillin is excreted
unchanged by the kidneys how long after administration?
Correct Answer 6 hours
Are cephalosporins bacteriocidal or bacteriostatic? Correct
Answer bacteriocidal
Behavior of drugs in the body depend on what 4 major things?
Correct Answer chemistry of the drug molecule
chemistry of the local environment
physical properties (osmotic pressure etc)
A&P of local environment
Beta adrenergic receptor agonists act as broncho_______?
Correct Answer dilators
Bioavailability of H2 antagonists given orally? Correct Answer
50% due to extensive first pass hepatic metabolism
(except for nizatidine (Axid) which has a bioavailability of
100%)
Bradykinin mediates the release of what 3 neuropeptides?
Correct Answer Substance P
calcitonin peptide
,neurokinin
Breakdown of how penicillin is excreted? Correct Answer
10% by GFR
90% renal tubular excretion
anuria increases half time by 10x
By what 3 mechanisms is the action of endogenously released
catecholamines at the synaptic cleft terminated? Correct
Answer Reuptake into the presynaptic terminals and storage in
norepi vesicles for reuse
extraneuronal reuptake into which norepi is metabolized by
MAO and COMT to form vanillylmandelic acid and excreted in
the urine
Diffusion
Carbapenem side effects? Correct Answer irritation at
injection site
diarrhea
rash
nausea
vomiting
pruritis
Cefaxitin and cefamandole are what generation cephalosporin?
Correct Answer 2nd and 3rd
, Cimetidine dosage might need to be decreased in what type of
patient? Why? Correct Answer severe liver disease to avoid
mental confusion (drug has been found in CSF of severe liver
patients)
Clearance is directly proportional to what? Correct Answer
blood flow to clearing organ and drug dose
Clearance is indirectly proportional to what? Correct Answer
half life and drug concentration
Define additive drug interaction. Correct Answer overall
effect is the sum of the two individual drug effects
Define antagonistic drug interaction. Correct Answer overall
drug effect is less than if the drug combination was additive
Define CPss50. Correct Answer steady state plasma
concentration of a drug
Define efficacy. Correct Answer measure of the intrinsic
ability of a drug to cause a clinical effect
Define pharmacobiophysics. Correct Answer The drug's
concentration in the plasma and the effect site
Define pharmacodynamics. Correct Answer Study of how the
drug is exerting its effect on the body (receptor interactions,
potency, etc)
Complete Solutions
70% ethyl alcohol kills what percentage of cutaneous bacteria
within how long? Correct Answer 90% in 3 minutes
A bowel prep with oral antibiotics might be used in which 2
procedures rather than IV antibiotics? Correct Answer
colorectal and abdominal procedures
A drug moving from the vasculature to the extravascular space
is part of what aspect of pharmacokinetics? Correct Answer
distribution
A weak base is more or less ionized at a lower pH? Correct
Answer more ionized
Alcohol, phenytoin, and salicyclates belong to what kind of
kinetics, meaning they have a constant elimination rate?
Correct Answer zero order kinetics
Although H1 antagonists are highly selective for H1 receptors,
what other receptors do they activate to a lesser degree?
Correct Answer muscarinic
cholinergic
serotonin
alpha adrenergic
not much of an effect on H2 or H3 receptors
,Although histamine-induced vasodilation is widespread, where
is flushing normally found? Correct Answer face and upper
body
Anticholinergics __________ smooth muscle tone. Correct
Answer reduce
Approximately half of an oral dose of ampicillin is excreted
unchanged by the kidneys how long after administration?
Correct Answer 6 hours
Are cephalosporins bacteriocidal or bacteriostatic? Correct
Answer bacteriocidal
Behavior of drugs in the body depend on what 4 major things?
Correct Answer chemistry of the drug molecule
chemistry of the local environment
physical properties (osmotic pressure etc)
A&P of local environment
Beta adrenergic receptor agonists act as broncho_______?
Correct Answer dilators
Bioavailability of H2 antagonists given orally? Correct Answer
50% due to extensive first pass hepatic metabolism
(except for nizatidine (Axid) which has a bioavailability of
100%)
Bradykinin mediates the release of what 3 neuropeptides?
Correct Answer Substance P
calcitonin peptide
,neurokinin
Breakdown of how penicillin is excreted? Correct Answer
10% by GFR
90% renal tubular excretion
anuria increases half time by 10x
By what 3 mechanisms is the action of endogenously released
catecholamines at the synaptic cleft terminated? Correct
Answer Reuptake into the presynaptic terminals and storage in
norepi vesicles for reuse
extraneuronal reuptake into which norepi is metabolized by
MAO and COMT to form vanillylmandelic acid and excreted in
the urine
Diffusion
Carbapenem side effects? Correct Answer irritation at
injection site
diarrhea
rash
nausea
vomiting
pruritis
Cefaxitin and cefamandole are what generation cephalosporin?
Correct Answer 2nd and 3rd
, Cimetidine dosage might need to be decreased in what type of
patient? Why? Correct Answer severe liver disease to avoid
mental confusion (drug has been found in CSF of severe liver
patients)
Clearance is directly proportional to what? Correct Answer
blood flow to clearing organ and drug dose
Clearance is indirectly proportional to what? Correct Answer
half life and drug concentration
Define additive drug interaction. Correct Answer overall
effect is the sum of the two individual drug effects
Define antagonistic drug interaction. Correct Answer overall
drug effect is less than if the drug combination was additive
Define CPss50. Correct Answer steady state plasma
concentration of a drug
Define efficacy. Correct Answer measure of the intrinsic
ability of a drug to cause a clinical effect
Define pharmacobiophysics. Correct Answer The drug's
concentration in the plasma and the effect site
Define pharmacodynamics. Correct Answer Study of how the
drug is exerting its effect on the body (receptor interactions,
potency, etc)
