CHAPTER 25: OBSTRUCTIVE LUNG
DISEASE: CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE
PULMONARY DISEASE (COPD),
ASTHMA, AND RELATED DISEASES
EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Which of the following are typically found in a patient with COPD?
1. Airway inflammation
2. Partially reversible airway obstruction
3. Progressive airway obstruction
4. Restrictive disease
a. 2 and 3 only
b. 1 and 4 only
c. 1, 2, and 3 only
d. 2, 3, and 4 only -ANSANS: C
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a preventable and treatable disease
state characterized by airflow limitation that is not fully reversible. The airflow limitation
is usually progressive and is associated with an abnormal inflammatory response of the
lungs to noxious particles or gases, primarily caused by cigarette smoking
Emphysema is defined as:
a. chronic productive cough.
b. conducting airway enlargement. c. destruction of alveolar walls without fibrosis.
d. hemoptysis associated with productive cough and alveolar-capillary membrane
destruction. -ANSANS: C
Emphysema is defined in anatomical terms as a condition characterized by abnormal,
permanent enlargement of the airspaces beyond the terminal bronchiole, accompanied
by destruction of the walls of the airspaces without fibrosis.
Which complaint is most closely associated with the diagnosis of chronic bronchitis?
a. Airway enlargement
b. Chronic productive cough
c. Dyspnea on exertion
d. Hemoptysis -ANSANS: B
Chronic bronchitis is defined in clinical terms as a condition in which chronic productive
cough is present for at least 3 months per year for at least 2 consecutive years
Approximately how many Americans are affected by COPD? a. 8 million
b. 16 million
c. 24 million
, d. 32 million -ANSANS: C
COPD is common, with recent estimates suggesting that 24 million Americans are
affected. It is the third leading cause of death in the United States, responsible for
145,075 deaths in 2008
The mechanisms of airway obstruction in COPD include which of the following?
1. Airway remodeling
2. Inflammation and obstruction of small airway
3. Loss of elasticity
4. Active bronchospasm
a. 1 and 2 only
b. 1 and 4 only
c. 2, 3, and 4 only
d. 3 and 4 only -ANSANS: C
The mechanisms of airflow obstruction in COPD include inflammation and obstruction of
small airways (<2 mm in diameter); loss of elasticity, which keeps small airways open
when elastin is destroyed in emphysema; and active bronchospasm
Where does COPD rank among the leading causes of death in the United States?
a. First
b. Second
c. Third
d. Fourth -ANSANS: C
COPD is now the third leading cause of death in the United States
Approximately how many individuals died of COPD in the United States in 2008?
a. 145,000
b. 210,000
c. 550,000
d. 1,000,000 -ANSANS: A
COPD is now the third leading cause of death in the United States, accounting for an
estimated 145,075 (or approximately 4% of all) deaths in 2008
What is the approximate cost of COPD to the U.S. health system?
a. $20 billion
b. $30 billion
c. $40 billion
d. $50 billion -ANSANS: D
In 2010, COPD caused 715,000 hospitalizations (which accounted for 1.9% of all
hospitalizations in the United States), and, in 2010, COPD resulted in a total health
expenditure of $49.9 billion. In this regard, COPD is a problem that is a frequent
challenge for the respiratory clinician.
What is the leading risk factor for the development of COPD?
a. Air pollution
b. Alpha1-antitrypsin deficiency
DISEASE: CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE
PULMONARY DISEASE (COPD),
ASTHMA, AND RELATED DISEASES
EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Which of the following are typically found in a patient with COPD?
1. Airway inflammation
2. Partially reversible airway obstruction
3. Progressive airway obstruction
4. Restrictive disease
a. 2 and 3 only
b. 1 and 4 only
c. 1, 2, and 3 only
d. 2, 3, and 4 only -ANSANS: C
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a preventable and treatable disease
state characterized by airflow limitation that is not fully reversible. The airflow limitation
is usually progressive and is associated with an abnormal inflammatory response of the
lungs to noxious particles or gases, primarily caused by cigarette smoking
Emphysema is defined as:
a. chronic productive cough.
b. conducting airway enlargement. c. destruction of alveolar walls without fibrosis.
d. hemoptysis associated with productive cough and alveolar-capillary membrane
destruction. -ANSANS: C
Emphysema is defined in anatomical terms as a condition characterized by abnormal,
permanent enlargement of the airspaces beyond the terminal bronchiole, accompanied
by destruction of the walls of the airspaces without fibrosis.
Which complaint is most closely associated with the diagnosis of chronic bronchitis?
a. Airway enlargement
b. Chronic productive cough
c. Dyspnea on exertion
d. Hemoptysis -ANSANS: B
Chronic bronchitis is defined in clinical terms as a condition in which chronic productive
cough is present for at least 3 months per year for at least 2 consecutive years
Approximately how many Americans are affected by COPD? a. 8 million
b. 16 million
c. 24 million
, d. 32 million -ANSANS: C
COPD is common, with recent estimates suggesting that 24 million Americans are
affected. It is the third leading cause of death in the United States, responsible for
145,075 deaths in 2008
The mechanisms of airway obstruction in COPD include which of the following?
1. Airway remodeling
2. Inflammation and obstruction of small airway
3. Loss of elasticity
4. Active bronchospasm
a. 1 and 2 only
b. 1 and 4 only
c. 2, 3, and 4 only
d. 3 and 4 only -ANSANS: C
The mechanisms of airflow obstruction in COPD include inflammation and obstruction of
small airways (<2 mm in diameter); loss of elasticity, which keeps small airways open
when elastin is destroyed in emphysema; and active bronchospasm
Where does COPD rank among the leading causes of death in the United States?
a. First
b. Second
c. Third
d. Fourth -ANSANS: C
COPD is now the third leading cause of death in the United States
Approximately how many individuals died of COPD in the United States in 2008?
a. 145,000
b. 210,000
c. 550,000
d. 1,000,000 -ANSANS: A
COPD is now the third leading cause of death in the United States, accounting for an
estimated 145,075 (or approximately 4% of all) deaths in 2008
What is the approximate cost of COPD to the U.S. health system?
a. $20 billion
b. $30 billion
c. $40 billion
d. $50 billion -ANSANS: D
In 2010, COPD caused 715,000 hospitalizations (which accounted for 1.9% of all
hospitalizations in the United States), and, in 2010, COPD resulted in a total health
expenditure of $49.9 billion. In this regard, COPD is a problem that is a frequent
challenge for the respiratory clinician.
What is the leading risk factor for the development of COPD?
a. Air pollution
b. Alpha1-antitrypsin deficiency
