Nursing 240 Exam 1 (100+ Questions) – Cancer Staging (TNM), Breast & Ovarian Cancer, Prostate Cancer, Chemotherapy Complications, Hospice, Advance Directives

This high-yield document offers 100+ graded and verified exam questions and answers for Nursing 240 – Oncology and End-of-Life Care, meticulously curated for the 2025/2026 academic year at the University of Nursing Sciences. It provides an in-depth review of cancer biology, diagnostics, nursing interventions, hospice vs palliative care, chemotherapy complications, and female/male reproductive cancers. Designed for nursing students preparing for system-based Med-Surg exams or NCLEX-RN testing, this guide links pathophysiology with patient-centered care, pharmacologic management, and safety-focused nursing responsibilities. Major Topics Covered: Cancer Fundamentals & Diagnostics: Definitions: neoplasm, benign vs malignant tumors TNM staging system (Tumor size, Node involvement, Metastasis) with numerical grading Gold standard for cancer diagnosis: biopsy Warning signs of cancer: weight loss/gain, bleeding, fever Chemotherapy Complications: Bone Marrow Suppression (BMS): neutropenia, anemia, thrombocytopenia Normal and critical lab ranges for ANC, platelets Severity grading for neutropenia and thrombocytopenia Tumor Lysis Syndrome, SVC Syndrome, Mucositis, Stomatitis Hypercalcemia in malignancies Anorexia-Cachexia Syndrome: nutrition management during chemo Infection prevention as leading priority Advance Directives & End-of-Life Care: Living Will, Healthcare Proxy, Power of Attorney (POA): legal definitions and requirements DNR, Comfort Measures Only (CMO) orders Palliative vs Hospice Care: goals, eligibility, and patient education Hospice indication: prognosis of 6 months or less Breast Cancer: Risk factors: age, HRT, early menarche/late menopause Most common type: infiltrating ductal carcinoma Diagnostics: mammogram, biopsy, hormone receptor testing Surgical options: lumpectomy, mastectomy types (simple, modified radical, radical) Post-op complications: lymphedema, stages and management Hormone therapy: ER+/PR+, HER2+, triple-negative breast cancer and treatment protocols Ovarian Cancer: High mortality due to late-stage diagnosis Risk factors: first pregnancy 30, infertility treatment, early menarche Symptoms: distention, pain, bleeding, urinary urgency Diagnostics: CA-125, ultrasound, CT Surgical treatment: TAH-BSO Prostate Cancer: Most common male cancer, especially in African American men Screening: PSA, DRE, biopsy Symptoms: back/hip pain, urinary retention Surgical options: radical prostatectomy types Radiation side effects: cystitis, proctitis – care measures and teaching Radiation precautions post-treatment Nursing Considerations & Teaching: Kegel exercises for urinary incontinence Screening guidelines (ACS): age-based risk stratification Radiation documentation, infection precautions, dietary guidelines for radiation effects This document offers unmatched depth in oncology nursing care, integrating diagnostics, pharmacology, palliative ethics, and surgical follow-up with evidence-based strategies to guide both learning and clinical decision-making. Courses this document may concern: Nursing 240: Oncology Nursing & End-of-Life Care Adult Health Nursing (Med-Surg) NCLEX-RN Oncology & Legal/Ethical Care Reproductive and Surgical Nursing Palliative and Hospice Nursing Students this document may benefit: ADN and BSN nursing students LPN/LVN students studying advanced adult health NCLEX-RN, ATI, or HESI test-takers International nurses preparing for U.S. oncology protocols Keywords: TNM staging, biopsy, tumor markers, neutropenia, ANC range, thrombocytopenia, chemo complications, hospice vs palliative, DNR orders, breast cancer types, HER2+, lumpectomy, mastectomy, ovarian cancer, CA-125, prostate cancer screening, PSA levels, radiation side effects, living will, healthcare proxy, Nursing 240 exam, NCLEX oncology review, lymphedema care, end-of-life nursing