Chapter 01: Introduction to Imaging and Radiologic Sciences
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Adler: Introduction to Radiologic and Imaging Sciences and Patient Care, 8th Edition
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,MULTIPLE CHOICE jl
1. The use of x-rays to create a medical image on patients is referred to as
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a. electrocardiography.
b. radiography.
c. sonography.
d. magnetic resonance imaging. jl jl
ANS: B jljl
Radiography is the making of records of internal structures of the body by passage of x-
jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl
rays or gamma rays through the body. These records or images are typically referred to as radi
jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl
ographs.
REF: p. 4 jl
2. Particular care must be taken when using radiation for medical imaging. This is the result of ra
jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl
diation’s ability to create in human tissue and possible biochemical changes.
jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl
a. ionizations
b. radio waves jl
c. sound waves jl
d. thermal changes jl
ANS: A jljl
Some forms of electromagnetic energy, including x-
jl jl jl jl jl jl
rays, have the ability to ionize atoms in matter. These ionizations have the ability to disrupt the
jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl
composition of matter and are capable of disrupting life processes. Special protection should
jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl
be provided to prevent excessive exposure to ionizing radiation.
jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl
REF: p. 3 jl
3. In the diagnosis of patient disease states, physicians can select from an array of medical diagn
jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl
ostic modalities. A few of these involve the use of ionizing energy to create a medical image. I
jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl
f a physician is concerned about the use of ionizing radiation, he or she may choose to order an
jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl
y of the following diagnostic modalities EXCEPT
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a. thermograms.
b. medical sonography. jl
c. radiography.
d. magnetic resonance imaging. jl jl
ANS: C jljl
Radiography involves the use of x- jl jl jl jl jl
rays for the production of medical images. Medical procedures such as thermograms, sonogra
jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl
ms, and magnetic resonance scans use nonionizing energy forms and consequently do not prod
jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl
uce ionizations in human tissue. They are regarded as nonionizing modalities for imaging and o
jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl
ffer excellent alternatives to physicians concerned about radiation exposure to patients.
jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl
, REF: j l j l pp. 3-4 jl
4. The Greek physician Hippocrates is regarded as the father of Western medicine. All of the fol
jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl
lowing choices represent his medical beliefs EXCEPT the
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a. use of high ethical standards of conduct.
jl jl jl jl jl jl
b. important medical value of sorcery and witchcraft. jl jl jl jl jl jl
c. importance of closely monitoring a patient’s condition and recovery. jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl
d. value of diet and exercise and allowing nature to take its course in recovery.
jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl
ANS: B jljl
The Hippocratic Corpus is writings that they emphasize rational and natural explanations for th
jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl
e treatment of disease and reject sorcery and magic. The Hippocratic oath still governs the ethi
jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl
cal conduct of physicians today.
jl jl jl jl
REF: p. 5 jl
5. Throughout the history of medicine, remarkable achievements have been recorded. These e
jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl
vents have led to our current understanding of the human organism and disease. As this res
jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl
earch continues, much of it will most likely focus on
jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl
a. proper sanitation and public health. jl jl jl jl
b. immunology and the development of vaccines. jl jl jl jl jl
c. germ theory and infection. jl jl jl
d. human genes and genetic engineering. jl jl jl jl
ANS: D jljl
Although the Human Genome Project is finished, analyses of the data will continue for many
jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl
years. The replacement of faulty genes through gene therapy offers promises of cures for a vari
jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl
ety of hereditary diseases, and through genetic engineering, important pharmaceuticals contin
jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl
ue to be developed. Medical research will continue to focus on the genetic code in all cells.
jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl
REF: p. 6 jl
6. Wilhelm C. Roentgen’s discovery of ―the x- jl jl jl jl jl jl
ray‖ is regarded as one of medicine’s most significant achievements. Although his discovery
jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl
was accidental, his early research was so thorough that no significant findings have been add
jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl
ed to his original theories. This in itself is a true tribute to the brilliance of Roentgen as a scie
jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl
ntist. One of the most famous early images he created was an x-ray image of his
jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl
a. colon.
b. laboratory assistant’s foot. jl jl
c. wife’s hand. jl
d. kidneys.
ANS: C jljl
November 8, 1895, is believed by historians to be the day that Roentgen created the famous im
jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl
age of the hand of his wife. Through his investigative methods, Roentgen identified the proper
jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl
ties of x-rays. jl jl
REF: p. 6 jl
, 7. A valuable x-ray procedure used to diagnose a myocardial infarction is
jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl
a. mammography.
b. myelography.
c. arthrography.
d. coronary arteriography. jl
ANS: D jljl
Coronary arteriography is an extremely valuable tool in diagnosing atherosclerosis, which can
jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl j
block the coronary arteries and cause a heart attack (myocardial infarction). By way of a specia
l jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl
l catheter with a balloon tip, effective treatment of atherosclerosis is possible. This treatment o
jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl
f a blocked blood vessel is termed angioplasty. Angioplasty is used to treat patients without ha
jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl
ving to use invasive open-heart surgery.
jl jl jl jl jl
REF: p. 8 jl
8. All of the following are true of the diagnostic procedure of mammography EXCEPT
jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl
a. it is very valuable for the detection of early breast cancers.
jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl
b. the procedures may be performed using a general radiographic machine.
jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl
c. radiographers need to be specially trained in order to perform mammography. jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl
d. radiographers must be certified by the ARRT to qualify for the mammography ex jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl
amination.
ANS: B jljl
Special breast imaging centers have been built to accommodate the demand for mammography
jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl
procedures. Equipment and supplies, such as a specially designed x-ray tube and high-
jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl
resolution digital imaging detectors, are used to create high- jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl
quality breast images. Mammography cannot be performed using general x-ray equipment.
jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl
REF: p. 8 jl
9. To study the blood vessels of the brain, kidneys, liver, and other organs, contrast material is ad
jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl
ministered into these vessels by using jl jl jl jl jl
a. catheters.
b. stents.
c. balloons.
d. none of the above. jl jl jl
ANS: A jljl
Angiography is the term for radiologic examination of the blood vessels after injection of a co
jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl
ntrast medium. Most often, the contrast material is injected through a catheter, which can be di
jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl
rected to a variety of major arteries or veins for visualization of these structures.
jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl
REF: p. 8 jl
10. Radiologic science continues to be one of the most exciting professions in medicine. An im
jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl
aging modality that uses no ionizing radiation and the energy of radio waves and magneti
jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl
c fields is
jl jl
a. nuclear imaging. jl
b. thermography.
c. CVIT.
jl jl jl jl jl jl jl
Adler: Introduction to Radiologic and Imaging Sciences and Patient Care, 8th Edition
jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl
,MULTIPLE CHOICE jl
1. The use of x-rays to create a medical image on patients is referred to as
jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl
a. electrocardiography.
b. radiography.
c. sonography.
d. magnetic resonance imaging. jl jl
ANS: B jljl
Radiography is the making of records of internal structures of the body by passage of x-
jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl
rays or gamma rays through the body. These records or images are typically referred to as radi
jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl
ographs.
REF: p. 4 jl
2. Particular care must be taken when using radiation for medical imaging. This is the result of ra
jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl
diation’s ability to create in human tissue and possible biochemical changes.
jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl
a. ionizations
b. radio waves jl
c. sound waves jl
d. thermal changes jl
ANS: A jljl
Some forms of electromagnetic energy, including x-
jl jl jl jl jl jl
rays, have the ability to ionize atoms in matter. These ionizations have the ability to disrupt the
jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl
composition of matter and are capable of disrupting life processes. Special protection should
jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl
be provided to prevent excessive exposure to ionizing radiation.
jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl
REF: p. 3 jl
3. In the diagnosis of patient disease states, physicians can select from an array of medical diagn
jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl
ostic modalities. A few of these involve the use of ionizing energy to create a medical image. I
jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl
f a physician is concerned about the use of ionizing radiation, he or she may choose to order an
jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl
y of the following diagnostic modalities EXCEPT
jl jl jl jl jl jl
a. thermograms.
b. medical sonography. jl
c. radiography.
d. magnetic resonance imaging. jl jl
ANS: C jljl
Radiography involves the use of x- jl jl jl jl jl
rays for the production of medical images. Medical procedures such as thermograms, sonogra
jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl
ms, and magnetic resonance scans use nonionizing energy forms and consequently do not prod
jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl
uce ionizations in human tissue. They are regarded as nonionizing modalities for imaging and o
jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl
ffer excellent alternatives to physicians concerned about radiation exposure to patients.
jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl
, REF: j l j l pp. 3-4 jl
4. The Greek physician Hippocrates is regarded as the father of Western medicine. All of the fol
jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl
lowing choices represent his medical beliefs EXCEPT the
jl jl jl jl jl jl jl
a. use of high ethical standards of conduct.
jl jl jl jl jl jl
b. important medical value of sorcery and witchcraft. jl jl jl jl jl jl
c. importance of closely monitoring a patient’s condition and recovery. jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl
d. value of diet and exercise and allowing nature to take its course in recovery.
jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl
ANS: B jljl
The Hippocratic Corpus is writings that they emphasize rational and natural explanations for th
jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl
e treatment of disease and reject sorcery and magic. The Hippocratic oath still governs the ethi
jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl
cal conduct of physicians today.
jl jl jl jl
REF: p. 5 jl
5. Throughout the history of medicine, remarkable achievements have been recorded. These e
jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl
vents have led to our current understanding of the human organism and disease. As this res
jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl
earch continues, much of it will most likely focus on
jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl
a. proper sanitation and public health. jl jl jl jl
b. immunology and the development of vaccines. jl jl jl jl jl
c. germ theory and infection. jl jl jl
d. human genes and genetic engineering. jl jl jl jl
ANS: D jljl
Although the Human Genome Project is finished, analyses of the data will continue for many
jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl
years. The replacement of faulty genes through gene therapy offers promises of cures for a vari
jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl
ety of hereditary diseases, and through genetic engineering, important pharmaceuticals contin
jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl
ue to be developed. Medical research will continue to focus on the genetic code in all cells.
jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl
REF: p. 6 jl
6. Wilhelm C. Roentgen’s discovery of ―the x- jl jl jl jl jl jl
ray‖ is regarded as one of medicine’s most significant achievements. Although his discovery
jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl
was accidental, his early research was so thorough that no significant findings have been add
jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl
ed to his original theories. This in itself is a true tribute to the brilliance of Roentgen as a scie
jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl
ntist. One of the most famous early images he created was an x-ray image of his
jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl
a. colon.
b. laboratory assistant’s foot. jl jl
c. wife’s hand. jl
d. kidneys.
ANS: C jljl
November 8, 1895, is believed by historians to be the day that Roentgen created the famous im
jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl
age of the hand of his wife. Through his investigative methods, Roentgen identified the proper
jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl
ties of x-rays. jl jl
REF: p. 6 jl
, 7. A valuable x-ray procedure used to diagnose a myocardial infarction is
jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl
a. mammography.
b. myelography.
c. arthrography.
d. coronary arteriography. jl
ANS: D jljl
Coronary arteriography is an extremely valuable tool in diagnosing atherosclerosis, which can
jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl j
block the coronary arteries and cause a heart attack (myocardial infarction). By way of a specia
l jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl
l catheter with a balloon tip, effective treatment of atherosclerosis is possible. This treatment o
jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl
f a blocked blood vessel is termed angioplasty. Angioplasty is used to treat patients without ha
jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl
ving to use invasive open-heart surgery.
jl jl jl jl jl
REF: p. 8 jl
8. All of the following are true of the diagnostic procedure of mammography EXCEPT
jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl
a. it is very valuable for the detection of early breast cancers.
jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl
b. the procedures may be performed using a general radiographic machine.
jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl
c. radiographers need to be specially trained in order to perform mammography. jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl
d. radiographers must be certified by the ARRT to qualify for the mammography ex jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl
amination.
ANS: B jljl
Special breast imaging centers have been built to accommodate the demand for mammography
jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl
procedures. Equipment and supplies, such as a specially designed x-ray tube and high-
jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl
resolution digital imaging detectors, are used to create high- jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl
quality breast images. Mammography cannot be performed using general x-ray equipment.
jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl
REF: p. 8 jl
9. To study the blood vessels of the brain, kidneys, liver, and other organs, contrast material is ad
jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl
ministered into these vessels by using jl jl jl jl jl
a. catheters.
b. stents.
c. balloons.
d. none of the above. jl jl jl
ANS: A jljl
Angiography is the term for radiologic examination of the blood vessels after injection of a co
jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl
ntrast medium. Most often, the contrast material is injected through a catheter, which can be di
jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl
rected to a variety of major arteries or veins for visualization of these structures.
jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl
REF: p. 8 jl
10. Radiologic science continues to be one of the most exciting professions in medicine. An im
jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl
aging modality that uses no ionizing radiation and the energy of radio waves and magneti
jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl
c fields is
jl jl
a. nuclear imaging. jl
b. thermography.
c. CVIT.
