ECPI NUR 138 LATEST
PHARMACOLOGY
EXAM 1
A patient has received an accidental overdose of intravenous atropine.
Which drug will the nurse prepare to administer?
A. Atenolol (Tenormin)
B. Dicyclomine (Bentyl)
C. Bethanechol (Urecholine)
D. Physostigmine (Antilirium) - ANSWERS-D. Physostigmine
(Antilirium)
Rationale: Physostigmine salicylate is the antidote to an atropine
overdose in patients who show extreme delirium or agitation and could
inflict injury to themselves. Its routine use as an antidote for cholinergic-
blocker overdose is controversial, however. The other options are
incorrect choices.
The nurse will monitor for which adverse effect when administering an
anticholinergic drug?
A. Excessive urination
END OF
PAGE
1
, ECPI NUR 138 LATEST
PHARMACOLOGY
EXAM 1
B. Diaphoresis
C. Dry mouth
D. Pupillary constriction - ANSWERS-C. Dry mouth
Rationale: Anticholinergic drugs commonly cause the adverse effects of
dry mouth, blurred vision, constipation, and urinary retention. They also
cause mydriasis (pupillary dilation).
The nurse working in a preoperative admitting unit administers an
anticholinergic medication to a patient before surgery. What is the
purpose of this drug in the preoperative setting?
A. Control the heart rate
B. Reduce oral and gastrointestinal secretions
C. Relax the patient
D. Reduce urinary frequency - ANSWERS-B. Reduce oral and
gastrointestinal secretions
END OF
PAGE
2
, ECPI NUR 138 LATEST
PHARMACOLOGY
EXAM 1
Rationale: Anticholinergic drugs are given preoperatively to control oral
and gastrointestinal secretions during surgery. The other options are
incorrect.
A patient has a new prescription for the transdermal form of
scopolamine. The nurse knows that this form of scopolamine is used for
which condition?
A. Hypertension
B. Motion sickness
C. Angina
D. Chronic pain - ANSWERS-B. Motion sickness
Rationale: Transdermal scopolamine (Transderm-Scop) is a patch that
can be applied just behind the ear 4 to 5 hours before travel for the
prevention of motion sickness. The other options are incorrect.
The patient is to receive oral guaifenesin (Mucinex) twice a day. Today,
the nurse was busy and gave the medication 2 hours after the scheduled
dose was due. What type of problem does this represent?
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PAGE
3
, ECPI NUR 138 LATEST
PHARMACOLOGY
EXAM 1
A. "Right route"
B. "Right medication"
C. "Right dose"
D. "Right time" - ANSWERS-D. "Right time"
Rationale: "Right time" is correct because the medication was given
more than 30 minutes after the scheduled dose was due. "Dose" is
incorrect because the dose is not related to the time the medication
administration is scheduled. "Route" is incorrect because the route is not
affected. "Medication" is incorrect because the medication ordered will
not change.
The nurse is administering parenteral drugs. Which statement is true
regarding parenteral drugs?
A. Parenteral drugs bypass the first-pass effect.
B. Absorption of parenteral drugs is affected by reduced blood flow to
the stomach.
END OF
PAGE
4
PHARMACOLOGY
EXAM 1
A patient has received an accidental overdose of intravenous atropine.
Which drug will the nurse prepare to administer?
A. Atenolol (Tenormin)
B. Dicyclomine (Bentyl)
C. Bethanechol (Urecholine)
D. Physostigmine (Antilirium) - ANSWERS-D. Physostigmine
(Antilirium)
Rationale: Physostigmine salicylate is the antidote to an atropine
overdose in patients who show extreme delirium or agitation and could
inflict injury to themselves. Its routine use as an antidote for cholinergic-
blocker overdose is controversial, however. The other options are
incorrect choices.
The nurse will monitor for which adverse effect when administering an
anticholinergic drug?
A. Excessive urination
END OF
PAGE
1
, ECPI NUR 138 LATEST
PHARMACOLOGY
EXAM 1
B. Diaphoresis
C. Dry mouth
D. Pupillary constriction - ANSWERS-C. Dry mouth
Rationale: Anticholinergic drugs commonly cause the adverse effects of
dry mouth, blurred vision, constipation, and urinary retention. They also
cause mydriasis (pupillary dilation).
The nurse working in a preoperative admitting unit administers an
anticholinergic medication to a patient before surgery. What is the
purpose of this drug in the preoperative setting?
A. Control the heart rate
B. Reduce oral and gastrointestinal secretions
C. Relax the patient
D. Reduce urinary frequency - ANSWERS-B. Reduce oral and
gastrointestinal secretions
END OF
PAGE
2
, ECPI NUR 138 LATEST
PHARMACOLOGY
EXAM 1
Rationale: Anticholinergic drugs are given preoperatively to control oral
and gastrointestinal secretions during surgery. The other options are
incorrect.
A patient has a new prescription for the transdermal form of
scopolamine. The nurse knows that this form of scopolamine is used for
which condition?
A. Hypertension
B. Motion sickness
C. Angina
D. Chronic pain - ANSWERS-B. Motion sickness
Rationale: Transdermal scopolamine (Transderm-Scop) is a patch that
can be applied just behind the ear 4 to 5 hours before travel for the
prevention of motion sickness. The other options are incorrect.
The patient is to receive oral guaifenesin (Mucinex) twice a day. Today,
the nurse was busy and gave the medication 2 hours after the scheduled
dose was due. What type of problem does this represent?
END OF
PAGE
3
, ECPI NUR 138 LATEST
PHARMACOLOGY
EXAM 1
A. "Right route"
B. "Right medication"
C. "Right dose"
D. "Right time" - ANSWERS-D. "Right time"
Rationale: "Right time" is correct because the medication was given
more than 30 minutes after the scheduled dose was due. "Dose" is
incorrect because the dose is not related to the time the medication
administration is scheduled. "Route" is incorrect because the route is not
affected. "Medication" is incorrect because the medication ordered will
not change.
The nurse is administering parenteral drugs. Which statement is true
regarding parenteral drugs?
A. Parenteral drugs bypass the first-pass effect.
B. Absorption of parenteral drugs is affected by reduced blood flow to
the stomach.
END OF
PAGE
4
