1|Page
WJEC Criminology Unit 4 2025/2026 |
Actual Questions With Correct Answers
What stages does a Bill go through on its way to becoming law?-correct-answer-
Bill may start either in the Commons or the Lords.
First reading
Second reading (debate and vote)
Committee Stage
Report Stage (Committee reports to the House)
Third reading (debate and vote)
All of the above repeated in the other House.
Royal Assent
The Bill then becomes an Act of Parliament.
Judicial Precedent-correct-answer-Law made by judges. When deciding cases,
judges must follow judgements in previous similar cases. Lower courts must follow
higher courts.
Example: Donoghue v Stevenson (1932): Mrs Donoghue suffered nervous shock
upon discovering a decomposed snail in her bottle of lemonade. The court
decided that the manufacturer of the lemonade owed a "duty of care" to Mrs
Donoghue.
,2|Page
Statutory Interpretation-correct-answer-Judges create law when they interpret
the wording of statutes.
Example: Whitely v Chappell (1868): The defendant was charged with the offence
of "impersonating any person entitled to vote". The defendant had pretended to
be a person not on the electoral register because the person had died. The court
held that the defendant was not guilty because dead people are not entitled to
vote.
What is the relationship between the following agencies of the criminal justice
system?
- Police
- The courts
- Crown Prosecution Service
- National Probation Service
- Government departments.-correct-answer-- Police: They work with the CPS to
bring prosecutions. Police officers often give evidence in court. They provide
protection for vulnerable witnesses.
- HM Courts and Tribunals Service: Judges create law through judicial precedent
and statutory interpretation. The prison service holds prisoners attending court
and arranges their transfer to and from prison.
, 3|Page
- Crown Prosecution Service: They advise the police on charging suspects. They
prepare the prosecution case.
- National Probation Service: They liaise with the police if a prisoner needs to be
recalled to prison. They oversee prisons who have been released on licence. They
supervise community sentences.
- Government departments. Ministry of Justice oversees the courts. The Home
Office oversees the police.
Due Process model of criminal justice-correct-answer-The justice system should
safeguard the rights of the individual to reduce the chance of wrongful conviction.
The justice system should be an obstacle course rather than a conveyer belt.
There should be a presumption of innocence.
How does the law support the due process model?-correct-answer-All interviews
are now recorded.
Suspects have a right to legal representation.
PACE (Police and Criminal Evidence Act)
WJEC Criminology Unit 4 2025/2026 |
Actual Questions With Correct Answers
What stages does a Bill go through on its way to becoming law?-correct-answer-
Bill may start either in the Commons or the Lords.
First reading
Second reading (debate and vote)
Committee Stage
Report Stage (Committee reports to the House)
Third reading (debate and vote)
All of the above repeated in the other House.
Royal Assent
The Bill then becomes an Act of Parliament.
Judicial Precedent-correct-answer-Law made by judges. When deciding cases,
judges must follow judgements in previous similar cases. Lower courts must follow
higher courts.
Example: Donoghue v Stevenson (1932): Mrs Donoghue suffered nervous shock
upon discovering a decomposed snail in her bottle of lemonade. The court
decided that the manufacturer of the lemonade owed a "duty of care" to Mrs
Donoghue.
,2|Page
Statutory Interpretation-correct-answer-Judges create law when they interpret
the wording of statutes.
Example: Whitely v Chappell (1868): The defendant was charged with the offence
of "impersonating any person entitled to vote". The defendant had pretended to
be a person not on the electoral register because the person had died. The court
held that the defendant was not guilty because dead people are not entitled to
vote.
What is the relationship between the following agencies of the criminal justice
system?
- Police
- The courts
- Crown Prosecution Service
- National Probation Service
- Government departments.-correct-answer-- Police: They work with the CPS to
bring prosecutions. Police officers often give evidence in court. They provide
protection for vulnerable witnesses.
- HM Courts and Tribunals Service: Judges create law through judicial precedent
and statutory interpretation. The prison service holds prisoners attending court
and arranges their transfer to and from prison.
, 3|Page
- Crown Prosecution Service: They advise the police on charging suspects. They
prepare the prosecution case.
- National Probation Service: They liaise with the police if a prisoner needs to be
recalled to prison. They oversee prisons who have been released on licence. They
supervise community sentences.
- Government departments. Ministry of Justice oversees the courts. The Home
Office oversees the police.
Due Process model of criminal justice-correct-answer-The justice system should
safeguard the rights of the individual to reduce the chance of wrongful conviction.
The justice system should be an obstacle course rather than a conveyer belt.
There should be a presumption of innocence.
How does the law support the due process model?-correct-answer-All interviews
are now recorded.
Suspects have a right to legal representation.
PACE (Police and Criminal Evidence Act)
