Wong’s Nursing Care of Infants and Children, 12th Edition —
Chapter 1: Perspectives of Pediatric Nursing.
Question Stem: A school nurse teaches injury-prevention to
parents of 4-year-olds. Which statement best reflects age-
appropriate primary prevention?
A. “Always use a rear-facing car seat.”
B. “Place gates at the top and bottom of stairs.”
C. “Keep syrup of ipecac in the medicine cabinet.”
D. “Store firearms unloaded and unlocked.”
Correct Answer: B
Rationales
Correct: Toddlers are mobile, curious, and lack judgment; safety
gates prevent falls, the leading cause of injury death in this age
group (Wong 12e, Ch 1, Injury Prevention).
A: Rear-facing seats are for infants <2 yr; 4-year-olds use
forward-facing or booster seats.
C: Ipecac is no longer recommended by AAP or CDC for
poisoning.
D: Firearms should be locked AND stored separately from
ammunition; “unloaded and unlocked” is unsafe.
Teaching Point: Match safety devices to developmental stage for
primary prevention.
2
Chapter & Subtopic: Chapter 1 – Infant Mortality
,Question Stem: The U.S. Healthy People 2030 target for infant
mortality is 5.0 per 1,000 live births. Which factor contributes
most to the current racial disparity?
A. Congenital anomalies
B. Sudden infant death syndrome
C. Preterm-related conditions
D. Unintentional injuries
Correct Answer: C
Rationales
Correct: Preterm birth and low birth weight account for >⅔ of
Black-White infant mortality gap (CDC 2022; Wong 12e, Ch 1,
Infant Mortality).
A, B, D: While important, they do not explain the largest portion
of disparity.
Teaching Point: Address preterm birth to reduce racial infant
mortality gap.
3
Chapter & Subtopic: Chapter 1 – Childhood Obesity & Type 2
Diabetes
Question Stem: A 10-year-old BMI ≥95th percentile has
acanthosis nigricans. Which laboratory result best supports
screening for type 2 diabetes?
A. LDL 135 mg/dL
B. HbA1c 6.2%
C. ALT 48 U/L
D. TSH 6.0 mIU/L
,Correct Answer: B
Rationales
Correct: HbA1c ≥5.7% indicates prediabetes; acanthosis +
obesity mandates screening (ADA 2023; Wong 12e, Ch 1,
Obesity & T2DM).
A: Dyslipidemia is comorbid but not diagnostic.
C: ALT elevation suggests NAFLD, not diabetes.
D: Hypothyroidism is separate endocrine issue.
Teaching Point: Use HbA1c to screen obese children for
diabetes.
4
Chapter & Subtopic: Chapter 1 – Adolescent Vaping Epidemic
Question Stem: An adolescent who vapes daily reports chest
tightness. Which finding warrants immediate referral?
A. Heart rate 98 beats/min
B. Oxygen saturation 89% on room air
C. Blood pressure 110/70 mmHg
D. Respiratory rate 18 breaths/min
Correct Answer: B
Rationales
Correct: Vaping-associated lung injury can precipitate
hypoxemia; O2 sat <92% signals significant impairment (CDC
2020; Wong 12e, Ch 1, Vaping).
A, C, D: Values are within normal adolescent ranges.
, Teaching Point: Hypoxemia in vapers signals potential lung
injury.
5
Chapter & Subtopic: Chapter 1 – COVID-19 & Mental Health
Question Stem: During a well visit, a 14-year-old girl reports
sleeping 10 h/night yet still feels fatigued. Which question best
screens for COVID-19-related depression?
A. “Do you have a cough?”
B. “Have you lost interest in favorite activities?”
C. “Are you washing hands frequently?”
D. “Have you received a flu shot?”
Correct Answer: B
Rationales
Correct: Anhedonia is a core DSM-5-TR symptom of major
depressive disorder increased during pandemic isolation (Wong
12e, Ch 1, Mental Health).
A, C, D: Focus on infection control, not mood.
Teaching Point: Screen teens for anhedonia to detect pandemic-
related depression.
6
Chapter & Subtopic: Chapter 1 – Philosophy of Care: Family-
Centered
Question Stem: A toddler with leukemia is hospitalized. Which
nursing action best exemplifies family-centered care?
A. Restrict visiting to parents only
Chapter 1: Perspectives of Pediatric Nursing.
Question Stem: A school nurse teaches injury-prevention to
parents of 4-year-olds. Which statement best reflects age-
appropriate primary prevention?
A. “Always use a rear-facing car seat.”
B. “Place gates at the top and bottom of stairs.”
C. “Keep syrup of ipecac in the medicine cabinet.”
D. “Store firearms unloaded and unlocked.”
Correct Answer: B
Rationales
Correct: Toddlers are mobile, curious, and lack judgment; safety
gates prevent falls, the leading cause of injury death in this age
group (Wong 12e, Ch 1, Injury Prevention).
A: Rear-facing seats are for infants <2 yr; 4-year-olds use
forward-facing or booster seats.
C: Ipecac is no longer recommended by AAP or CDC for
poisoning.
D: Firearms should be locked AND stored separately from
ammunition; “unloaded and unlocked” is unsafe.
Teaching Point: Match safety devices to developmental stage for
primary prevention.
2
Chapter & Subtopic: Chapter 1 – Infant Mortality
,Question Stem: The U.S. Healthy People 2030 target for infant
mortality is 5.0 per 1,000 live births. Which factor contributes
most to the current racial disparity?
A. Congenital anomalies
B. Sudden infant death syndrome
C. Preterm-related conditions
D. Unintentional injuries
Correct Answer: C
Rationales
Correct: Preterm birth and low birth weight account for >⅔ of
Black-White infant mortality gap (CDC 2022; Wong 12e, Ch 1,
Infant Mortality).
A, B, D: While important, they do not explain the largest portion
of disparity.
Teaching Point: Address preterm birth to reduce racial infant
mortality gap.
3
Chapter & Subtopic: Chapter 1 – Childhood Obesity & Type 2
Diabetes
Question Stem: A 10-year-old BMI ≥95th percentile has
acanthosis nigricans. Which laboratory result best supports
screening for type 2 diabetes?
A. LDL 135 mg/dL
B. HbA1c 6.2%
C. ALT 48 U/L
D. TSH 6.0 mIU/L
,Correct Answer: B
Rationales
Correct: HbA1c ≥5.7% indicates prediabetes; acanthosis +
obesity mandates screening (ADA 2023; Wong 12e, Ch 1,
Obesity & T2DM).
A: Dyslipidemia is comorbid but not diagnostic.
C: ALT elevation suggests NAFLD, not diabetes.
D: Hypothyroidism is separate endocrine issue.
Teaching Point: Use HbA1c to screen obese children for
diabetes.
4
Chapter & Subtopic: Chapter 1 – Adolescent Vaping Epidemic
Question Stem: An adolescent who vapes daily reports chest
tightness. Which finding warrants immediate referral?
A. Heart rate 98 beats/min
B. Oxygen saturation 89% on room air
C. Blood pressure 110/70 mmHg
D. Respiratory rate 18 breaths/min
Correct Answer: B
Rationales
Correct: Vaping-associated lung injury can precipitate
hypoxemia; O2 sat <92% signals significant impairment (CDC
2020; Wong 12e, Ch 1, Vaping).
A, C, D: Values are within normal adolescent ranges.
, Teaching Point: Hypoxemia in vapers signals potential lung
injury.
5
Chapter & Subtopic: Chapter 1 – COVID-19 & Mental Health
Question Stem: During a well visit, a 14-year-old girl reports
sleeping 10 h/night yet still feels fatigued. Which question best
screens for COVID-19-related depression?
A. “Do you have a cough?”
B. “Have you lost interest in favorite activities?”
C. “Are you washing hands frequently?”
D. “Have you received a flu shot?”
Correct Answer: B
Rationales
Correct: Anhedonia is a core DSM-5-TR symptom of major
depressive disorder increased during pandemic isolation (Wong
12e, Ch 1, Mental Health).
A, C, D: Focus on infection control, not mood.
Teaching Point: Screen teens for anhedonia to detect pandemic-
related depression.
6
Chapter & Subtopic: Chapter 1 – Philosophy of Care: Family-
Centered
Question Stem: A toddler with leukemia is hospitalized. Which
nursing action best exemplifies family-centered care?
A. Restrict visiting to parents only
