,
,CHAPTER1:MicrobialLife:Originand Discovery
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MULTIPLE CHOICE
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1. Virusesxare:
a. infectiousxagents that infect multi-cellular organisms st st st st
b. noncellular particles that take over the metabolismof acell to generate mor e vir
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usparticles
c. pathogens that replicate in complex growth media st st st st st st
d. cellular particles thatxbelongxto the archaea domain
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e. microbesxthat consistxof lipid membrane enclosed genomes st st st st st
ANS: B s t DIF: Easy REF: 1.1 s t TOP: I.A | I.B s t st st
MSC: Remembering
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2. Analysisxof DNA sequences reveals: st st st
a. the ancient convergence of two cell types, i.e., prokaryotes and euka ryo
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tes
b. prokaryotes and eukaryotesxevolved from a common ancestral cell st st st st st st st
c. thatxbacteria share common ancestor with archaea, but notxwith euk ary st st st st st st st st st
a
d. prokaryotes are cells with a nucleus st st st st st
e. the genome of Haemophilus influenzaexhas about 2 billion base pairs
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ANS: B s t DIF: Easy REF: 1.1 s t TOP: I.A | I.B s t st st
MSC: Remembering
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3. Which of these groups are considered to be microbes butxNOT considered toxbe cells?
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a. viruses d. protists
b. bacteria e. filamentousxfungi
c. archaea
ANS: A s t DIF: Easy REF: 1.1 s t TOP: I.A.i s t
MSC: Remembering
s t
4. A microbe is commonly defined as:
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a. a virus that requires a microscope to be seen
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b. a bacterium that requires a microscope to be seen
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c. a single- st
cellular prokaryote that requires a microscopexto be seen
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d. a multicellular eukaryote that requires a microscope to be se en
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e. a living organism that requires a microscope to bexseen
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ANS: E s t DIF: Easy REF: 1.1 s t TOP: I.A.i | I.A.ii st st st
MSC: Remembering
s t
5. Which one of the following statements regarding microbial cellsxisxNOT true?
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a. Microbial cells acquire food, gain energy toxbuild themselves, and respo nd
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to
environmental change. st
, b. Mostxsingle-
celled organisms requirexa microscope to render them visible, but some ba
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cterial cells arexlarge enough to bexseen with naked eyes.
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c. Microbes function as individual entities. st st st st
d. Many microbes form complex multicellular assemblages.
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e. Viruses are not considered asxmicrobial cells. st st st st st
ANS: C s t DIF: Easy REF: 1.1 s t TOP: I.A.i | I.A.ii st st st
MSC: Remembering
s t
6. Which of the following statements is FALSE?
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a. Axgenome is the total genetic information contained in an organism’s chromosomal DNA
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.
b. If a microbe’sxgenomexincludes genes for nitrogenase, that microbe probably can fix
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nitrogen.
c. BycomparingDNA sequences of different organisms, wexcanfigure outxhow closely rel
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ated they are. st st
d. Fred Sanger developed the firstxapplicable DNA sequencing method.
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e. Fred Sanger completed the sequences of Haemophilus influenzae.
st st st st st st st
ANS: E s t DIF: Easy REF: 1.1 s t TOP: I.B s t
MSC: Remembering
s t
7. The first cellular genomes to be sequenced were those of:
st st st st st st st st st
a. humans d. prions
b. bacteria e. fungi
c. viruses
ANS: B s t DIF: Easy REF: 1.1 s t TOP: I.B.i s t
MSC: Remembering
s t
8. The environment of early Earth may have contained all of the following EXCEPT:
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a. ferrous iron d. oxygen
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b. methane e. hydrogen gas st
c. ammonia
ANS: D s t DIF: Easy
REF: Special Topic 1.1TOP: II.D MS
st st st s t st
C: Remembering
st
9. The development of the theory of the ―RNA world‖ resulted fromthe discovery of:
st st st st st st st st st st st st st
a. archaea d. ribozymes
b. prions e. endosymbionts
c. bacteria
ANS: D s t DIF: Medium
REF: Special Topic 1.1TOP: II.D MS
st st st s t st
C: Remembering
st
10. Which microbes may resemble those of the earliest life forms?
st st st st st st st st st
a. archaea d. cyanobacteria
b. photosynthetic algae e. protists st
c. viruses
ANS: A s t DIF: Medium
REF: Special Topic 1.1TOP: II.D MS
st st st s t st
C: Remembering
st
11. Early metabolism may have been catalyzed by:
st st st st st st
a. DNA d. aminoxacids
,CHAPTER1:MicrobialLife:Originand Discovery
st st st st st st
MULTIPLE CHOICE
st
1. Virusesxare:
a. infectiousxagents that infect multi-cellular organisms st st st st
b. noncellular particles that take over the metabolismof acell to generate mor e vir
st st st st st st ts st st st st st st st
usparticles
c. pathogens that replicate in complex growth media st st st st st st
d. cellular particles thatxbelongxto the archaea domain
st st st st st
e. microbesxthat consistxof lipid membrane enclosed genomes st st st st st
ANS: B s t DIF: Easy REF: 1.1 s t TOP: I.A | I.B s t st st
MSC: Remembering
s t
2. Analysisxof DNA sequences reveals: st st st
a. the ancient convergence of two cell types, i.e., prokaryotes and euka ryo
st st st st st st st st st st st
tes
b. prokaryotes and eukaryotesxevolved from a common ancestral cell st st st st st st st
c. thatxbacteria share common ancestor with archaea, but notxwith euk ary st st st st st st st st st
a
d. prokaryotes are cells with a nucleus st st st st st
e. the genome of Haemophilus influenzaexhas about 2 billion base pairs
st st st st st st st st st
ANS: B s t DIF: Easy REF: 1.1 s t TOP: I.A | I.B s t st st
MSC: Remembering
s t
3. Which of these groups are considered to be microbes butxNOT considered toxbe cells?
st st st st st st st st st st st st
a. viruses d. protists
b. bacteria e. filamentousxfungi
c. archaea
ANS: A s t DIF: Easy REF: 1.1 s t TOP: I.A.i s t
MSC: Remembering
s t
4. A microbe is commonly defined as:
st st st st st
a. a virus that requires a microscope to be seen
st st st st st st st st
b. a bacterium that requires a microscope to be seen
st st st st st st st st
c. a single- st
cellular prokaryote that requires a microscopexto be seen
st st st st st st st
d. a multicellular eukaryote that requires a microscope to be se en
st st st st st st st st st st
e. a living organism that requires a microscope to bexseen
st st st st st st st st
ANS: E s t DIF: Easy REF: 1.1 s t TOP: I.A.i | I.A.ii st st st
MSC: Remembering
s t
5. Which one of the following statements regarding microbial cellsxisxNOT true?
st st st st st st st st st
a. Microbial cells acquire food, gain energy toxbuild themselves, and respo nd
st st st st st st st st st st st
to
environmental change. st
, b. Mostxsingle-
celled organisms requirexa microscope to render them visible, but some ba
st st st st st st st st st st
cterial cells arexlarge enough to bexseen with naked eyes.
st st st st st st st st
c. Microbes function as individual entities. st st st st
d. Many microbes form complex multicellular assemblages.
st st st st st
e. Viruses are not considered asxmicrobial cells. st st st st st
ANS: C s t DIF: Easy REF: 1.1 s t TOP: I.A.i | I.A.ii st st st
MSC: Remembering
s t
6. Which of the following statements is FALSE?
st st st st st st
a. Axgenome is the total genetic information contained in an organism’s chromosomal DNA
st st st st st st st st st st st
.
b. If a microbe’sxgenomexincludes genes for nitrogenase, that microbe probably can fix
st st st st st st st st st st
nitrogen.
c. BycomparingDNA sequences of different organisms, wexcanfigure outxhow closely rel
st st st st st st st st st st st
ated they are. st st
d. Fred Sanger developed the firstxapplicable DNA sequencing method.
st st st st st st st
e. Fred Sanger completed the sequences of Haemophilus influenzae.
st st st st st st st
ANS: E s t DIF: Easy REF: 1.1 s t TOP: I.B s t
MSC: Remembering
s t
7. The first cellular genomes to be sequenced were those of:
st st st st st st st st st
a. humans d. prions
b. bacteria e. fungi
c. viruses
ANS: B s t DIF: Easy REF: 1.1 s t TOP: I.B.i s t
MSC: Remembering
s t
8. The environment of early Earth may have contained all of the following EXCEPT:
st st st st st st st st st st st st
a. ferrous iron d. oxygen
st
b. methane e. hydrogen gas st
c. ammonia
ANS: D s t DIF: Easy
REF: Special Topic 1.1TOP: II.D MS
st st st s t st
C: Remembering
st
9. The development of the theory of the ―RNA world‖ resulted fromthe discovery of:
st st st st st st st st st st st st st
a. archaea d. ribozymes
b. prions e. endosymbionts
c. bacteria
ANS: D s t DIF: Medium
REF: Special Topic 1.1TOP: II.D MS
st st st s t st
C: Remembering
st
10. Which microbes may resemble those of the earliest life forms?
st st st st st st st st st
a. archaea d. cyanobacteria
b. photosynthetic algae e. protists st
c. viruses
ANS: A s t DIF: Medium
REF: Special Topic 1.1TOP: II.D MS
st st st s t st
C: Remembering
st
11. Early metabolism may have been catalyzed by:
st st st st st st
a. DNA d. aminoxacids
