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ONS/ONCC CHEMOTHERAPY
IMMUNOTHERAPY CERTIFICATE |
COMPREHENSIVE QUESTIONS WITH
SOLUTIONS
Cell-Mediated Immunity -correct-answer-Depends upon cytotoxic T cells and
helper T cells and their cyokinds
-more effective against antigens within cells
Regulatory T-cells AKA suppressor T-Cells -correct-answer-regulate the immune
response to prevent autoimmune reactions and limit inflammatory responses
T-Cell -correct-answer--Can only recognize antigens when they are presented to
them by "presenting cells"
-Recognize phagocytized fragments of an antigen that are put on the surface of
antigen-presenting cells
Helper T-Cells (CD4+) -correct-answer--help other T-Cells by secreting chemicals
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-Help B Cells to respond
-rapidly divide, in an effort to stay ahead of the antigen dividsion
-some will turn into effector cells, which secrete different kinds of cytokines
-respond similarly to B-Cells
Cytotoxic T-Cells (CD8+) -correct-answer--Directly kill cells for which they are
activated to kill
-rapidly divide, become mature cells, and start killing antigens
Cytokines -correct-answer--Secreted by lymphocytes
-Tasked with eliminating the antigen
-Multifunctional subsances having proinflammatory, anti-inflammatory, and
regulatory functions in the immune system
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Cytokines Include.. -correct-answer--Interferons (IFNs)
-Tumor necrosis factors
-Transforming GFs
-Interleukins (IL -1, -2, -3, -4, -6, -8, -10, and -15)
-These cytokines regulate antibody production and the functions of B and T cells
as well as interact with antigen-presenting cells and NKCs
Benign Tumors -correct-answer--encapsulated and grow in an orderly manner
with smooth edges
-Do not invade neighboring tissue
-DO not metastasize to distant sites
-the cells well differentiated in that they look like the parent cell
Characteristics of Cancer Cells -correct-answer--Malignant tumors are not
encapsulated
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-Cell structure is different from parent tissue (no as well differentiated)
-Cell division is uncontrolled
-Cells are loosely adherent without contact inhibition
-Cells are able to invade neighboring tissue
-Cells can migrate and metastasize to distant sites
-Can stimulate the development of new blood vessels to supply the tumor
(angiogenesis)
Proto-oncogene -correct-answer--regulate normal cell growth and division
-large family of genes that code for proteins and enzymes that turn on the cell cyle
Oncogene -correct-answer-when mistakes in copies of DNA can occur, if a
mutation occurs next to a proto-oncogene, it can "turn on" and become a ______
ONS/ONCC CHEMOTHERAPY
IMMUNOTHERAPY CERTIFICATE |
COMPREHENSIVE QUESTIONS WITH
SOLUTIONS
Cell-Mediated Immunity -correct-answer-Depends upon cytotoxic T cells and
helper T cells and their cyokinds
-more effective against antigens within cells
Regulatory T-cells AKA suppressor T-Cells -correct-answer-regulate the immune
response to prevent autoimmune reactions and limit inflammatory responses
T-Cell -correct-answer--Can only recognize antigens when they are presented to
them by "presenting cells"
-Recognize phagocytized fragments of an antigen that are put on the surface of
antigen-presenting cells
Helper T-Cells (CD4+) -correct-answer--help other T-Cells by secreting chemicals
,2|Page
-Help B Cells to respond
-rapidly divide, in an effort to stay ahead of the antigen dividsion
-some will turn into effector cells, which secrete different kinds of cytokines
-respond similarly to B-Cells
Cytotoxic T-Cells (CD8+) -correct-answer--Directly kill cells for which they are
activated to kill
-rapidly divide, become mature cells, and start killing antigens
Cytokines -correct-answer--Secreted by lymphocytes
-Tasked with eliminating the antigen
-Multifunctional subsances having proinflammatory, anti-inflammatory, and
regulatory functions in the immune system
,3|Page
Cytokines Include.. -correct-answer--Interferons (IFNs)
-Tumor necrosis factors
-Transforming GFs
-Interleukins (IL -1, -2, -3, -4, -6, -8, -10, and -15)
-These cytokines regulate antibody production and the functions of B and T cells
as well as interact with antigen-presenting cells and NKCs
Benign Tumors -correct-answer--encapsulated and grow in an orderly manner
with smooth edges
-Do not invade neighboring tissue
-DO not metastasize to distant sites
-the cells well differentiated in that they look like the parent cell
Characteristics of Cancer Cells -correct-answer--Malignant tumors are not
encapsulated
, 4|Page
-Cell structure is different from parent tissue (no as well differentiated)
-Cell division is uncontrolled
-Cells are loosely adherent without contact inhibition
-Cells are able to invade neighboring tissue
-Cells can migrate and metastasize to distant sites
-Can stimulate the development of new blood vessels to supply the tumor
(angiogenesis)
Proto-oncogene -correct-answer--regulate normal cell growth and division
-large family of genes that code for proteins and enzymes that turn on the cell cyle
Oncogene -correct-answer-when mistakes in copies of DNA can occur, if a
mutation occurs next to a proto-oncogene, it can "turn on" and become a ______
