NURS 2300 Final Exam 2025/2026 Exam
Questions and Correct Answers | New
Update
What is the concept of fluid and electrolyte balance? - 🧠 ANSWER
✔✔Regulating the extracellular fluid volume (in blood vessels), body fluid
osmolarity (sodium concentrations), and plasma concentrations of
electrolytes
What are the different types of fluid/electrolyte imbalances? (input vs
output) - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Adequate output but deficient intake or absorption
of fluid/nutrients (not consuming enough fluids leads to hypernatremia due
to increased electrolyte concentrations)
,Increased urinary output that is not balanced with an increased intake
(diarrhea increasing output of fluids/electrolytes, causing an ECV deficit
and osmolarity/electrolyte imbalances)
Output significantly less than excessive fluid intake (rapid IV fluid
administration, eating sodium and drinking excessive water that can lead to
excessive fluid volume before the kidneys can excrete the excess fluid and
salt)
Decreased output not balanced by a decreased intake (oliguria more likely
to develop excessive fluid volume and excessive electrolyte concentrations
unless intake is adjusted appropriately)
Populations at risk for disrupted fluid/electrolyte balance (Old vs Young) - 🧠
ANSWER ✔✔Infants are at a greater risk of developing fluid/electrolyte
imbalances due to:
-Increased metabolic rate
-Immature kidneys
-Rapid respiratory rate
,-Proportionally greater body/surface area than adults
The elderly are at an increased risk of fluid/electrolyte imbalances due to:
-Diminished thirst sensation
-Kidneys are less responsive to antidiuretic hormones to manage water
concentrations
-Impaired ability to conserve water`
What are some symptoms or red flags that would indicate a fluid/electrolyte
imbalance? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔The patient reports a history of:
-Vomiting
-Diarrhea
-Kidney/Heart/Liver failure
-Unexplained nausea, fatigue, dizziness, shortness of breath, muscle
cramping, edema, or sudden changes in weight
What diagnostic tests (lab values or other) that could be used to determine
a fluid and electrolyte imbalance? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Any direct
COPYRIGHT©PROFFKERRYMARTIN 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER: 619652435. TERMS OF USE.
PRIVACY STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
, measurement of serum levels, including the following results from a Basic
Metabolic Panel:
-Sodium
-Potassium
-Calcium
-Magnesium
An EKG can also be utilized to detect any cardiac dysrhythmias from hyper
or hypokalemia
What clinical or collaborative interventions would be used to treat disrupted
fluid and electrolyte balances? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Most treatment strategies
are specific to the underlying cause but often include:
-Water replacement therapy (oral or intravenous fluids)
-Electrolyte supplementation (sodium, potassium, magnesium, and
calcium)
-Diuretics to treat excessive fluid volume
-Monitoring fluid intake and output
Questions and Correct Answers | New
Update
What is the concept of fluid and electrolyte balance? - 🧠 ANSWER
✔✔Regulating the extracellular fluid volume (in blood vessels), body fluid
osmolarity (sodium concentrations), and plasma concentrations of
electrolytes
What are the different types of fluid/electrolyte imbalances? (input vs
output) - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Adequate output but deficient intake or absorption
of fluid/nutrients (not consuming enough fluids leads to hypernatremia due
to increased electrolyte concentrations)
,Increased urinary output that is not balanced with an increased intake
(diarrhea increasing output of fluids/electrolytes, causing an ECV deficit
and osmolarity/electrolyte imbalances)
Output significantly less than excessive fluid intake (rapid IV fluid
administration, eating sodium and drinking excessive water that can lead to
excessive fluid volume before the kidneys can excrete the excess fluid and
salt)
Decreased output not balanced by a decreased intake (oliguria more likely
to develop excessive fluid volume and excessive electrolyte concentrations
unless intake is adjusted appropriately)
Populations at risk for disrupted fluid/electrolyte balance (Old vs Young) - 🧠
ANSWER ✔✔Infants are at a greater risk of developing fluid/electrolyte
imbalances due to:
-Increased metabolic rate
-Immature kidneys
-Rapid respiratory rate
,-Proportionally greater body/surface area than adults
The elderly are at an increased risk of fluid/electrolyte imbalances due to:
-Diminished thirst sensation
-Kidneys are less responsive to antidiuretic hormones to manage water
concentrations
-Impaired ability to conserve water`
What are some symptoms or red flags that would indicate a fluid/electrolyte
imbalance? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔The patient reports a history of:
-Vomiting
-Diarrhea
-Kidney/Heart/Liver failure
-Unexplained nausea, fatigue, dizziness, shortness of breath, muscle
cramping, edema, or sudden changes in weight
What diagnostic tests (lab values or other) that could be used to determine
a fluid and electrolyte imbalance? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Any direct
COPYRIGHT©PROFFKERRYMARTIN 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER: 619652435. TERMS OF USE.
PRIVACY STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
, measurement of serum levels, including the following results from a Basic
Metabolic Panel:
-Sodium
-Potassium
-Calcium
-Magnesium
An EKG can also be utilized to detect any cardiac dysrhythmias from hyper
or hypokalemia
What clinical or collaborative interventions would be used to treat disrupted
fluid and electrolyte balances? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Most treatment strategies
are specific to the underlying cause but often include:
-Water replacement therapy (oral or intravenous fluids)
-Electrolyte supplementation (sodium, potassium, magnesium, and
calcium)
-Diuretics to treat excessive fluid volume
-Monitoring fluid intake and output
