GLPH 271 – Midterm Exam (Modules 1 & 2) with Complete
Questions and Answers – Graded A+
A Shift towards Disease ______________
- approximately 70% of deaths globally due to _______________
- greater need to focus on disease ___________ because most of the burden of
_________________ diseases is _______________ - ANS ✔Prevention
- non-communicable diseases
-non-communicable & preventable
The River Story - ANS ✔- saving people drifting downstream (stage 4 - tertiary prevention) walk
upstream to warn bystanders - keep walking upstream to find root cause of people falling into
the river
- it is a hole in the bridge - you put up signs warning people, you offer swimming lessons just in
case people do fall in (stage 2 primary prevention)
- finally you realize u have to repair the bridge (stage 2 primary prevention) - preventing people
from falling in the river (getting disease)
Disease Prevention and Stages - ANS ✔aims to minimize the incidence or effects of disease.
Preventative measures can be applied at any stage along the course of a disease, with the goal
of preventing further progression. There are 4 stages of prevention.
,1. Primordial
2. Primary
3. Secondary
4. Tertiary
Disease Prevention
Stage 1 : - ANS ✔Primordial Prevention
NO DISEASE
- Aims to prevent the development of risk factors of diseases by targeting the underlying
environmental and social conditions that might promote them
- Targets the underlying health determinants by modifying social policies to improve the health
of a population, for example, promoting a healthy lifestyle by establishing safe sidewalks and
public outdoor spaces/walking trails. Other examples include economic reforms, improving
childhood health through prenatal nutrition programs, and outlawing alcohol in certain
countries.
Disease Prevention
Stage 2: - ANS ✔Primary Prevention
NO DISEASE
- Identification and modification of risk factors (risk reduction) to prevent onset of disease
,- targets susceptible individuals and attempts to prevent disease development. It targets
exposures and risk factors for specific diseases as well as ways to increase immunity. For
example, GETTING VACCINATED.
Disease Prevention
Stage 3: - ANS ✔Secondary Prevention
ONSET OF DISEASE --> ASYMPTOMATIC DISEASE
- Early detection and treatment of disease before symptoms appear
- Involves early detection and treatment and treatment of disease
- for example, regular mammograms to detect and treat breast cancer, and regular
papanicolaou tests or "pap smear" (cervical screening used to detect precancerous and
cancerous growths in the cervix) and treat cervical cancer
Disease Prevention
Stage 4: - ANS ✔Tertiary Prevention
CLINICAL ONSET
CLINICAL COURSE
- Treatment of disease to stop its progression and control its negative consequences
- When a disease has developed and is in its clinical phase, tertiary prevention strategies help to
reduce the impact of the disease on the patient's function, survival, and quality of life. For
, example, patients that have had a myocardial infarction (heart attack) having cardiac
rehabilitation, and regular checkups afterwards.
Which stage of prevention is...
Treating your diabetes appropriately will help prevent complications. - ANS ✔Tertiary
Which stage of prevention is...
Regular exercise and healthy nutrition can prevent diabetes. - ANS ✔Primary
Which stage of prevention is...
Having your doctor test your glucose regularly will identify diabetes early before you have
symptoms. - ANS ✔Secondary
Which stage of prevention is...
At the policy level, Canada has endorsed the Canada food guide to healthy eating. - ANS
✔Primordial
The River Story: Which stage of prevention is...
Have a team downriver to catch and save the people who fall in before they drown. - ANS
✔Tertiary
The River Story: Which stage of prevention is...
Questions and Answers – Graded A+
A Shift towards Disease ______________
- approximately 70% of deaths globally due to _______________
- greater need to focus on disease ___________ because most of the burden of
_________________ diseases is _______________ - ANS ✔Prevention
- non-communicable diseases
-non-communicable & preventable
The River Story - ANS ✔- saving people drifting downstream (stage 4 - tertiary prevention) walk
upstream to warn bystanders - keep walking upstream to find root cause of people falling into
the river
- it is a hole in the bridge - you put up signs warning people, you offer swimming lessons just in
case people do fall in (stage 2 primary prevention)
- finally you realize u have to repair the bridge (stage 2 primary prevention) - preventing people
from falling in the river (getting disease)
Disease Prevention and Stages - ANS ✔aims to minimize the incidence or effects of disease.
Preventative measures can be applied at any stage along the course of a disease, with the goal
of preventing further progression. There are 4 stages of prevention.
,1. Primordial
2. Primary
3. Secondary
4. Tertiary
Disease Prevention
Stage 1 : - ANS ✔Primordial Prevention
NO DISEASE
- Aims to prevent the development of risk factors of diseases by targeting the underlying
environmental and social conditions that might promote them
- Targets the underlying health determinants by modifying social policies to improve the health
of a population, for example, promoting a healthy lifestyle by establishing safe sidewalks and
public outdoor spaces/walking trails. Other examples include economic reforms, improving
childhood health through prenatal nutrition programs, and outlawing alcohol in certain
countries.
Disease Prevention
Stage 2: - ANS ✔Primary Prevention
NO DISEASE
- Identification and modification of risk factors (risk reduction) to prevent onset of disease
,- targets susceptible individuals and attempts to prevent disease development. It targets
exposures and risk factors for specific diseases as well as ways to increase immunity. For
example, GETTING VACCINATED.
Disease Prevention
Stage 3: - ANS ✔Secondary Prevention
ONSET OF DISEASE --> ASYMPTOMATIC DISEASE
- Early detection and treatment of disease before symptoms appear
- Involves early detection and treatment and treatment of disease
- for example, regular mammograms to detect and treat breast cancer, and regular
papanicolaou tests or "pap smear" (cervical screening used to detect precancerous and
cancerous growths in the cervix) and treat cervical cancer
Disease Prevention
Stage 4: - ANS ✔Tertiary Prevention
CLINICAL ONSET
CLINICAL COURSE
- Treatment of disease to stop its progression and control its negative consequences
- When a disease has developed and is in its clinical phase, tertiary prevention strategies help to
reduce the impact of the disease on the patient's function, survival, and quality of life. For
, example, patients that have had a myocardial infarction (heart attack) having cardiac
rehabilitation, and regular checkups afterwards.
Which stage of prevention is...
Treating your diabetes appropriately will help prevent complications. - ANS ✔Tertiary
Which stage of prevention is...
Regular exercise and healthy nutrition can prevent diabetes. - ANS ✔Primary
Which stage of prevention is...
Having your doctor test your glucose regularly will identify diabetes early before you have
symptoms. - ANS ✔Secondary
Which stage of prevention is...
At the policy level, Canada has endorsed the Canada food guide to healthy eating. - ANS
✔Primordial
The River Story: Which stage of prevention is...
Have a team downriver to catch and save the people who fall in before they drown. - ANS
✔Tertiary
The River Story: Which stage of prevention is...
