PHIL 101 GRAHAM FINAL EXAM OLE
MISS QUESTIONS WITH 100% CORRECT
ANSWERS!!
1 of 53
Term
what is a relative proposition?
Give this one a try later!
One who develops and exercises his or her
rational capacity to a high degree.
, A relative proposition is one whose truth
depends on context or frame of reference. - "Steve is standing to the right
of Josh."
Act in such a way that you treat humanity never merely as a means to an end, but
always at the same time as an end."
treat people as ends not means
Aristotle's ethics (like his science) is teleological.
•From the Greek telos, meaning "goal" or "end"
•An explanation is teleological when it explains a phenomenon in terms of
its goals or purposes.
- "Grandmother, what big eyes you have!"
"The better to see you with, my dear."
Don't know?
2 of 53
Term
what is utilitarianism? where did its name come from?
Give this one a try later!
"The greatest good for the greatest number"
- Gets its name from the word "utility," an old- fashioned word for
"usefulness"; sometimes utilitarians talk about measuring good in units
called "utiles"
, An action is right or wrong
independent of anyone's say-so, even God's.
•Problem: Doesn't that limit God's power or sovereignty, if there is a standard
of rightness or goodness outside of God?
meta=after, signals aboutness, inquires about source of first order ethics
asks "Is there really a difference between right and wrong?
"where would the difference come from?"
the ethical subjectivist is saying that there are no true objective propositions in
ethics, only true subjective ones.
Don't know?
3 of 53
Term
what is one way you can answer the question (ethical realist way)?
and what is the problem if you answer that way?
Give this one a try later!
An action is right or wrong
independent of anyone's say-so, even God's.
• Problem: Doesn't that limit God's power or sovereignty, if there is
a standard of rightness or goodness outside of God?
Practical reasoning: everyday, means-end reasoning; "applied" inquiry (politics)
- Theoretical reasoning: seeking understanding for its own sake; "pure"
inquiry (philosophy, science, arts)
, Happiness = preference or desire satisfaction
"Preference utilitarianism": maximize degree to which people get their
preferences satisfied
A moral action must embody a maxim that is
universalizable:
"Act only according to that maxim whereby you can at the same time will that it
should become a universal law."
•(Kant thought moral laws are like scientific laws: universal and impersonal.) a
"maxim"?
- A principle of action
Don't know?
MISS QUESTIONS WITH 100% CORRECT
ANSWERS!!
1 of 53
Term
what is a relative proposition?
Give this one a try later!
One who develops and exercises his or her
rational capacity to a high degree.
, A relative proposition is one whose truth
depends on context or frame of reference. - "Steve is standing to the right
of Josh."
Act in such a way that you treat humanity never merely as a means to an end, but
always at the same time as an end."
treat people as ends not means
Aristotle's ethics (like his science) is teleological.
•From the Greek telos, meaning "goal" or "end"
•An explanation is teleological when it explains a phenomenon in terms of
its goals or purposes.
- "Grandmother, what big eyes you have!"
"The better to see you with, my dear."
Don't know?
2 of 53
Term
what is utilitarianism? where did its name come from?
Give this one a try later!
"The greatest good for the greatest number"
- Gets its name from the word "utility," an old- fashioned word for
"usefulness"; sometimes utilitarians talk about measuring good in units
called "utiles"
, An action is right or wrong
independent of anyone's say-so, even God's.
•Problem: Doesn't that limit God's power or sovereignty, if there is a standard
of rightness or goodness outside of God?
meta=after, signals aboutness, inquires about source of first order ethics
asks "Is there really a difference between right and wrong?
"where would the difference come from?"
the ethical subjectivist is saying that there are no true objective propositions in
ethics, only true subjective ones.
Don't know?
3 of 53
Term
what is one way you can answer the question (ethical realist way)?
and what is the problem if you answer that way?
Give this one a try later!
An action is right or wrong
independent of anyone's say-so, even God's.
• Problem: Doesn't that limit God's power or sovereignty, if there is
a standard of rightness or goodness outside of God?
Practical reasoning: everyday, means-end reasoning; "applied" inquiry (politics)
- Theoretical reasoning: seeking understanding for its own sake; "pure"
inquiry (philosophy, science, arts)
, Happiness = preference or desire satisfaction
"Preference utilitarianism": maximize degree to which people get their
preferences satisfied
A moral action must embody a maxim that is
universalizable:
"Act only according to that maxim whereby you can at the same time will that it
should become a universal law."
•(Kant thought moral laws are like scientific laws: universal and impersonal.) a
"maxim"?
- A principle of action
Don't know?
