NUR 305 Pathophysiology EXAM 1 - Ch. 2, 3, 5, 6, 9, 10, 11, 7, 8, 40) Questions and Verified Answers

NUR 305: Pathophysiology EXAM 1 - Ch.
2, 3, 5, 6, 9, 10, 11, 7, 8, 40) Questions and
Verified Answers
Defineacellularainjurya-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-cellsathatanoalongeramaintainahomeostasis
Causesaofacellularainjurya-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-hypoxicacellainjurya
Freearadicala
Physicalaagentsa
Chemicalainjurya
Infectiousaagentsa
Injuriousaimmoareactionsa
Geneticadefectsa
Nutritionalaimbalances
Changesathataoccuraduringacellularainjurya-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-
dysfunctionaofana+/K+apumpa
Lossaofaplasmaamembraneaintegritya
Defectsainaproteinasynthesisaabilitya
Intracellularaaccumulationsa
Geneticadamage
Dysfunctionaofana+/K+apumpa-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-
whenatheacellsaunableatoaproduceasufficientaatp,afunctionsaareareduceda
EX:afailureatoaactiveatransportamechanisms
Lossaofaplasmaamembraneaintegritya-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-
whenaaabreachaoccurs,ainjuriousaagentsacanaaffectaanyaofatheaorganelle
EX:awateracanaentera=Aswelling
EX:amitochondriaacanabeadamageda=astopaenergyaproduction
Defectsainaproteinasynthesisaabilitya-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-dwindlingaatp
EX:alackaofaproteinasynthesisa=acelladeath
Intracellularaaccumulationsa-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-
EX:aoccurawhenaliveraisaexposedatoalotsaofaalcohola
EX:A(environmental)aanthracosisa-acoalaminersalungadisease
Geneticadamagea-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-mutations
Atrophya-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-decreaseainacellasizea
Occursawhenatheacellsaenvironmentacannotasupportaitsametabolicarequirementsa
EX:ashrinkingaofaskeletalamuscleacellsa-Aparalysis
Hypertrophya-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-increaseainacellasizea
EX:aphysiologicahypertrophy:aincreaseainacellasizeawithaincreaseainasupportiveastructuresa-
astrengthatraininga

EX:apathologicalahypertrophy:aincreaseainacellasizeawithoutaincreaseainasupportiveastructur
esa-Ahypertension
Hyperplasiaa-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-increasingatheanumberaofacells
EX:apregnancya-astimulatedabyahormones

, EXA(mal):Ascars
Metaplasiaa-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-replacementaofaoneacellatypeaofaanotheracellatypea
EX:Astomach
Dysplasiaa-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-rangeaofacellularagrowthawinteraaaspecificatissuea
EX:achronicainflammationaofaprecancerousacondition
Neoplasiaa-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-newagrowtha&adisorganizedacellagrowtha=acancerousa
Canabeabenignaoramalignant
Twoatypesaofacelladeathsa-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-apoptosis
Necrosis
Apoptosisa-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-programedacelladeatha
EX:Amenopause
Necrosisa-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-celladeathabyainjurya
EX:astabadie
Interventionsaforacellainjurya-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-cadavera
Stemacell
Cellacloning
Ischemiaa-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-reducedabloodaflow
Gangrenea-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-deadatissueaforacertainatypesaofabacteria
Whataisatheanursesaroleainapreventingacellularainjury?A-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-
EX:atheanurse'saroleainacaringaforatheapatientawithaaahypoxicaoracellularainjuryaisamainlyafocu
sedaonamaintainingaproperabloodablowathroughoutabody,awhileaobservingasignsaofadeteriora
tion.
DNAA-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-
theadoubleahelicalastructureathatacanabeabrokenadownaintoanucleotides
Nucleotidea-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-
aacombinationaofapentoseasugaramolecules,Aphosphate,aandaaapurineaorapyrimidinea
(nitrogenabase:AA,AT,AG,AC)
Codonsa-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-theaarrangementaofathreeaspecificadnaabasis
Genealocusa-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-locationaonaaachromsome
Heterozygousaallelesa-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-differentacodesaforageneticatraits
Homozygousaallelesa-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-identicalacodesaforageneticatraits
Karyotypea-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-
refersatoaaapictureaofatheachromosomesaareacontainedawithatheadnaaofatheaspecies
Humana=A23
Genotypea-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-individualatechnicalageneticamakeaup
Phenotypea-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-
definedaasahowageneticatraitsamanifestathemselvesaanaindividual
Geneapenetrancea-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-
determinedabyawhetheratheadisordersasymptomsaareaclearlyaevident
Geneaexpressivitya-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-basedaonatheasymptomsaseverity
Genomicsa-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-
theastudyaofatheaorganismsamultipleagenesaandatheirainteractions
Pharmacogenomicsa-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-
theastudyaofahowagenesainfluenceaandaindividualsaresponseatoamedication