FLS WRITTEN EXAM WITH CORRECT
ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND CORRECTLY
WELL DEFINED ANSWERS LATEST
ALREADY GRADED A+ 2025 – 2026
what does coagulation mode do? - ANSWERS-rapid surface heating
with shallow depth of necrosis, intermittent wave form with higher
voltage
risks of monopolar - ANSWERS-current can be diverted through
unintentional pathways, leading to inadvertent tissue injury
- don't use hybrid ports that mix metal with plastic
why do you need a grounding pad for monopolar? - ANSWERS-
capacitative coupling - transfer of energy between two conductors
separated by insulator, transfer to passive electrode. can release
with tissue injury but no issue if ground plate working as capacitor -
can't store the charge
,benefits of bipolar energy - ANSWERS-lower energy, producing less
lateral tissue damage and necrosis
- DONT need a grounding pad
CO2 - ANSWERS-readily absorbed, easily eliminated
increase end tidal CO2, increase arterial CO2 concentration,
decrease serum pH, greatest change is seen in the first 20 minutes
nitric oxide - ANSWERS-less acid base issues, can be tolerated in
cardiopulmonary patients, slightly less postoperative pain
which has less light - 5 mm 30 degree lens or 10 mm 0 degree? -
ANSWERS-4 mm 30 degree
absolute contraindications to laparoscopy - ANSWERS-- unable to
tolerate laparotomy
- hypovolemic shock
- lack of surgeon training
- no support @ hospital
relative contraindications to laparoscopy - ANSWERS-- can't tolerate
general anesthesia
- long standing peritonitis
- large abdominal/pelvic mass
, - massive hernia
- severe cardiopulmonary disease
visceral artery aneurysm - ANSWERS-risk of injury w/ trocar
insertion
previous abdominal surgery scars can be an issue, may have
intraperitoneal adhesions
what is monopolar used for? - ANSWERS-small vessels
slow rate of bleeding
need a dry operative field
what is bipolar rused for? - ANSWERS-larger vessels
need a wet operative field
less lateral thermal spread
- not good for capillary vessels
gas embolus - ANSWERS-rare but can occur
seen less than 1 percent of the time
diagnose with severe hypotension, JVD, tachycardia, mill wheel
murmur
* need to rule out other sources of hypotension
ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND CORRECTLY
WELL DEFINED ANSWERS LATEST
ALREADY GRADED A+ 2025 – 2026
what does coagulation mode do? - ANSWERS-rapid surface heating
with shallow depth of necrosis, intermittent wave form with higher
voltage
risks of monopolar - ANSWERS-current can be diverted through
unintentional pathways, leading to inadvertent tissue injury
- don't use hybrid ports that mix metal with plastic
why do you need a grounding pad for monopolar? - ANSWERS-
capacitative coupling - transfer of energy between two conductors
separated by insulator, transfer to passive electrode. can release
with tissue injury but no issue if ground plate working as capacitor -
can't store the charge
,benefits of bipolar energy - ANSWERS-lower energy, producing less
lateral tissue damage and necrosis
- DONT need a grounding pad
CO2 - ANSWERS-readily absorbed, easily eliminated
increase end tidal CO2, increase arterial CO2 concentration,
decrease serum pH, greatest change is seen in the first 20 minutes
nitric oxide - ANSWERS-less acid base issues, can be tolerated in
cardiopulmonary patients, slightly less postoperative pain
which has less light - 5 mm 30 degree lens or 10 mm 0 degree? -
ANSWERS-4 mm 30 degree
absolute contraindications to laparoscopy - ANSWERS-- unable to
tolerate laparotomy
- hypovolemic shock
- lack of surgeon training
- no support @ hospital
relative contraindications to laparoscopy - ANSWERS-- can't tolerate
general anesthesia
- long standing peritonitis
- large abdominal/pelvic mass
, - massive hernia
- severe cardiopulmonary disease
visceral artery aneurysm - ANSWERS-risk of injury w/ trocar
insertion
previous abdominal surgery scars can be an issue, may have
intraperitoneal adhesions
what is monopolar used for? - ANSWERS-small vessels
slow rate of bleeding
need a dry operative field
what is bipolar rused for? - ANSWERS-larger vessels
need a wet operative field
less lateral thermal spread
- not good for capillary vessels
gas embolus - ANSWERS-rare but can occur
seen less than 1 percent of the time
diagnose with severe hypotension, JVD, tachycardia, mill wheel
murmur
* need to rule out other sources of hypotension
