Exam Questions and CORRECT Answers
Frame the Problem, Solving the Problem and Communicating Results are part of which decision
making model? - CORRECT ANSWER Davenport-Kim three-stage model
In which stage of the Davenport-Kim model is problem recognition? - CORRECT
ANSWER Framing the problem
In which stage of the Davenport-Kim model is data collection? - CORRECT
ANSWER Solving the problem
What is a key reason we study statistics? - CORRECT ANSWER To make informed
decisions
Visually presenting the data assists in which stage of the Davenport-Kim model? - CORRECT
ANSWER Communicating the results
When does research fail to produce reliable results? - CORRECT ANSWER Poor research
validity
What are the two major issues surrounding research standards? - CORRECT ANSWER Best
practices and ethics
In order to be a statistically valid sample, the sample must be: - CORRECT ANSWER The
appropriate size and random
Not selecting a random sample is what type of bias? - CORRECT ANSWER Measurement
Not selecting a right sized sample is what type of bias? - CORRECT ANSWER Measurement
, Research best practices eliminate... - CORRECT ANSWER Bias
Outliers create this type of error - CORRECT ANSWER Out-of Range
Unpredictable error - CORRECT ANSWER Random Error - No correlation
Error may occur from missing data. (Example: Space not filled in) - CORRECT
ANSWER Omission Error - Distorted results
This error repeats itself - CORRECT ANSWER Systematic Error - Skewed results
Observation points that are distant from other observations. - CORRECT ANSWER Outliers
Note: Can be included or excluded in analysis (causes skewness)
Types of Bias: Bias that occurs from not selecting a random sample - CORRECT
ANSWER Measurement bias
Types of Bias: Bias introduced because respondents believe it will be beneficial if selected. -
CORRECT ANSWER Conscious bias (key word: benefit)
Consistent and repeatable data - CORRECT ANSWER Reliable
Resulting from accurate measurements - CORRECT ANSWER Valid data
If a responder lies on their survey, this creates what type of bias? - CORRECT
ANSWER Information