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HBO-V | Anatomie & Fysiologie II | Samenvatting + oefenvragen + spiekkaart | 2025 | Han

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Dit document bevat een uitgebreide en actuele samenvatting van Anatomie & Fysiologie II voor studenten HBO-Verpleegkunde aan de HAN (Hogeschool van Arnhem en Nijmegen). Inhoud van dit document: 10-minuten overzicht met kernbegrippen Uitwerking van de hoofdstukken: Zenuwstelsel (centraal, perifeer, autonoom) Hormoonstelsel (hypothalamus-hypofyse-as, schildklier, bijnieren, pancreas) Immuunsysteem (aangeboren & verworven, antistoffen & antigenen) Huid (opbouw en functies) Zintuigen (oog, oor, smaak, reuk, tast) Voortplanting & zwangerschap 15 casusvragen met antwoorden zoals op het tentamen Spiekkaart met hormonen, immuunsysteem en kernbegrippen Aantal pagina’s: ± 30 Studiejaar: Jaar 1 HBO-V (propedeuse, blok 3–4) Tentamendata: eerste kans mei 2025, herkansing juni/juli 2025 Geschikt voor: studenten HBO-V aan de HAN, maar ook bruikbaar voor HvA, Saxion, Avans, Inholland en andere hogescholen. Met dit document ben je compleet en efficiënt voorbereid op het tentamen Anatomie & Fysiologie II.

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Uploaded on
August 31, 2025
Number of pages
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Written in
2025/2026
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HBO-V | Anatomie & Fysiologie II |
Samenvatting + schema’s + casusvragen
| 2025 |
HvA/HAN/Inholland

,Inhoudsopgave
In 10 minuten overzicht........................................................................................................................................ 4
Zenuwstelsel................................................................................................................................................. 4

Hormoonstelsel............................................................................................................................................ 4

Immuunsysteem.......................................................................................................................................... 4

Huid.................................................................................................................................................................. 5

Zintuigen......................................................................................................................................................... 5

Voortplanting & zwangerschap............................................................................................................. 5

Kernpunten om te onthouden....................................................................................................................... 5
Zenuwstelsel.............................................................................................................................................................. 7
Centraal zenuwstelsel....................................................................................................................................... 7
Perifeer zenuwstelsel........................................................................................................................................ 7
Autonoom zenuwstelsel................................................................................................................................... 8
Hormoonstelsel........................................................................................................................................................ 9
Hypothalamus-hypofyse-as............................................................................................................................ 9
Schildklier, bijnieren, pancreas..................................................................................................................... 9
Hormoonwerking............................................................................................................................................. 10
Immuunsysteem.................................................................................................................................................... 12
Aangeboren & verworven............................................................................................................................. 12
Antistoffen & antigenen................................................................................................................................. 12
Huid............................................................................................................................................................................ 14
Opbouw huid...................................................................................................................................................... 14
Functies huid...................................................................................................................................................... 14
Zintuigen................................................................................................................................................................... 16
Oog......................................................................................................................................................................... 16
Oor.......................................................................................................................................................................... 16
Smaak, reuk, tast............................................................................................................................................... 17
Voortplanting & zwangerschap....................................................................................................................... 18
Geslachtsorganen............................................................................................................................................. 18
Zwangerschap................................................................................................................................................... 18

,Casusvragen (15 stuks)...................................................................................................................................... 20
Zenuwstelsel............................................................................................................................................... 20

Hormoonstelsel......................................................................................................................................... 20

Immuunsysteem....................................................................................................................................... 20

Huid................................................................................................................................................................ 21

Zintuigen...................................................................................................................................................... 21

Voortplanting & zwangerschap.......................................................................................................... 21

Zenuwstelsel............................................................................................................................................... 22

Hormoonstelsel......................................................................................................................................... 22

Immuunsysteem....................................................................................................................................... 22

Huid................................................................................................................................................................ 22

Zintuigen...................................................................................................................................................... 22

Voortplanting & zwangerschap.......................................................................................................... 23

Spiekkaart: hormonen & immuunsysteem................................................................................................. 24
Belangrijkste hormoonklieren.................................................................................................................... 24
Hormoonwerking............................................................................................................................................. 24
Immuunsysteem – overzicht....................................................................................................................... 25
Immunoglobulinen (antistoffen)............................................................................................................... 25
Kernpunten tentamen.................................................................................................................................... 25

, In 10 minuten overzicht
Zenuwstelsel

 CZS (hersenen & ruggenmerg): verwerking van prikkels, coördinatie van
beweging en hogere functies (denken, geheugen).
 PZS (zenuwen): motorische zenuwen sturen spieren aan, sensibele zenuwen
voeren prikkels naar CZS.
 Autonoom zenuwstelsel (AZS): regelt onbewuste processen.
o Sympathisch → verhoogt hartslag, verwijdt pupillen, stimuleert afbraak
glycogeen, remt spijsvertering.
o Parasympathisch → verlaagt hartslag, stimuleert spijsvertering, herstel en
rust.
 Prikkelgeleiding: elektrisch (actiepotentiaal) langs axon, chemisch via
neurotransmitters in synaps.

Hormoonstelsel

 Hypothalamus-hypofyse-as: centrale regelaar; stuurt klieren aan (schildklier,
bijnieren, gonaden).
 Schildklier: produceert T3 en T4 → reguleert stofwisseling en groei.
 Bijnieren:
o Bijniermerg → adrenaline/noradrenaline (acute stressrespons).
o Bijnierschors → cortisol (stresshormoon), aldosteron (zout/waterbalans),
androgenen.
 Pancreas: insuline verlaagt bloedsuiker, glucagon verhoogt bloedsuiker.
 Feedbacksystemen: negatieve feedback is de standaard (bv. schildklierhormonen
die hypothalamus afremmen).

Immuunsysteem

 Aangeboren afweer (innate): direct actief; huid, slijmvliezen, fagocyten,
ontstekingsreactie.
 Verworven afweer (adaptief): trager maar specifiek.
o B-lymfocyten: maken antistoffen.
o T-lymfocyten: T-helpercellen (coördinatie), T-cytotoxisch (doden
geïnfecteerde cellen).
 Antigen vs antistof: antigen = lichaamsvreemd molecuul, antistof = eiwit dat
antigen herkent en neutraliseert.
 Geheugencellen: zorgen voor snellere en sterkere reactie bij hernieuwd contact
(vaccinatieprincipe).
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Welkom bij mijn winkel! Hier vind je uitgebreide en actuele samenvattingen, oefenvragen en spiekkaarten voor je opleiding (HvA, HAN, Inholland en andere hogescholen).

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