VATI PN FUNDAMENTALS EXAM
2025 NEWEST EXAM COMPLETE
70 QUESTIONS WITH DETAILED
VERIFIED ANSWERS AND
RATIONALES /ALREADY GRADED
A+
A nurse is reviewing a client's laboratory results. Which of
the following findings should the nurse report to the
charge nurse as a manifestation of infection?
➖ Neutrophils 80%
➖ Lymphocytes 30%
➖ Basophils 0.6%
➖ WBC count 6,000/mm³
1
,Answer: Neutrophils 80%.
Rationale: The nurse should identify that this laboratory
result is above the expected reference range of 55% to 70%.
The neutrophil proportion increases with acute infection
and decreases with viral infections.
Expected Reference Ranges
Neutrophils 55% - 70%.
Lymphocytes 20% - 40%.
Basophils 0.5% - 1.0%
WBC 5,000 - 10,000/mm³
A nurse is reviewing the laboratory results of a client who
has malnutrition and has been receiving total parenteral
nutrition (TPN). The nurse should identify that which of
the following laboratory values indicates the treatment
has been effective?
➖ Prealbumin 28 mg/dL
➖ Prothrombin time of 11 seconds
➖ Hematocrit 36%
➖ WBC count 7,000/mm³
Answer: Prealbumin 28 mg/dL.
2
,Rationale: A prealbumin level of 28 mg/dL is within the
expected reference range of 15 to 36 mg/dL and indicates
the client is receiving adequate nutrition. A prealbumin
level below 15 mg/dL indicates malnutrition.
Expected Reference Ranges
Prealbumin 15 - 36 mg/dL
Prothrombin time 11 - 12.5 seconds
Hematocrit 37% - 52%
WBC 5,000 - 10,000/mm³
A nurse is reinforcing dietary teaching with a client who is
receiving chemotherapy and has lost 6.8 kg (15 lbs.) since
beginning therapy. Which of the following client
statements indicates an understanding of the teaching?
➖ "I will heat my food and drinks before consuming
them."
➖ "I will eat three large meals each day."
➖ "I will replace water in recipes with whole milk."
➖ "I will eat a meal 1 hour before my chemotherapy
appointment."
Answer: "I will replace water in recipes with whole milk."
3
, Rationale: Clients receiving chemotherapy should replace
water with whole milk to increase caloric intake.
A nurse is contributing to the plan of care for a client who
follows a kosher diet. Which of the following dietary
interventions should the nurse expect to include in the
plan?
➖ Offer pork as a source of protein at least once per day.
➖ Restrict caffeinated beverages.
➖ Withhold foods that contain both meat and dairy
products.
➖ Provide shellfish as a meal option.
Answer: Withhold foods that contain both meat and dairy
products.
Rationale: The nurse should identify that kosher dietary
practices include restrictions about food preparation, such
as mixing milk and meat dishes.
A nurse is assisting with the plan of care for an older adult
client. When planning care, the nurse should consider that
which of the following is a common physiological change
that occurs with aging?
➖ Increased production of saliva
➖ Decreased subcutaneous fat
4
2025 NEWEST EXAM COMPLETE
70 QUESTIONS WITH DETAILED
VERIFIED ANSWERS AND
RATIONALES /ALREADY GRADED
A+
A nurse is reviewing a client's laboratory results. Which of
the following findings should the nurse report to the
charge nurse as a manifestation of infection?
➖ Neutrophils 80%
➖ Lymphocytes 30%
➖ Basophils 0.6%
➖ WBC count 6,000/mm³
1
,Answer: Neutrophils 80%.
Rationale: The nurse should identify that this laboratory
result is above the expected reference range of 55% to 70%.
The neutrophil proportion increases with acute infection
and decreases with viral infections.
Expected Reference Ranges
Neutrophils 55% - 70%.
Lymphocytes 20% - 40%.
Basophils 0.5% - 1.0%
WBC 5,000 - 10,000/mm³
A nurse is reviewing the laboratory results of a client who
has malnutrition and has been receiving total parenteral
nutrition (TPN). The nurse should identify that which of
the following laboratory values indicates the treatment
has been effective?
➖ Prealbumin 28 mg/dL
➖ Prothrombin time of 11 seconds
➖ Hematocrit 36%
➖ WBC count 7,000/mm³
Answer: Prealbumin 28 mg/dL.
2
,Rationale: A prealbumin level of 28 mg/dL is within the
expected reference range of 15 to 36 mg/dL and indicates
the client is receiving adequate nutrition. A prealbumin
level below 15 mg/dL indicates malnutrition.
Expected Reference Ranges
Prealbumin 15 - 36 mg/dL
Prothrombin time 11 - 12.5 seconds
Hematocrit 37% - 52%
WBC 5,000 - 10,000/mm³
A nurse is reinforcing dietary teaching with a client who is
receiving chemotherapy and has lost 6.8 kg (15 lbs.) since
beginning therapy. Which of the following client
statements indicates an understanding of the teaching?
➖ "I will heat my food and drinks before consuming
them."
➖ "I will eat three large meals each day."
➖ "I will replace water in recipes with whole milk."
➖ "I will eat a meal 1 hour before my chemotherapy
appointment."
Answer: "I will replace water in recipes with whole milk."
3
, Rationale: Clients receiving chemotherapy should replace
water with whole milk to increase caloric intake.
A nurse is contributing to the plan of care for a client who
follows a kosher diet. Which of the following dietary
interventions should the nurse expect to include in the
plan?
➖ Offer pork as a source of protein at least once per day.
➖ Restrict caffeinated beverages.
➖ Withhold foods that contain both meat and dairy
products.
➖ Provide shellfish as a meal option.
Answer: Withhold foods that contain both meat and dairy
products.
Rationale: The nurse should identify that kosher dietary
practices include restrictions about food preparation, such
as mixing milk and meat dishes.
A nurse is assisting with the plan of care for an older adult
client. When planning care, the nurse should consider that
which of the following is a common physiological change
that occurs with aging?
➖ Increased production of saliva
➖ Decreased subcutaneous fat
4
