HISTORY OF MEXICO: HIST 3106 EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS

HISTORY OF MEXICO: HIST 3106 EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS Maquiladoras - ANSWER-Established in 1960s; assembly plants along the US Mexico border; allowed European and American companies to own these plants; lots of women took jobs in the maq. But they were for men; eventually the factories were allowed to be moved; women were easier to control, had tinier hands, and would work for less; as women made more money, violence toward women increased. Bracero Program - ANSWER-Beginning of Bracero Program vf; contracted labor; first formally recognized guest worker program in US; could stay for 3 years; seasonal workers who were supposed to leave after but many didn't; living conditions for the workers weren't great; emergency farm labor program Ferdinand Maximilian - ANSWER-French appointed emperor; Ferdinand and his wife landed in Veracruz; From the beginning they were unwanted; US was upset; his wife knew they could never be loved in Mexico, suffered from early mental illness and was sent back to Europe, eventually put in a mad house; Alvaro Obregon - ANSWER-Constitutionalist; wanted to be president in 1920 elections; marched on Mexico City, shot Caranza and became president; President from ; more moderate; encouraged investment; hated the church, didn't believe in religion, but wanted everyone to get along; gave back most of the land he did give back as ejidos; wanted to run again after '28, was reelected but killed before he could take office, after this happened Mexico never allowed reelection to occur Francisco Madero - ANSWER-Head of Anti-Reelection party; arrested by Diaz but escaped prison, people rallied around him; became president in nov. 1911, changed very little, promised a lot but didn't come through; forced to resign in 1913, put in prison, shot Jose Vasconcelos - ANSWER-Obregon's education minister; set up lots of rural schools all over the country-taught skills like both reading and agriculture; classes could only be taught in Spanish; authorized the building of a lot of murals Mexico's Drug Wars - ANSWER-Drug wars have destroyed a lot of Mexico; as on 2013, 22K homicides in Mexico; 27K people have gone missing since 2006; Drug cartels change all the time, most of the groups are younger, more active and vicious, used to be run by families; four main cartels: Los Zetas, The Tijuana Cartel, The Gulf Cartel, Sinaloa Cartel; Zetas are most brutal- trained to be military police originally, decided they could make more money with drugs; Vicente Fox - ANSWER-President ; created a program to get rid of drug dealers and kidnappers but it was run by drug cartels; his election brought the final downfall of the PRI—he was PAN; it was a 'miracle' because it was done without bloodshed chief executive of coco-cola, governer, catholic; refused to nationalize oil; Zapatistas - ANSWER-biggest resistance to changes, but very popular at the ti