TEST BANK Understanding Pathophysiology 7th Edition By Huether, McCance & Brashers ,All Chapters

Chapter 1. Cellular Biology
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,MULTIPLE CHOICE xq




1. A student is observing a cell under the microscope. It is observed to have supercoiled D
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NA with histones. Which of the following would also be observed by the student?
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a. A single circular chromosome
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b. A nucleus xq




c. Free-floating nuclear material xq xq




d. No organelles xq




ANS: B xq




The cell described is a eukaryotic cell, so it has histones and a supercoiled DNA within its nuc
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leus; thus, the nucleus should be observed.
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A single circular chromosome is characteristic of prokaryotic cells, which do not have histones
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.

Free-
floating nuclear material describes a prokaryotic cell, which would not have a distinct nucleus.
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Eukaryotic cells have membrane bounded cellular components called organelles. No organelles
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describes a prokaryotic cell.
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2. A nurse is instructing the staff about cellular functions. Which cellular function is the nur
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se describing when an isolated cell absorbs oxygen and uses it to transform nutrients to en
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ergy?

a. Metabolic absorption xq




b. Communication
c. Secretion
d. Respiration

,ANS: D xq




The ability of the cell to absorb oxygen refers to the cells function of respiration.
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The ability of the cell to function within a society of cells refers to its function of communic
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ation.

The ability of the cell to take in nutrients refers to the cells function of metabolic absorption.
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The ability of the cell to synthesize new substances and secrete these elsewhere refers to the ce
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lls function of secretion.
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3. A eukaryotic cell is undergoing DNA replication. In which region of the cell would most
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of the genetic information be contained?
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a. Mitochondria
b. Ribosome
c. Nucleolus
d. Nucleus


ANS: C xq




The region of the cell that contains genetic material, including a large amount of ribonucleic
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acid, most of the DNA, and DNA-binding proteins, is the nucleolus.
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The mitochondria is the site of cellular respiration.
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The ribosomes are involved in manufacturing of proteins within the cell.
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The nucleus contains the nucleolus, and it is the nucleolus that contains genetic material.
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4. The fluid mosaic model for biologic membranes describes membrane behavior. According
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to this model, which of the following float singly or as aggregates in the fluid lipid bilayer?
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a. Peripheral membrane proteins xq xq




b. Integral membrane proteins
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, c. Glycoproteins
d. Cell adhesion molecules
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ANS: B xq




Integral membrane proteins float freely in the fluid lipid bilayer.
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Peripheral membrane proteins are not embedded in the layer, but reside at the surface. Glycopr
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oteins act as cell surface markers.
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Cell adhesion molecules are on the outside of the membrane and allow cells to hook together.
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5. Which of the following can bind to plasma membrane receptors?
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a. Oxygen
b. Ribosomes
c. Amphipathic lipids xq




d. Ligands


ANS: D xq




Ligands are specific molecules that can bind with receptors on the cell membrane. Ox
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ygen moves by diffusion; it does not bind to receptors.
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Ribosomes make proteins and are not involved in bindin
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g. Amphipathic lipids are a portion of the cell membran
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e.

6. A nurse is reviewing a report from a patient with metastatic cancer. What finding wou
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ld support the diagnosis of metastatic cancer? Alterations in extracellular matrix that incl
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ude:

a. Decreased fibronectin xq




b. Increased collagen xq




c. Decreased elastin xq