WISCONSIN PESTICIDE APPLICATOR TEST COMMERCIAL
CATEGORY 6.0 EXAM | QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS | VERIFIED AND
WELL DETAILED ANSWERS | EXAM ALREADY GRADED A+| LATEST
UPDATE
What determines whether a given plant is a weed? - CORRECT ANSWER- A
weed is any unwanted plant
What are the two main goals of weed management? - CORRECT ANSWER- The
primary goal is to minimize weed competition and the other main goal is to limit
the weed's reproduction in order to manage the weed population in years to come.
Distinguish grasses from broadleaf plants and herbaceous from woody plants -
CORRECT ANSWER- Grasses are considered monocots, meaning they have a
single seed leaf, they also have narrow leaves with parallel veins and a fibrous root
system. Broadleaf plants have two seed leaves and are therefore called dicots, they
have broad leaves with veins that form a net patterns. Broadleaf plants can be
further classified into herbaceous and woody, where the woody plants have a thick
layer of dense tissue called bark, which herbaceous plants lack.
Describe the life cycles and propagation of annual, biennial, and perennial plants -
CORRECT ANSWER- Annual plants live for less than a year, they produce many
seeds in one growing season, and then die. Summer annuals winter as seeds, and
winter annuals winter as a low-growing plant, both summer and winter annuals are
easiest to control when they are small. Biennial plants live for two growing
seasons, they germinate from seed in the spring or summer and winter as a rosette
of leaves. They flower in their second year, produce seeds and then die. Both
,annuals and biennials reproduce only by seed. Perennial plants live for at least 2
years and sometimes longer, they may reproduce by seed or vegetatively through
several different mechanisms.
What is needed to kill annual, biennial, and perennial weeds and when is it easiest
to do so? - CORRECT ANSWER- To kill annuals or biennials, you must kill the
whole shoot. Controlling these weeds with tillage or herbicides will kill them plus
stop seed production, which will reduce future weed problems. The most effective
way to kill perennials is to destroy the underground vegetative structures by either
repeatedly tilling the soil or by using a herbicide that translocates to destroy all of
the plant parts.
How should you time herbicide application with respect to a plant's life cycle and
which timing is most effective? - CORRECT ANSWER- All weeds may start as
seedlings and it is most effective to treat the plants at this stage because less energy
is required to kill the plants at this stage than at any other. Biennials and Annuals
are controlled by a fall or early spring treatment, and perennials are controlled best
with a fall treatment as well.
What are the effects of soil texture and organic matter content on application of
soil herbicides? - CORRECT ANSWER- Soil organic matter and clay particles
can adsorb soil-applied herbicides, meaning more herbicide will be required in
these types of soils because the herbicide will be bound to the soil particles and
will not be available to be absorbed by the weeds.
How do you keep soil herbicides from moving off target? - CORRECT
ANSWER- Do not apply herbicides to areas where they may leach into
groundwater, or run off into water sources or cropping areas. Also avoid applying
herbicides to areas where desired tree and shrub roots may extend and DO NOT
apply herbicides to frozen soils.
,How and when should you apply soil herbicides? - CORRECT ANSWER- Soil
treatments are commonly used when a site requires residual non-selective control,
such as electric transformer stations, rail ballasts and signpost bases. They can be
applied any time that the soil is not frozen, and some soil applied herbicides need
to be transported by rain to be absorbed by the plant.
When are foliar sprays appropriate and not appropriate? - CORRECT ANSWER-
Foliar sprays are not recommended for large brush because of the potential for
drift. Foliar sprays should be operated from the ground close to the plant and can
either be applied through broadcast or spot application.
What are the factors in timing a foliar spray? - CORRECT ANSWER- Foliar
treatments can be made from the time the leaves are fully expanded until they
begin to turn color in the fall, but are most effective when applied to fully
developed foliage of an actively growing plant. They should be applied at a
temperature between 60 and 80 degrees F, and should have adequate time to soak
into to plant, thus applying right before it rains is ineffective.
How are adjuvants used most effectively? - CORRECT ANSWER- Adjuvants
may be necessary to use for better absorption by foliage that is extremely waxy or
hairy.
What are the similarities and differences between foliar, cut-surface, and basal bark
applications? - CORRECT ANSWER- Foliar applications are put directly onto
the foliage of a growing plant. Basal bark applications are used to control shrubs,
canes and thickets or trees up to 5 inches in diameter and are applied to the lower
18 inches of the stems. Cut-surface treatments are used to control plants with thick
bark or when they have trunks larger than 5 inches in diameter at the base.
, Define and explain "pesticide". - CORRECT ANSWER- A pesticide is any
substance used to directly control pest populations or to prevent or reduce pest
damage. Pesticides can range from anything such as an insecticide to a herbicide to
a fungicide.
What is the difference between organic and inorganic? - CORRECT ANSWER-
Organic means the compound contains the element carbon, it does not mean it is
natural. Inorganic means that the it is derived from minerals that occur in nature.
What is the difference between the different types of pesticide names? -
CORRECT ANSWER- Chemical name: complies with accepted guidelines
established by chemists.
Common name: normally appear on the label before or above the chemical name
and refers to an active ingredient.
Trade name: the name given by the manufacturer, appears in large letters at the top
of the label
Compare selective and non-selective herbicides: - CORRECT ANSWER-
Selective herbicides only harm certain plants and leave others unharmed. Non-
selective herbicides are toxic to most or all plants.
What are the uses and characteristics of contact and systemic herbicides? -
CORRECT ANSWER- Contact herbicides do not move within the plant, they are
sprayed on and only kill the parts of the plant they actually touch. Systemic
herbicides are absorbed through leaves or roots and then mover or translocate
within the treated plant.
What are the effects and uses of plant growth regulators? - CORRECT
ANSWER- Plant growth regulators do not kill plants, but are used to increase,
CATEGORY 6.0 EXAM | QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS | VERIFIED AND
WELL DETAILED ANSWERS | EXAM ALREADY GRADED A+| LATEST
UPDATE
What determines whether a given plant is a weed? - CORRECT ANSWER- A
weed is any unwanted plant
What are the two main goals of weed management? - CORRECT ANSWER- The
primary goal is to minimize weed competition and the other main goal is to limit
the weed's reproduction in order to manage the weed population in years to come.
Distinguish grasses from broadleaf plants and herbaceous from woody plants -
CORRECT ANSWER- Grasses are considered monocots, meaning they have a
single seed leaf, they also have narrow leaves with parallel veins and a fibrous root
system. Broadleaf plants have two seed leaves and are therefore called dicots, they
have broad leaves with veins that form a net patterns. Broadleaf plants can be
further classified into herbaceous and woody, where the woody plants have a thick
layer of dense tissue called bark, which herbaceous plants lack.
Describe the life cycles and propagation of annual, biennial, and perennial plants -
CORRECT ANSWER- Annual plants live for less than a year, they produce many
seeds in one growing season, and then die. Summer annuals winter as seeds, and
winter annuals winter as a low-growing plant, both summer and winter annuals are
easiest to control when they are small. Biennial plants live for two growing
seasons, they germinate from seed in the spring or summer and winter as a rosette
of leaves. They flower in their second year, produce seeds and then die. Both
,annuals and biennials reproduce only by seed. Perennial plants live for at least 2
years and sometimes longer, they may reproduce by seed or vegetatively through
several different mechanisms.
What is needed to kill annual, biennial, and perennial weeds and when is it easiest
to do so? - CORRECT ANSWER- To kill annuals or biennials, you must kill the
whole shoot. Controlling these weeds with tillage or herbicides will kill them plus
stop seed production, which will reduce future weed problems. The most effective
way to kill perennials is to destroy the underground vegetative structures by either
repeatedly tilling the soil or by using a herbicide that translocates to destroy all of
the plant parts.
How should you time herbicide application with respect to a plant's life cycle and
which timing is most effective? - CORRECT ANSWER- All weeds may start as
seedlings and it is most effective to treat the plants at this stage because less energy
is required to kill the plants at this stage than at any other. Biennials and Annuals
are controlled by a fall or early spring treatment, and perennials are controlled best
with a fall treatment as well.
What are the effects of soil texture and organic matter content on application of
soil herbicides? - CORRECT ANSWER- Soil organic matter and clay particles
can adsorb soil-applied herbicides, meaning more herbicide will be required in
these types of soils because the herbicide will be bound to the soil particles and
will not be available to be absorbed by the weeds.
How do you keep soil herbicides from moving off target? - CORRECT
ANSWER- Do not apply herbicides to areas where they may leach into
groundwater, or run off into water sources or cropping areas. Also avoid applying
herbicides to areas where desired tree and shrub roots may extend and DO NOT
apply herbicides to frozen soils.
,How and when should you apply soil herbicides? - CORRECT ANSWER- Soil
treatments are commonly used when a site requires residual non-selective control,
such as electric transformer stations, rail ballasts and signpost bases. They can be
applied any time that the soil is not frozen, and some soil applied herbicides need
to be transported by rain to be absorbed by the plant.
When are foliar sprays appropriate and not appropriate? - CORRECT ANSWER-
Foliar sprays are not recommended for large brush because of the potential for
drift. Foliar sprays should be operated from the ground close to the plant and can
either be applied through broadcast or spot application.
What are the factors in timing a foliar spray? - CORRECT ANSWER- Foliar
treatments can be made from the time the leaves are fully expanded until they
begin to turn color in the fall, but are most effective when applied to fully
developed foliage of an actively growing plant. They should be applied at a
temperature between 60 and 80 degrees F, and should have adequate time to soak
into to plant, thus applying right before it rains is ineffective.
How are adjuvants used most effectively? - CORRECT ANSWER- Adjuvants
may be necessary to use for better absorption by foliage that is extremely waxy or
hairy.
What are the similarities and differences between foliar, cut-surface, and basal bark
applications? - CORRECT ANSWER- Foliar applications are put directly onto
the foliage of a growing plant. Basal bark applications are used to control shrubs,
canes and thickets or trees up to 5 inches in diameter and are applied to the lower
18 inches of the stems. Cut-surface treatments are used to control plants with thick
bark or when they have trunks larger than 5 inches in diameter at the base.
, Define and explain "pesticide". - CORRECT ANSWER- A pesticide is any
substance used to directly control pest populations or to prevent or reduce pest
damage. Pesticides can range from anything such as an insecticide to a herbicide to
a fungicide.
What is the difference between organic and inorganic? - CORRECT ANSWER-
Organic means the compound contains the element carbon, it does not mean it is
natural. Inorganic means that the it is derived from minerals that occur in nature.
What is the difference between the different types of pesticide names? -
CORRECT ANSWER- Chemical name: complies with accepted guidelines
established by chemists.
Common name: normally appear on the label before or above the chemical name
and refers to an active ingredient.
Trade name: the name given by the manufacturer, appears in large letters at the top
of the label
Compare selective and non-selective herbicides: - CORRECT ANSWER-
Selective herbicides only harm certain plants and leave others unharmed. Non-
selective herbicides are toxic to most or all plants.
What are the uses and characteristics of contact and systemic herbicides? -
CORRECT ANSWER- Contact herbicides do not move within the plant, they are
sprayed on and only kill the parts of the plant they actually touch. Systemic
herbicides are absorbed through leaves or roots and then mover or translocate
within the treated plant.
What are the effects and uses of plant growth regulators? - CORRECT
ANSWER- Plant growth regulators do not kill plants, but are used to increase,
