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Lynne, age 72, presents for the first time with her daughter. Her daughter describes
some recent disturbing facts about her mother. How can you differentiate between
depression and dementia?
A. You might be able to pinpoint the onset of dementia, but the onset of depression is
difficult to identify.
B. A depressed person has wide mood swings, whereas a person with dementia
demonstrates apathetic behavior.
C. The person with dementia tries to hide problems concerning his or her memory,
whereas the person with depression complains about memory.
D. The person with dementia has a poor self-image, whereas the person with
depression does not have a change in self-image. - KEY TERM C. The person with
dementia tries to hide problems concerning his or her memory, whereas the person with
depression complains about memory.
Mark, age 29, tells you that he has thought about suicide. Which should you say next?
A. "How long have you felt this way?"
B. "Tell me more about it."
C. "Do you have a plan?"
D. "Have you told anyone else?" - KEY TERM C. "Do you have a plan?"
You assess for cogwheel rigidity in Sophia, age 76. What is cogwheel rigidity a
manifestation of?
,A. Alzheimer's disease
B. Parkinson's disease
C. Brain attack
D. Degenerative joint disease - KEY TERM B. Parkinson's disease
During a mental status examination, which question would be the most helpful to assess
remote memory?
A. "How long have you been here?"
B. "What time did you get here today?"
C. "What did you eat for breakfast?"
D. "What was your mother's maiden name?" - KEY TERM D. "What was your mother's
maiden name?"
Urine drug screening tests, often performed in the workplace, are frequently effective in
finding a person who smokes marijuana, because a urine test will be positive for
marijuana for up to how long after a person stops smoking the drug?
A. 24 hours
B. 1 week
C. 2 weeks
D. 30 days - KEY TERM D. 30 days
Which of the following gaits in older adults includes brusque movements of the legs and
stamping of the feet?
A. Gait of sensory ataxia
B. Parkinsonian gait
C. Antalgic gait
D. Cerebellar gait - KEY TERM A. Gait of sensory ataxia
Don, age 62, calls to complain of a severe headache. Which of his following statements
most concerns you?
A. "It hurts when I turn my head a specific way."
B. "It's the worst headache I've ever had."
C. "Nothing I do seems to help this constant ache."
D. "I'm so worried. Can you do a CT scan?" - KEY TERM B. "It's the worst headache
I've ever had."
The typical perpetrator in a domestic violence situation is one who:
A. Has a history of being a victim of abuse.
B. Has a criminal record.
C. Is involved in a new relationship.
,D. Is on a lower socioeconomic scale. - KEY TERM A. Has a history of being a victim of
abuse.
Clients with senile dementia of the Alzheimer's type often die of:
A. Pneumonia.
B. Suicide.
C. Pressure sores.
D. Malnutrition. - KEY TERM A. Pneumonia.
Bob, age 49, is complaining of recurrent, intrusive dreams since returning from his
Marine combat training. You suspect:
A. Depersonalization.
B. Schizophrenia.
C. Post-traumatic stress disorder.
D. Anxiety. - KEY TERM C. Post-traumatic stress disorder.
Sarah comes into the office with a severe headache, fever, delirium, nausea, vomiting,
and a stiff neck. Which physical maneuver will you perform to help determine a
diagnosis?
A. Kernig's sign
B. Hoover's sign
C. Hoffman's sign
D. Babinski's reflex - KEY TERM A. Kernig's sign
What is the main overall goal of therapy for the client with Parkinson's disease?
A. To halt the progression of the disease
B. To keep the client functioning independently as long as possible
C. To control the symptoms of the disease
D. To ease the depression associated with the disease - KEY TERM B. To keep the
client functioning independently as long as possible
What is the most common cause of cerebellar disease?
A. Hypothyroidism
B. Use of drugs such as 5-fluorouracil or phenytoin
C. Cerebellar neoplasm
D. Alcoholism - KEY TERM D. Alcoholism
Dave, age 76, is brought in by his wife who states that within the past 2 days, Dave has
become agitated and restless, had few lucid moments, slept very poorly last night, and
can remember only recent events. Of the following differential diagnoses, which seems
the most logical from this brief history?
, A. Depression
B. Dementia
C. Delirium
D. Schizophrenia - KEY TERM C. Delirium
You are performing some neurological assessment tests on Daniel. When you ask
Daniel to lie supine and flex his head to his chest, what are you assessing?
A. Brudzinski's sign
B. Kernig's sign.
C. Decorticate posturing
D. Decerebrate posturing - KEY TERM A. Brudzinski's sign
Which of the following cardiac drugs is used to treat migraine headaches?
A. Beta blockers
B. Nitrates
C. Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors
D. Alpha-adrenergic blockers - KEY TERM A. Beta blockers
Which seizure type involves alteration of consciousness?
A. Myoclonic seizures
B. Absence seizures
C. Clonic seizures
D. Atonic seizures - KEY TERM B. Absence seizures
The older adult with delirium would present with which of the following behaviors?
A. Fatigue, apathy, and occasional agitation
B. Agitation, apathy, and wandering behavior
C. Agitation and restlessness
D. Slowness and absence of purpose - KEY TERM C. Agitation and restlessness
What does a carotid bruit heard on auscultation indicate?
A. A normal finding in adults recovering from a carotid endarterectomy
B. An evolving embolus
C. A narrowing of the carotid artery because of atherosclerosis of the vessel
D. A complete occlusion of the carotid artery - KEY TERM C. A narrowing of the carotid
artery because of atherosclerosis of the vessel
Which appropriate test for the initial assessment of Alzheimer's disease provides
performance ratings on 10 complex, higher-order activities?
A. MMSE