Page 1 of 26
RELIAS Fetal Heart Monitoring Exam 2025 –
Latest Complete Update with All Real Exam
Questions and 100% Correct Verified A+
Answers, Fully Solved with Detailed
Explanations and Expert-Reviewed Solutions for
Guaranteed Success in Fetal Monitoring
Certification
,Page 2 of 26
uterine blood supply
- uterine arteries deliver oxygenated blood to spiral arteries which
bring oxygen rich blood to intervillous space of placenta that has
fetal capillaries
- fetal capillaries carry the O2 rich blood to umbilical VEIN that
goes to fetus
-in contrast, the umbilical ARTERIES return waste products to that
intervillous space that go into mother's venous system
Potential issues that negatively affect fetal oxygenation Maternal
Oxygenation: asthma, hyper- or hypo- ventilation
Maternal Circulation: decreased maternal cardiac output, hypotension,
decreased Hgb
Placental O2 and CO2 Exchange: postterm, abruption, HTN,
hypotension, uterine tachysystole
Fetal circulation: cord compression or occlusion
, Page 3 of 26
Fetal hypoxemia
- can occur d/t reduced fetal O2 reserves, excessive uterine activity,
or reduced uteroplacental blood flow
- worsening fetal hypoxemia can lead to abnormal FHR patterns,
mostly minimal or absent variability from acidemia
(1) hypoxemia vs. (2) hypoxia
1 - reduce O2 in blood
2 - reduced O2 delivery at tissue level
Fetal anaerobic metabolism
- occurs when long term O2 delivery is insufficient to meet cellular
needs of tissues
- results in production of lactic acid and other noncarbonic acids
- ACIDOSIS is the presence of excessive acids in tissues
acidosis pH below
7.35 pH is low
(acidosis is the process that leads to low blood pH, or acidemia)
RELIAS Fetal Heart Monitoring Exam 2025 –
Latest Complete Update with All Real Exam
Questions and 100% Correct Verified A+
Answers, Fully Solved with Detailed
Explanations and Expert-Reviewed Solutions for
Guaranteed Success in Fetal Monitoring
Certification
,Page 2 of 26
uterine blood supply
- uterine arteries deliver oxygenated blood to spiral arteries which
bring oxygen rich blood to intervillous space of placenta that has
fetal capillaries
- fetal capillaries carry the O2 rich blood to umbilical VEIN that
goes to fetus
-in contrast, the umbilical ARTERIES return waste products to that
intervillous space that go into mother's venous system
Potential issues that negatively affect fetal oxygenation Maternal
Oxygenation: asthma, hyper- or hypo- ventilation
Maternal Circulation: decreased maternal cardiac output, hypotension,
decreased Hgb
Placental O2 and CO2 Exchange: postterm, abruption, HTN,
hypotension, uterine tachysystole
Fetal circulation: cord compression or occlusion
, Page 3 of 26
Fetal hypoxemia
- can occur d/t reduced fetal O2 reserves, excessive uterine activity,
or reduced uteroplacental blood flow
- worsening fetal hypoxemia can lead to abnormal FHR patterns,
mostly minimal or absent variability from acidemia
(1) hypoxemia vs. (2) hypoxia
1 - reduce O2 in blood
2 - reduced O2 delivery at tissue level
Fetal anaerobic metabolism
- occurs when long term O2 delivery is insufficient to meet cellular
needs of tissues
- results in production of lactic acid and other noncarbonic acids
- ACIDOSIS is the presence of excessive acids in tissues
acidosis pH below
7.35 pH is low
(acidosis is the process that leads to low blood pH, or acidemia)
