NUR 436 Midterm Exam Questions With
Correct Answers
Focused assessment of children and adults related to circulation, airway, breathing. (ABC) -
CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Respirations: rate, depth, ease, labored breathing, rhythm
Assume tripod position, position child so that secretions drain, provide humidified oxygen
P wave - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-- the atria contracting
- slow calcium channels used in the SA node
P-R interval - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-0.12-0.2 seconds
- the signal goes from the AV node to bundle of His
- From the beginning of the p wave to the beginning of the QRS complex
QRS complex - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-ventricular depolarization
- fast acting sodium channels <0.10
QT interval - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-should be <0.44
T wave - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-repolarization of the ventricles
SA Node - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-the Pacemaker
,- Another method is to count the number of small squares between one R-R interval -> Divide
this number into 1500 to get the HR
Artifact - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-a distortion of the baseline and waveforms seen on the ECG
Normal Sinus rhythm - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-60-100 bpm
Sinus brady - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-< 60 bpm
Sinus tachy - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-101-200 bpm
SA node and atria - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-60-100 bpm
AV node and Bundle of His - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-40-60 bpm
Bundle branches and Purkinje Fibers - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-20-40 bpm
Premature atrial contractions - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-random early P wave that triggers a QRS
complex
Supraventricular Tachycardia (SVT) - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-any ectopic focus above the bundle
of His, prolonged will cause a decreased CO because the HR is > 180 bpm
- Vagal manuvers
- carotid massage
- coughing
- Adenosine
- synchronized cardioversion
,Atrial flutter - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-F waves look like spikes, SAWTOOTH, slow ventricular
response by slowing down the atria
- want to induce an AV block through calcium channel blockers and Beta blockers
Atrial Fib - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-looks like chaos, most common type of dysrhythmia,
decreased CO and cause clots (emboli)
- Ca Blockers
- B Blockers
- Digoxin
- Coumadin (Warfarin)
- electrical cardio version to convert back to normal sinus rhythm
- AV node ablation
- permanent ventricular pacing
Junctional Rhythm - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-AV node to the bundle of His known as the AV
junction
- They result because the SA node fails to fire or the signal is blocked
- When this occurs, the AV node becomes the pacemaker of the heart
- Bradycardia
- this produces an abnormal P wave that occurs just before or after the QRS complex or that is
hidden in the QRS complex
- The impulse usually moves normally through the ventricles
- The P wave is abnormal in shape and inverted, or it may be hidden in the QRS complex
- Short PR interval
First Degree Heart Block - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-the PR interval is prolonged but it is consistent
in length and there is always a QRS complex after
, - Not serious, can be asx, no treatment
Second Degree AV Block Type one (Wenckebach) - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-longer longer drop
- bradycardia
- Atropine to speed up HR
- pacemaker
Second Degree AV Block Type Two (Mobitz) - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Randomly dropped QRS
complex but there is still a P wave
- poor prognosis and progresses to Third Degree block normally
- do not use Atropine
- pacing
Third Degree AV Block - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-no relationship between the P wave and QRS
complex
- Do not use Atropine
- not effective
- need pacemaker as soon as possible.
- Transcutaneous pacing
Ventricular Tachycardia - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-looks like a bunch of Vs
- Torsades de Pointes
- Three or more PVCs
VTACH W/O PULSE - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-CPR and defibrillation
Ventricular Fibrillation - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-*your child is trying to write cursive
Correct Answers
Focused assessment of children and adults related to circulation, airway, breathing. (ABC) -
CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Respirations: rate, depth, ease, labored breathing, rhythm
Assume tripod position, position child so that secretions drain, provide humidified oxygen
P wave - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-- the atria contracting
- slow calcium channels used in the SA node
P-R interval - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-0.12-0.2 seconds
- the signal goes from the AV node to bundle of His
- From the beginning of the p wave to the beginning of the QRS complex
QRS complex - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-ventricular depolarization
- fast acting sodium channels <0.10
QT interval - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-should be <0.44
T wave - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-repolarization of the ventricles
SA Node - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-the Pacemaker
,- Another method is to count the number of small squares between one R-R interval -> Divide
this number into 1500 to get the HR
Artifact - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-a distortion of the baseline and waveforms seen on the ECG
Normal Sinus rhythm - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-60-100 bpm
Sinus brady - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-< 60 bpm
Sinus tachy - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-101-200 bpm
SA node and atria - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-60-100 bpm
AV node and Bundle of His - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-40-60 bpm
Bundle branches and Purkinje Fibers - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-20-40 bpm
Premature atrial contractions - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-random early P wave that triggers a QRS
complex
Supraventricular Tachycardia (SVT) - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-any ectopic focus above the bundle
of His, prolonged will cause a decreased CO because the HR is > 180 bpm
- Vagal manuvers
- carotid massage
- coughing
- Adenosine
- synchronized cardioversion
,Atrial flutter - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-F waves look like spikes, SAWTOOTH, slow ventricular
response by slowing down the atria
- want to induce an AV block through calcium channel blockers and Beta blockers
Atrial Fib - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-looks like chaos, most common type of dysrhythmia,
decreased CO and cause clots (emboli)
- Ca Blockers
- B Blockers
- Digoxin
- Coumadin (Warfarin)
- electrical cardio version to convert back to normal sinus rhythm
- AV node ablation
- permanent ventricular pacing
Junctional Rhythm - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-AV node to the bundle of His known as the AV
junction
- They result because the SA node fails to fire or the signal is blocked
- When this occurs, the AV node becomes the pacemaker of the heart
- Bradycardia
- this produces an abnormal P wave that occurs just before or after the QRS complex or that is
hidden in the QRS complex
- The impulse usually moves normally through the ventricles
- The P wave is abnormal in shape and inverted, or it may be hidden in the QRS complex
- Short PR interval
First Degree Heart Block - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-the PR interval is prolonged but it is consistent
in length and there is always a QRS complex after
, - Not serious, can be asx, no treatment
Second Degree AV Block Type one (Wenckebach) - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-longer longer drop
- bradycardia
- Atropine to speed up HR
- pacemaker
Second Degree AV Block Type Two (Mobitz) - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Randomly dropped QRS
complex but there is still a P wave
- poor prognosis and progresses to Third Degree block normally
- do not use Atropine
- pacing
Third Degree AV Block - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-no relationship between the P wave and QRS
complex
- Do not use Atropine
- not effective
- need pacemaker as soon as possible.
- Transcutaneous pacing
Ventricular Tachycardia - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-looks like a bunch of Vs
- Torsades de Pointes
- Three or more PVCs
VTACH W/O PULSE - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-CPR and defibrillation
Ventricular Fibrillation - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-*your child is trying to write cursive
