CARN-AP 2nd SET 2025 QUESTIONS with ANSWERS!!
Babies born to mothers who use opioids may need treatment with what?
________ can be used adjunctively to treat withdrawal seizures. - -morphine or methadone
Phenobarbital
-Which Neonatal withdrawal syndromes may present weeks after birth? Name the drug. - -Methadone
-_________ is a safe and effective second-line treatment of symptoms refractory to opioid therapy in
newborns - -Clonidine
-The patient must first be detoxified from opioid dependence before starting _______
Long acting opioids, such as methadone, require at least how many hours since last use before initiating
buprenorphine?
Short acting opioids (for example, heroin) require approximately ____ hours since last use for sufficient
withdrawal to occur in order to safely initiate treatment. - -naltrexone.
48-72
12
-Patients with _______ _________ syndrome often present with abdominal pain and nausea, which
may be refractory to standard antiemetics - -cannabis hyperemesis
-Patients with injection drug abuse are most likely to have _____sided bacterial endocarditis.
_______ should be used empirically, which can be switched to _______ if MRSA infection is confirmed. -
-right
Vancomycin; nafcillin
-Marijuana use can be detected in the urine up to ___days after exposure for infrequent users and up to
____ days for chronic or heavy users. - -5
15
-The _______ _______ is involved in the sense of reward from cocaine use. - -nucleus accumbens
-Symptomatic treatment in opioid withdrawal includes:
- ________ for diarrhea
- ______ for nausea and vomiting
- ________for myalgia - -loperamide
promethazine
ibuprofen
,-Holiday heart syndrome is a syndrome caused by excessive ______ use. Excessive alcohol use results in
gross and microscopic cardiac changes leading to an atrial _______ - -alcohol
arrhythmia.
-Aerosolized glycerol and propylene glycol, chemicals found in vape pens have been associated with
focal _______ _______ of the upper airways - -squamous metaplasia
-Substance use disorder refers to the excessive use of drugs that tend to activate which of the following
portions of the brain? - -Brain reward system
-In the center of the brain behind the temporal lobe sits the ______ system, which controls our
emotions, instincts, and memories, and includes the brain's ______ system.
The main job of the________ system is to help us avoid harmful/painful experiences and to makes us
feel good when we engage in behaviors necessary for our survival - -LIMBIC
REWARD
reward
-A 22-year-old woman is brought into the emergency department by EMS with a blood pressure of
180/102 mmHg and heart rate of 110/min. She is agitated and appears to have paranoid delusions of
people chasing her. Her behavior is hypersexual, and her speech is incoherent. Psychomotor agitation is
present. Which of the following substances is most likely to cause the patient's presentation? - -
Methamphetamine
-_________ therapy- patients with depression.
________ therapy- employed in SUD.
__________ therapy- patients with BiP and SUD
________ ________- PTSD & SUD - -Interpersonal
Supportive
Integrated
Seeking safety
-Cocaine blocks the reuptake of what 3 NT? - -dopamine, NE, and serotonin at the synapse.
-The vasoconstriction experienced while on cocaine is caused by what NT? - -increase in NE
-PCP
(Name 3) reuptake is blocked
What 3 receptor stimulation NTs are increased:
Out of the 3 which one leads to lethargy and coma - -Dopamine & NE, serotonin
Acetylcholine, GABA, Sigma
Sigma
-The inhibitory reuptake of dopamine and NE while someone is on PCP leads to: - -HTN/tachy
agitation
, bronchodilation
-Relapse is most likely to occur at the _______stages of recovery. - -early
-What happens when one person enables another person's addictions? - -Co-dependency
-The comorbidity of personality disorders with panic disorder is strongly associated with _______
attempts - -suicide
-Serotonin syndrome is caused by toxic levels of serotonin. It presents with: SHIVERS
- _________
- Hyperreflexia/clonus
- Increase temp
- Vital signs (HTN/HR)
- Encephalopathy (______)
- _________
- S___________
dilated pupils and diarrhea(DD) - -Shivers
AMS
Restlessness
sweating
-Serotonergic drugs include: - -triptans
MAOIs
TCA
buspirone
amphetamines,
cocaine,
levodopa,
dextromethorphan, and
several opioids
-GABA is the main ________ NT of the CNS - -inhibitory
-Benzos work by potentiating the effects of GABA by _______ the frequency of the GABA chloride
channel opening - -increasing
-Alcohol withdrawal is characterized by
________ glutamatergic neurotransmission &
__________GABA functioning - -excessive
decreased
-Becoming withdrawn and dysphoric is the rebound effect of _______commonly called comedown or
crash. - -cocaine
-The tachyphylaxis following administration of indirect-acting sympathomimetic amines such as
amphetamines results from what? - -the rapid emptying of synaptic vesicles containing the NTs
Babies born to mothers who use opioids may need treatment with what?
________ can be used adjunctively to treat withdrawal seizures. - -morphine or methadone
Phenobarbital
-Which Neonatal withdrawal syndromes may present weeks after birth? Name the drug. - -Methadone
-_________ is a safe and effective second-line treatment of symptoms refractory to opioid therapy in
newborns - -Clonidine
-The patient must first be detoxified from opioid dependence before starting _______
Long acting opioids, such as methadone, require at least how many hours since last use before initiating
buprenorphine?
Short acting opioids (for example, heroin) require approximately ____ hours since last use for sufficient
withdrawal to occur in order to safely initiate treatment. - -naltrexone.
48-72
12
-Patients with _______ _________ syndrome often present with abdominal pain and nausea, which
may be refractory to standard antiemetics - -cannabis hyperemesis
-Patients with injection drug abuse are most likely to have _____sided bacterial endocarditis.
_______ should be used empirically, which can be switched to _______ if MRSA infection is confirmed. -
-right
Vancomycin; nafcillin
-Marijuana use can be detected in the urine up to ___days after exposure for infrequent users and up to
____ days for chronic or heavy users. - -5
15
-The _______ _______ is involved in the sense of reward from cocaine use. - -nucleus accumbens
-Symptomatic treatment in opioid withdrawal includes:
- ________ for diarrhea
- ______ for nausea and vomiting
- ________for myalgia - -loperamide
promethazine
ibuprofen
,-Holiday heart syndrome is a syndrome caused by excessive ______ use. Excessive alcohol use results in
gross and microscopic cardiac changes leading to an atrial _______ - -alcohol
arrhythmia.
-Aerosolized glycerol and propylene glycol, chemicals found in vape pens have been associated with
focal _______ _______ of the upper airways - -squamous metaplasia
-Substance use disorder refers to the excessive use of drugs that tend to activate which of the following
portions of the brain? - -Brain reward system
-In the center of the brain behind the temporal lobe sits the ______ system, which controls our
emotions, instincts, and memories, and includes the brain's ______ system.
The main job of the________ system is to help us avoid harmful/painful experiences and to makes us
feel good when we engage in behaviors necessary for our survival - -LIMBIC
REWARD
reward
-A 22-year-old woman is brought into the emergency department by EMS with a blood pressure of
180/102 mmHg and heart rate of 110/min. She is agitated and appears to have paranoid delusions of
people chasing her. Her behavior is hypersexual, and her speech is incoherent. Psychomotor agitation is
present. Which of the following substances is most likely to cause the patient's presentation? - -
Methamphetamine
-_________ therapy- patients with depression.
________ therapy- employed in SUD.
__________ therapy- patients with BiP and SUD
________ ________- PTSD & SUD - -Interpersonal
Supportive
Integrated
Seeking safety
-Cocaine blocks the reuptake of what 3 NT? - -dopamine, NE, and serotonin at the synapse.
-The vasoconstriction experienced while on cocaine is caused by what NT? - -increase in NE
-PCP
(Name 3) reuptake is blocked
What 3 receptor stimulation NTs are increased:
Out of the 3 which one leads to lethargy and coma - -Dopamine & NE, serotonin
Acetylcholine, GABA, Sigma
Sigma
-The inhibitory reuptake of dopamine and NE while someone is on PCP leads to: - -HTN/tachy
agitation
, bronchodilation
-Relapse is most likely to occur at the _______stages of recovery. - -early
-What happens when one person enables another person's addictions? - -Co-dependency
-The comorbidity of personality disorders with panic disorder is strongly associated with _______
attempts - -suicide
-Serotonin syndrome is caused by toxic levels of serotonin. It presents with: SHIVERS
- _________
- Hyperreflexia/clonus
- Increase temp
- Vital signs (HTN/HR)
- Encephalopathy (______)
- _________
- S___________
dilated pupils and diarrhea(DD) - -Shivers
AMS
Restlessness
sweating
-Serotonergic drugs include: - -triptans
MAOIs
TCA
buspirone
amphetamines,
cocaine,
levodopa,
dextromethorphan, and
several opioids
-GABA is the main ________ NT of the CNS - -inhibitory
-Benzos work by potentiating the effects of GABA by _______ the frequency of the GABA chloride
channel opening - -increasing
-Alcohol withdrawal is characterized by
________ glutamatergic neurotransmission &
__________GABA functioning - -excessive
decreased
-Becoming withdrawn and dysphoric is the rebound effect of _______commonly called comedown or
crash. - -cocaine
-The tachyphylaxis following administration of indirect-acting sympathomimetic amines such as
amphetamines results from what? - -the rapid emptying of synaptic vesicles containing the NTs
