Vascular anatomy (part 1 of 2) Exam
Questions And Answers
Circulation -
correct answer ✅
How does blood enter lymphatic system? -
correct answer ✅
•Blood vessels vary in structure, size and function. Name the three
layers in a blood vessel and their structures -
correct answer ✅Tunica externa/adventitia: fibrous layer
•Tunica media: smooth muscle/elastic tissue
,Vascular anatomy (part 1 of 2) Exam
Questions And Answers
•Tunica intima: endothelium (squamous epithelium)
Arteries and Arterioles have a structure function relationship.
Describe their structure in relation to their function. -
correct answer ✅Transport blood away from heart (higher
pressure) → thicker tunica media
Big aorta more elastic tissue
Smaller arterioles more smooth muscle
Arterioles = resistance vessels (regulate systemic BP)
Arteries and Arterioles extra info (notes) -
correct answer ✅Gradual change as arteries get smaller from
more elastic tunica media to more muscular tunica media (reflects
functions).
Arterioles = resistance vessels as they can constrict and so offer
more or less resistance and so regulate systemic blood pressure.
,Vascular anatomy (part 1 of 2) Exam
Questions And Answers
Anastomoses provides what? -
correct answer ✅Provide collateral circulation: ensures adequate
perfusion (blood supply) if one artery is occluded e.g. By normal
movement or by disease.
Anastomoses extra notes -
correct answer ✅Allen's test for collateral circulation to hand.
Radial artery forms deep palmar arch with a branch to the
superficial palmer branch, whilst ulnar artery forms superficial arch
with a branch to the deep palmer arch.
Anastomoses in the brain -
correct answer ✅•Provide collateral circulation: ensures adequate
perfusion (blood supply) if one artery is occluded e.g. By normal
movement or by disease.
Anastomoses in the brain notes -
correct answer ✅Circle of Willis provides collateral circulation to
most parts of the brain. 2 pairs of main incoming arteries (left and
right internal carotids and left and right vertebral arteries), 3 pairs
of major outgoing arteries (anterior cerebral arteries, middle
cerebral arteries and posterior cerebral arteries).
, Vascular anatomy (part 1 of 2) Exam
Questions And Answers
end arteries provide? What happens if they are occluded? -
correct answer ✅•Provide sole source of blood to a tissue e.g.
Branches of Circle of Willis
•Occlusion results in ischaemia → hypoxia → tissue death
•Clinical: Stroke, MI
Eg. Anterior cerebral arteries, middle cerebral arteries and
posterior cerebral arteries.
Describe the structure of capillaries -
correct answer ✅•~7mm wide vessels
•Single endothelial cell layer with basement membrane
Describe the function of capillaries -
correct answer ✅•Site of substance exchange between blood and
interstitial fluid
•Barrier to cells and large molecules
Questions And Answers
Circulation -
correct answer ✅
How does blood enter lymphatic system? -
correct answer ✅
•Blood vessels vary in structure, size and function. Name the three
layers in a blood vessel and their structures -
correct answer ✅Tunica externa/adventitia: fibrous layer
•Tunica media: smooth muscle/elastic tissue
,Vascular anatomy (part 1 of 2) Exam
Questions And Answers
•Tunica intima: endothelium (squamous epithelium)
Arteries and Arterioles have a structure function relationship.
Describe their structure in relation to their function. -
correct answer ✅Transport blood away from heart (higher
pressure) → thicker tunica media
Big aorta more elastic tissue
Smaller arterioles more smooth muscle
Arterioles = resistance vessels (regulate systemic BP)
Arteries and Arterioles extra info (notes) -
correct answer ✅Gradual change as arteries get smaller from
more elastic tunica media to more muscular tunica media (reflects
functions).
Arterioles = resistance vessels as they can constrict and so offer
more or less resistance and so regulate systemic blood pressure.
,Vascular anatomy (part 1 of 2) Exam
Questions And Answers
Anastomoses provides what? -
correct answer ✅Provide collateral circulation: ensures adequate
perfusion (blood supply) if one artery is occluded e.g. By normal
movement or by disease.
Anastomoses extra notes -
correct answer ✅Allen's test for collateral circulation to hand.
Radial artery forms deep palmar arch with a branch to the
superficial palmer branch, whilst ulnar artery forms superficial arch
with a branch to the deep palmer arch.
Anastomoses in the brain -
correct answer ✅•Provide collateral circulation: ensures adequate
perfusion (blood supply) if one artery is occluded e.g. By normal
movement or by disease.
Anastomoses in the brain notes -
correct answer ✅Circle of Willis provides collateral circulation to
most parts of the brain. 2 pairs of main incoming arteries (left and
right internal carotids and left and right vertebral arteries), 3 pairs
of major outgoing arteries (anterior cerebral arteries, middle
cerebral arteries and posterior cerebral arteries).
, Vascular anatomy (part 1 of 2) Exam
Questions And Answers
end arteries provide? What happens if they are occluded? -
correct answer ✅•Provide sole source of blood to a tissue e.g.
Branches of Circle of Willis
•Occlusion results in ischaemia → hypoxia → tissue death
•Clinical: Stroke, MI
Eg. Anterior cerebral arteries, middle cerebral arteries and
posterior cerebral arteries.
Describe the structure of capillaries -
correct answer ✅•~7mm wide vessels
•Single endothelial cell layer with basement membrane
Describe the function of capillaries -
correct answer ✅•Site of substance exchange between blood and
interstitial fluid
•Barrier to cells and large molecules
