FLS EXAM 2025 (Real Exam) | Fundamentals of
Laparoscopic Surgery Exam NEWEST 2025 WITH
ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND WELL DEFIENED
ANSWERS ALREADY GRADED A+
What are the laparoscope diameters? - ANSWER✔✔-2-10mm
Which degree scope is best for a field in line with port? - ANSWER✔✔-0 degree
How to prevent fogging of scope? - ANSWER✔✔-Use anti fog solution or put
scope in hot water/hot bath
What is the most commonly used light source? - ANSWER✔✔-300 W Xenon
lamp
What if there is initial low pressure and high flow rate at entry? - ANSWER✔✔-
Leak in insufflator circuit, make sure everything plugged in correctly
Benefits of monopolar - ANSWER✔✔-Tissue is heated quickly, less thermal
damage/coagulation
Monopolar voltage/frequency - ANSWER✔✔-Low voltage/High frequency
,What does coagulation mode do? - ANSWER✔✔-Repid surface heating with
shallow depth of necrosis, intermittent wave form with higher voltage
Risk of monopolar - ANSWER✔✔-Current can be diverted through unintentional
pathways, leading to inadvertent tissue injury. Don't use hybrid ports that mix
metal with plastic
Why do you need a grounding pad for monopolar? - ANSWER✔✔-Capacitative
coupling - transfer of energy between two conductors separated by an
insulator, transfer to passive electrode. Can release with tissue injury, but no
issue if ground plate is working as capacitor can't store the charge
Benefits of bipolar - ANSWER✔✔-lower energy, producing less lateral tissue
damage and necrosis. Don't need a grounding pad
Risk of bipolar - ANSWER✔✔-Risk of cutting patient vessels before adequate
sealing, and device doesn't work if there is metal between the jaws
Risk of ultrasonic dissection (harmonic) - ANSWER✔✔-Active blade can injure
something due to high frequency (50mHz)
Discontinue aspirin day of surgery? - ANSWER✔✔-No
How to enter in patient with bowel obstruction? - ANSWER✔✔-Direct
visualization
Cut vs Coag - ANSWER✔✔-cut - heat tissue quickly to convert cell water to
steam, lysing the cell
, Coag - heat more widely dispersed, less cutting action
smaller tissue area, greater current density and faster heating - ANSWER✔✔-e.g.
Bovie tip
Cut mode - ANSWER✔✔-- Low voltage
- High frequency
- Continuous waveform
- Heats tissue quickly; cell water converts to steam and causes cell to explode
Coagulation mode - ANSWER✔✔-- High voltage
- Low frequency
- Intermittent waveform
- Rapid tissue heating, shallow depth of necrosis
- Non-contact: relies on sparking to tissue
Capacitive coupling - ANSWER✔✔-Transfer current from active electrode
through insulation to passive electrode- electrode to plastic part another LSC
instrument
- if constant contact w/ tissue will not store energy and no injury
Direct coupling - ANSWER✔✔-monopolar instrument in direct contact w/ metal
portion of another instrument
Besides capacitative coupling and direct coupling, other hazards of
electrocautery - ANSWER✔✔-- Current diversion
- Narrow return circuit
Laparoscopic Surgery Exam NEWEST 2025 WITH
ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND WELL DEFIENED
ANSWERS ALREADY GRADED A+
What are the laparoscope diameters? - ANSWER✔✔-2-10mm
Which degree scope is best for a field in line with port? - ANSWER✔✔-0 degree
How to prevent fogging of scope? - ANSWER✔✔-Use anti fog solution or put
scope in hot water/hot bath
What is the most commonly used light source? - ANSWER✔✔-300 W Xenon
lamp
What if there is initial low pressure and high flow rate at entry? - ANSWER✔✔-
Leak in insufflator circuit, make sure everything plugged in correctly
Benefits of monopolar - ANSWER✔✔-Tissue is heated quickly, less thermal
damage/coagulation
Monopolar voltage/frequency - ANSWER✔✔-Low voltage/High frequency
,What does coagulation mode do? - ANSWER✔✔-Repid surface heating with
shallow depth of necrosis, intermittent wave form with higher voltage
Risk of monopolar - ANSWER✔✔-Current can be diverted through unintentional
pathways, leading to inadvertent tissue injury. Don't use hybrid ports that mix
metal with plastic
Why do you need a grounding pad for monopolar? - ANSWER✔✔-Capacitative
coupling - transfer of energy between two conductors separated by an
insulator, transfer to passive electrode. Can release with tissue injury, but no
issue if ground plate is working as capacitor can't store the charge
Benefits of bipolar - ANSWER✔✔-lower energy, producing less lateral tissue
damage and necrosis. Don't need a grounding pad
Risk of bipolar - ANSWER✔✔-Risk of cutting patient vessels before adequate
sealing, and device doesn't work if there is metal between the jaws
Risk of ultrasonic dissection (harmonic) - ANSWER✔✔-Active blade can injure
something due to high frequency (50mHz)
Discontinue aspirin day of surgery? - ANSWER✔✔-No
How to enter in patient with bowel obstruction? - ANSWER✔✔-Direct
visualization
Cut vs Coag - ANSWER✔✔-cut - heat tissue quickly to convert cell water to
steam, lysing the cell
, Coag - heat more widely dispersed, less cutting action
smaller tissue area, greater current density and faster heating - ANSWER✔✔-e.g.
Bovie tip
Cut mode - ANSWER✔✔-- Low voltage
- High frequency
- Continuous waveform
- Heats tissue quickly; cell water converts to steam and causes cell to explode
Coagulation mode - ANSWER✔✔-- High voltage
- Low frequency
- Intermittent waveform
- Rapid tissue heating, shallow depth of necrosis
- Non-contact: relies on sparking to tissue
Capacitive coupling - ANSWER✔✔-Transfer current from active electrode
through insulation to passive electrode- electrode to plastic part another LSC
instrument
- if constant contact w/ tissue will not store energy and no injury
Direct coupling - ANSWER✔✔-monopolar instrument in direct contact w/ metal
portion of another instrument
Besides capacitative coupling and direct coupling, other hazards of
electrocautery - ANSWER✔✔-- Current diversion
- Narrow return circuit
