,Chapterja01:jaIntroductionjatojaImagingjaandjaRadiologicjaSciences
Adler:jaIntroductionjatojaRadiologicjaandjaImagingjaSciencesjaandjaPatientjaCare,ja6thjaEdition
MULTIPLEjaCHOICE
1. Thejausejaofjax-raysjatojacreatejaajamedicaljaimagejaonjapatientsjaisjareferredjatojaas
a. electrocardiography.
b. radiography.
c. sonography.
d. magneticjaresonancejaimaging.
ANS:j a j a B
Radiographyjaisjathejamakingjaofjarecordsjaofjainternaljastructuresjaofjathejabodyjabyjapassagejaofjax-
raysjaorjagammajaraysjathroughjathejabody.jaThesejarecordsjaorjaimagesjaarejatypicallyjareferredjatojaasja
radiographs.
REF: p.ja4
2. Particularjacarejamustjabejatakenjawhenjausingjaradiationjaforjamedicaljaimaging.jaThisjaisjathejaresultja
ofjaradiation’sjaabilityjatojacreateja
injahumanjatissuejaandjapossiblejabiochemicaljachanges
.
a. ionizations
b. radiojawaves
c. soundjawaves
d. thermaljachanges
ANS:j a j a A
Somejaformsjaofjaelectromagneticjaenergy,jaincludingjax-
rays,jahavejathejaabilityjatojaionizejaatomsjainjamatter.jaThesejaionizationsjahavejathejaabilityjatojadisrup
tjathejacompositionjaofjamatterjaandjaarejacapablejaofjadisruptingjalifejaprocesses.jaSpecialjaprotectionj
ashouldjabejaprovidedjatojapreventjaexcessivejaexposurejatojaionizingjaradiation.
REF: p.ja3
3. Injathejadiagnosisjaofjapatientjadiseasejastates,japhysiciansjacanjaselectjafromjaanjaarrayjaofjamedicaljad
iagnosticjamodalities.jaAjafewjaofjathesejainvolvejathejausejaofjaionizingjaenergyjatojacreatejaajamedical
jaimage.jaIfjaajaphysicianjaisjaconcernedjaaboutjathejausejaofjaionizingjaradiation,jahejaorjashejamayjachoo
sejatojaorderjaanyjaofjathejafollowingjadiagnosticjamodalitiesjaEXCEPT
a. thermograms.
b. medicaljasonography.
c. radiography.
d. magneticjaresonancejaimaging.
ANS:j a j a C
Radiographyjainvolvesjathejausejaofjax-
raysjaforjathejaproductionjaofjamedicaljaimages.jaMedicaljaproceduresjasuchjaasjathermograms,jasono
grams,jaandjamagneticjaresonancejascansjausejanonionizingjaenergyjaformsjaandjaconsequentlyjadojan
otjaproducejaionizationsjainjahumanjatissue.jaTheyjaarejaregardedjaasjanonionizingjamodalitiesjaforjaim
agingjaandjaofferjaexcellentjaalternativesjatojaphysiciansjaconcernedjaaboutjaradiationjaexposurejatojap
atients.
, REF:j a j a pp.ja3-4
4. ThejaGreekjaphysicianjaHippocratesjaisjaregardedjaasjathejafatherjaofjaWesternjamedicine.jaAlljaofjath
ejafollowingjachoicesjarepresentjahisjamedicaljabeliefsjaEXCEPTjathe
a. usejaofjahighjaethicaljastandardsjaofjaconduct.
b. importantjamedicaljavaluejaofjasorceryjaandjawitchcraft.
c. importancejaofjacloselyjamonitoringjaajapatient’sjaconditionjaandjarecovery.
d. valuejaofjadietjaandjaexercisejaandjaallowingjanaturejatojatakejaitsjacoursejainjarecovery.
ANS:j a j a B
ThejaHippocraticjaCorpusjaisjawritingsjathatjatheyjaemphasizejarationaljaandjanaturaljaexplanationsjafo
rjathejatreatmentjaofjadiseasejaandjarejectjasorceryjaandjamagic.jaThejaHippocraticjaoathjastilljagovernsja
thejaethicaljaconductjaofjaphysiciansjatoday.
REF: p.ja5
5. Throughoutjathejahistoryjaofjamedicine,jaremarkablejaachievementsjahavejabeenjarecorded.jaThes
ejaeventsjahavejaledjatojaourjacurrentjaunderstandingjaofjathejahumanjaorganismjaandjadisease.jaAsjat
hisjaresearchjacontinues,jamuchjaofjaitjawilljamostjalikelyjafocusjaon
a. properjasanitationjaandjapublicjahealth.
b. immunologyjaandjathejadevelopmentjaofjavaccines.
c. germjatheoryjaandjainfection.
d. humanjagenesjaandjageneticjaengineering.
ANS:j a j a D
AlthoughjathejaHumanjaGenomejaProjectjaisjafinished,jaanalysesjaofjathejadatajawilljacontinuejaforjam
anyjayears.jaThejareplacementjaofjafaultyjagenesjathroughjagenejatherapyjaoffersjapromisesjaofjacuresjaf
orjaajavarietyjaofjahereditaryjadiseases,jaandjathroughjageneticjaengineering,jaimportantjapharmaceut
icalsjacontinuejatojabejadeveloped.jaMedicaljaresearchjawilljacontinuejatojafocusjaonjathejageneticjacod
ejainjaalljacells.
REF: p.ja6
6. WilhelmjaC.jaRoentgen’sjadiscoveryjaofja“thejax-
ray”jaisjaregardedjaasjaonejaofjamedicine’sjamostjasignificantjaachievements.jaAlthoughjahisjadiscov
eryjawasjaaccidental,jahisjaearlyjaresearchjawasjasojathoroughjathatjanojasignificantjafindingsjahavejab
eenjaaddedjatojahisjaoriginaljatheories.jaThisjainjaitselfjaisjaajatruejatributejatojathejabrilliancejaofjaRoent
genjaasjaajascientist.jaOnejaofjathejamostjafamousjaearlyjaimagesjahejacreatedjawasjaanjax-
rayjaimagejaofjahis
a. colon.
b. laboratoryjaassistant’sjafoot.
c. wife’sjahand.
d. kidneys.
ANS:j a j a C
Novemberja8,ja1895,jaisjabelievedjabyjahistoriansjatojabejathejadayjathatjaRoentgenjacreatedjathejafamou
sjaimagejaofjathejahandjaofjahisjawife.jaThroughjahisjainvestigativejamethods,jaRoentgenjaidentifiedjath
ejapropertiesjaofjax-rays.
REF: p.ja6
, 7. Ajavaluablejax-rayjaprocedurejausedjatojadiagnosejaajamyocardialjainfarctionjais
a. mammography.
b. myelography.
c. arthrography.
d. coronaryjaarteriography.
ANS:j a j a D
Coronaryjaarteriographyjaisjaanjaextremelyjavaluablejatooljainjadiagnosingjaatherosclerosis,jawhichja
canjablockjathejacoronaryjaarteriesjaandjacausejaajaheartjaattackja(myocardialjainfarction).jaByjawayjaofja
ajaspecialjacatheterjawithjaajaballoonjatip,jaeffectivejatreatmentjaofjaatherosclerosisjaisjapossible.jaThisj
atreatmentjaofjaajablockedjabloodjavesseljaisjatermedjaangioplasty.jaAngioplastyjaisjausedjatojatreatjapati
entsjawithoutjahavingjatojausejainvasivejaopen-heartjasurgery.
REF: p.ja8
8. AlljaofjathejafollowingjaarejatruejaofjathejadiagnosticjaprocedurejaofjamammographyjaEXCEPT
a. itjaisjaveryjavaluablejaforjathejadetectionjaofjaearlyjabreastjacancers.
b. thejaproceduresjamayjabejaperformedjausingjaajageneraljaradiographicjamachine.
c. radiographersjaneedjatojabejaspeciallyjatrainedjainjaorderjatojaperformjamammography.
d. radiographersjamustjabejacertifiedjabyjathejaARRTjatojaqualifyjaforjathejamammograph
yjaexamination.
ANS:j a j a B
Specialjabreastjaimagingjacentersjahavejabeenjabuiltjatojaaccommodatejathejademandjaforjamammogra
phyjaprocedures.jaEquipmentjaandjasupplies,jasuchjaasjaajaspeciallyjadesignedjax-rayjatubejaandjahigh-
resolutionjadigitaljaimagingjadetectors,jaarejausedjatojacreatejahigh-
qualityjabreastjaimages.jaMammographyjacannotjabejaperformedjausingjageneraljax-rayjaequipment.
REF: p.ja8
9. Tojastudyjathejabloodjavesselsjaofjathejabrain,jakidneys,jaliver,jaandjaotherjaorgans,jacontrastjamaterialjai
sjaadministeredjaintojathesejavesselsjabyjausing
a. catheters.
b. stents.
c. balloons.
d. nonejaofjathejaabove.
ANS:j a j a A
Angiographyjaisjathejatermjaforjaradiologicjaexaminationjaofjathejabloodjavesselsjaafterjainjectionjaofja
ajacontrastjamedium.jaMostjaoften,jathejacontrastjamaterialjaisjainjectedjathroughjaajacatheter,jawhichja
canjabejadirectedjatojaajavarietyjaofjamajorjaarteriesjaorjaveinsjaforjavisualizationjaofjathesejastructures.
REF: p.ja8
10. Radiologicjasciencejacontinuesjatojabejaonejaofjathejamostjaexcitingjaprofessionsjainjamedicine.jaA
njaimagingjamodalityjathatjausesjanojaionizingjaradiationjaandjathejaenergyjaofjaradiojawavesjaandja
magneticjafieldsjais
a. nuclearjaimaging.
b. thermography.
c. CVIT.
Adler:jaIntroductionjatojaRadiologicjaandjaImagingjaSciencesjaandjaPatientjaCare,ja6thjaEdition
MULTIPLEjaCHOICE
1. Thejausejaofjax-raysjatojacreatejaajamedicaljaimagejaonjapatientsjaisjareferredjatojaas
a. electrocardiography.
b. radiography.
c. sonography.
d. magneticjaresonancejaimaging.
ANS:j a j a B
Radiographyjaisjathejamakingjaofjarecordsjaofjainternaljastructuresjaofjathejabodyjabyjapassagejaofjax-
raysjaorjagammajaraysjathroughjathejabody.jaThesejarecordsjaorjaimagesjaarejatypicallyjareferredjatojaasja
radiographs.
REF: p.ja4
2. Particularjacarejamustjabejatakenjawhenjausingjaradiationjaforjamedicaljaimaging.jaThisjaisjathejaresultja
ofjaradiation’sjaabilityjatojacreateja
injahumanjatissuejaandjapossiblejabiochemicaljachanges
.
a. ionizations
b. radiojawaves
c. soundjawaves
d. thermaljachanges
ANS:j a j a A
Somejaformsjaofjaelectromagneticjaenergy,jaincludingjax-
rays,jahavejathejaabilityjatojaionizejaatomsjainjamatter.jaThesejaionizationsjahavejathejaabilityjatojadisrup
tjathejacompositionjaofjamatterjaandjaarejacapablejaofjadisruptingjalifejaprocesses.jaSpecialjaprotectionj
ashouldjabejaprovidedjatojapreventjaexcessivejaexposurejatojaionizingjaradiation.
REF: p.ja3
3. Injathejadiagnosisjaofjapatientjadiseasejastates,japhysiciansjacanjaselectjafromjaanjaarrayjaofjamedicaljad
iagnosticjamodalities.jaAjafewjaofjathesejainvolvejathejausejaofjaionizingjaenergyjatojacreatejaajamedical
jaimage.jaIfjaajaphysicianjaisjaconcernedjaaboutjathejausejaofjaionizingjaradiation,jahejaorjashejamayjachoo
sejatojaorderjaanyjaofjathejafollowingjadiagnosticjamodalitiesjaEXCEPT
a. thermograms.
b. medicaljasonography.
c. radiography.
d. magneticjaresonancejaimaging.
ANS:j a j a C
Radiographyjainvolvesjathejausejaofjax-
raysjaforjathejaproductionjaofjamedicaljaimages.jaMedicaljaproceduresjasuchjaasjathermograms,jasono
grams,jaandjamagneticjaresonancejascansjausejanonionizingjaenergyjaformsjaandjaconsequentlyjadojan
otjaproducejaionizationsjainjahumanjatissue.jaTheyjaarejaregardedjaasjanonionizingjamodalitiesjaforjaim
agingjaandjaofferjaexcellentjaalternativesjatojaphysiciansjaconcernedjaaboutjaradiationjaexposurejatojap
atients.
, REF:j a j a pp.ja3-4
4. ThejaGreekjaphysicianjaHippocratesjaisjaregardedjaasjathejafatherjaofjaWesternjamedicine.jaAlljaofjath
ejafollowingjachoicesjarepresentjahisjamedicaljabeliefsjaEXCEPTjathe
a. usejaofjahighjaethicaljastandardsjaofjaconduct.
b. importantjamedicaljavaluejaofjasorceryjaandjawitchcraft.
c. importancejaofjacloselyjamonitoringjaajapatient’sjaconditionjaandjarecovery.
d. valuejaofjadietjaandjaexercisejaandjaallowingjanaturejatojatakejaitsjacoursejainjarecovery.
ANS:j a j a B
ThejaHippocraticjaCorpusjaisjawritingsjathatjatheyjaemphasizejarationaljaandjanaturaljaexplanationsjafo
rjathejatreatmentjaofjadiseasejaandjarejectjasorceryjaandjamagic.jaThejaHippocraticjaoathjastilljagovernsja
thejaethicaljaconductjaofjaphysiciansjatoday.
REF: p.ja5
5. Throughoutjathejahistoryjaofjamedicine,jaremarkablejaachievementsjahavejabeenjarecorded.jaThes
ejaeventsjahavejaledjatojaourjacurrentjaunderstandingjaofjathejahumanjaorganismjaandjadisease.jaAsjat
hisjaresearchjacontinues,jamuchjaofjaitjawilljamostjalikelyjafocusjaon
a. properjasanitationjaandjapublicjahealth.
b. immunologyjaandjathejadevelopmentjaofjavaccines.
c. germjatheoryjaandjainfection.
d. humanjagenesjaandjageneticjaengineering.
ANS:j a j a D
AlthoughjathejaHumanjaGenomejaProjectjaisjafinished,jaanalysesjaofjathejadatajawilljacontinuejaforjam
anyjayears.jaThejareplacementjaofjafaultyjagenesjathroughjagenejatherapyjaoffersjapromisesjaofjacuresjaf
orjaajavarietyjaofjahereditaryjadiseases,jaandjathroughjageneticjaengineering,jaimportantjapharmaceut
icalsjacontinuejatojabejadeveloped.jaMedicaljaresearchjawilljacontinuejatojafocusjaonjathejageneticjacod
ejainjaalljacells.
REF: p.ja6
6. WilhelmjaC.jaRoentgen’sjadiscoveryjaofja“thejax-
ray”jaisjaregardedjaasjaonejaofjamedicine’sjamostjasignificantjaachievements.jaAlthoughjahisjadiscov
eryjawasjaaccidental,jahisjaearlyjaresearchjawasjasojathoroughjathatjanojasignificantjafindingsjahavejab
eenjaaddedjatojahisjaoriginaljatheories.jaThisjainjaitselfjaisjaajatruejatributejatojathejabrilliancejaofjaRoent
genjaasjaajascientist.jaOnejaofjathejamostjafamousjaearlyjaimagesjahejacreatedjawasjaanjax-
rayjaimagejaofjahis
a. colon.
b. laboratoryjaassistant’sjafoot.
c. wife’sjahand.
d. kidneys.
ANS:j a j a C
Novemberja8,ja1895,jaisjabelievedjabyjahistoriansjatojabejathejadayjathatjaRoentgenjacreatedjathejafamou
sjaimagejaofjathejahandjaofjahisjawife.jaThroughjahisjainvestigativejamethods,jaRoentgenjaidentifiedjath
ejapropertiesjaofjax-rays.
REF: p.ja6
, 7. Ajavaluablejax-rayjaprocedurejausedjatojadiagnosejaajamyocardialjainfarctionjais
a. mammography.
b. myelography.
c. arthrography.
d. coronaryjaarteriography.
ANS:j a j a D
Coronaryjaarteriographyjaisjaanjaextremelyjavaluablejatooljainjadiagnosingjaatherosclerosis,jawhichja
canjablockjathejacoronaryjaarteriesjaandjacausejaajaheartjaattackja(myocardialjainfarction).jaByjawayjaofja
ajaspecialjacatheterjawithjaajaballoonjatip,jaeffectivejatreatmentjaofjaatherosclerosisjaisjapossible.jaThisj
atreatmentjaofjaajablockedjabloodjavesseljaisjatermedjaangioplasty.jaAngioplastyjaisjausedjatojatreatjapati
entsjawithoutjahavingjatojausejainvasivejaopen-heartjasurgery.
REF: p.ja8
8. AlljaofjathejafollowingjaarejatruejaofjathejadiagnosticjaprocedurejaofjamammographyjaEXCEPT
a. itjaisjaveryjavaluablejaforjathejadetectionjaofjaearlyjabreastjacancers.
b. thejaproceduresjamayjabejaperformedjausingjaajageneraljaradiographicjamachine.
c. radiographersjaneedjatojabejaspeciallyjatrainedjainjaorderjatojaperformjamammography.
d. radiographersjamustjabejacertifiedjabyjathejaARRTjatojaqualifyjaforjathejamammograph
yjaexamination.
ANS:j a j a B
Specialjabreastjaimagingjacentersjahavejabeenjabuiltjatojaaccommodatejathejademandjaforjamammogra
phyjaprocedures.jaEquipmentjaandjasupplies,jasuchjaasjaajaspeciallyjadesignedjax-rayjatubejaandjahigh-
resolutionjadigitaljaimagingjadetectors,jaarejausedjatojacreatejahigh-
qualityjabreastjaimages.jaMammographyjacannotjabejaperformedjausingjageneraljax-rayjaequipment.
REF: p.ja8
9. Tojastudyjathejabloodjavesselsjaofjathejabrain,jakidneys,jaliver,jaandjaotherjaorgans,jacontrastjamaterialjai
sjaadministeredjaintojathesejavesselsjabyjausing
a. catheters.
b. stents.
c. balloons.
d. nonejaofjathejaabove.
ANS:j a j a A
Angiographyjaisjathejatermjaforjaradiologicjaexaminationjaofjathejabloodjavesselsjaafterjainjectionjaofja
ajacontrastjamedium.jaMostjaoften,jathejacontrastjamaterialjaisjainjectedjathroughjaajacatheter,jawhichja
canjabejadirectedjatojaajavarietyjaofjamajorjaarteriesjaorjaveinsjaforjavisualizationjaofjathesejastructures.
REF: p.ja8
10. Radiologicjasciencejacontinuesjatojabejaonejaofjathejamostjaexcitingjaprofessionsjainjamedicine.jaA
njaimagingjamodalityjathatjausesjanojaionizingjaradiationjaandjathejaenergyjaofjaradiojawavesjaandja
magneticjafieldsjais
a. nuclearjaimaging.
b. thermography.
c. CVIT.
