FNP 652 MIDTERM EXAM-ACTUAL EXAM -LATEST UPDATE 2025 | COMPLETE
QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT DETAILED AND VERIFIED ANSWERS-RATED 100%
CORRECT!!GUARANTEED PASS!! GRADED A+
What is the most common cause of neonatal obstruction? - (ANSWERS)Hirschsprung Disease
What is the definition of Hirschsprung disease? - (ANSWERS)Congenital absence of ganglion
cells in section of large intestine which results in lack of motility
What is the gold standard for diagnosis of Hirschsprung Disease? - (ANSWERS)Biopsy
A 1 month old infant is brought in by his mother with complaints of multiple episodes of forceful
vomiting that is getting worse. What condition would you suspect? - (ANSWERS)Pyloric
Stenosis
A 1 month old infant is brought in by his mother with constant hunger and weight loss despite
the mother trying to supplement his feeding. He has had regular bouts of vomiting, which the
mother thought was normal for infants. You palpate an olive shaped mass in the right upper
quadrant of the abdomen. What diagnosis do you suspect? - (ANSWERS)Pyloric Stenosis
What is the treatment for Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome? - (ANSWERS)PPI
What percentage of weight loss is enough to improve obesity related co-morbidities? -
(ANSWERS)5-10%
What medication for obesity blocks the digestion and absorption of fat in the stomach and small
intestines? - (ANSWERS)Orlistat
What are the ranges for BMI for class I, II and III of obesity? - (ANSWERS)I >30- <35
II >35-<40
III >40
,What frequency and duration of GI symptoms constitutes irritable bowel syndrome? -
(ANSWERS)Symptoms present at least 3 days a month for at least 3 months.
A 30 year old female patient presents with complaints of cramping abdominal pain with frequent
diarrhea for the past year. She has had no weight loss or blood in her stool. She frequently feels
bloated and as though she cannot go out with friends, because she needs to use the restroom so
frequently. What diagnosis do you suspect? - (ANSWERS)Irritable bowel syndrome
An emergent condition where one bowel segment becomes invaginated into another -
(ANSWERS)Intussusception
Mother presents with her 2 year old child who is complaining of severe abdominal pain and 4
episodes of vomiting in the last 24 hours. He has had 4 episodes of "currant jelly" like stool, and
the most recent one had blood in it. What diagnosis do you suspect? -
(ANSWERS)Intussusception
What is the gold standard for diagnosis of intussusception? - (ANSWERS)abdominal ultrasound
What condition is associated with a "bulls eye" or "coiled spring" appearance when seen on
fluoroscopy or ultrasound? - (ANSWERS)Intussusception
What is the treatment for intussusception? - (ANSWERS)Air contrast enema under fluoroscopy
What types of viral hepatitis are self limiting and cause only acute viral disease and have
complete viral clearance? - (ANSWERS)Hepatitis A and E
What types of viral hepatitis can result in chronic infections? - (ANSWERS)Hepatitis B, C, and
D
A patient who is newly diagnosed with GERD should receive what type of medication as first
line treatment? - (ANSWERS)H2 Antagonist (ex: Ranitidine, Famotidine)
,A 10 year old female patient presents to the clinic with her mother with complaints of ongoing
generalized abdominal pain over the last 6 months. Her stool is negative for occult blood and she
is absent of any alarm symptoms. All previous imagining and work up has come back negative.
The pain is intermittent, and is unrelated to meals, movement or activity. Pain medications thus
far have been ineffective, and the school is sending letters home regarding the child's many
absences. What condition do you suspect? - (ANSWERS)Functional Abdominal Pain
Which liver enzyme is typically higher in Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease? ALT or AST? -
(ANSWERS)ALT
What are potential causes of non alcoholic fatty liver disease? - (ANSWERS)Obesity, DM,
hypertriglyceridemia associated with insulin resistance as a part of metabolic syndrome
What are the "2 hits" in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease? - (ANSWERS)1-insulin resistance and
altered lipid metabolism resulting in fatty acids infiltrating the liver.
2-Inflammation causes more liver injury, which can result in fibrosis and later cirrhosis
A mother bring in her 5 year old son who was previously potty trained, but has recently started
having accidents daily and not using the toilet. What condition do you suspect? -
(ANSWERS)Encopresis
What is Primary Encopresis? - (ANSWERS)Child has never been toilet trained successfully
What is secondary Encopresis? - (ANSWERS)Child previously toilet trained, but begins to soil
Treating a child with encopresis with constipation, what methods of disimpaction should be
utilized? - (ANSWERS)Oral cathartics, enemas or combination
A child with encopresis with constipation just underwent bowel evacuation, what should be
initiated next? And what is the goal for their continuing bowel habits? -
(ANSWERS)Laxative/stool softeners in order to achieve goal of 1-2 soft stools ad ay.
, What is the first line for management of encopresis? - (ANSWERS)Behavior modification
therapy
What is the major contributing factor for recurrence of diverticulitis? - (ANSWERS)Chronic low
grade inflammation
A patient presents with acute left lower abdominal pain with tenderness, palpable mass, fever,
and leukocytosis. What condition do you suspect? - (ANSWERS)Diverticulitis
What medications will you give for treatment of diverticulitis in the outpatient setting? -
(ANSWERS)Cipro and metronidazole (flagyl)
You have a patient in which you suspect an acute diverticular episode, what diagnostic study
would you want to order first? - (ANSWERS)CT of the abdomen
In a patient who is suspected to be having an acute diverticular episode, when would you want to
order a colonoscopy? - (ANSWERS)Not during acute phase, should be performed 6 weeks after
acute epoisode
What is the management protocol for acute diverticulitis? - (ANSWERS)Bowel rest, NPO in
acute phase, surgery if recurrent
What type of diet should you prescribe for a patient with a history of diverticulitis? -
(ANSWERS)High fiber diet
Condition associated with chronic inflammation of the colonic mucosa and submucosa -
(ANSWERS)Ulcerative colitis
Patient presents with recent history of bloody diarrhea that is frequent, lower abdominal pain,
with negative stool cultures. What condition do you expect and what diagnostic study will
confirm this? - (ANSWERS)Ulcerative colitis, sigmoidoscopy
QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT DETAILED AND VERIFIED ANSWERS-RATED 100%
CORRECT!!GUARANTEED PASS!! GRADED A+
What is the most common cause of neonatal obstruction? - (ANSWERS)Hirschsprung Disease
What is the definition of Hirschsprung disease? - (ANSWERS)Congenital absence of ganglion
cells in section of large intestine which results in lack of motility
What is the gold standard for diagnosis of Hirschsprung Disease? - (ANSWERS)Biopsy
A 1 month old infant is brought in by his mother with complaints of multiple episodes of forceful
vomiting that is getting worse. What condition would you suspect? - (ANSWERS)Pyloric
Stenosis
A 1 month old infant is brought in by his mother with constant hunger and weight loss despite
the mother trying to supplement his feeding. He has had regular bouts of vomiting, which the
mother thought was normal for infants. You palpate an olive shaped mass in the right upper
quadrant of the abdomen. What diagnosis do you suspect? - (ANSWERS)Pyloric Stenosis
What is the treatment for Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome? - (ANSWERS)PPI
What percentage of weight loss is enough to improve obesity related co-morbidities? -
(ANSWERS)5-10%
What medication for obesity blocks the digestion and absorption of fat in the stomach and small
intestines? - (ANSWERS)Orlistat
What are the ranges for BMI for class I, II and III of obesity? - (ANSWERS)I >30- <35
II >35-<40
III >40
,What frequency and duration of GI symptoms constitutes irritable bowel syndrome? -
(ANSWERS)Symptoms present at least 3 days a month for at least 3 months.
A 30 year old female patient presents with complaints of cramping abdominal pain with frequent
diarrhea for the past year. She has had no weight loss or blood in her stool. She frequently feels
bloated and as though she cannot go out with friends, because she needs to use the restroom so
frequently. What diagnosis do you suspect? - (ANSWERS)Irritable bowel syndrome
An emergent condition where one bowel segment becomes invaginated into another -
(ANSWERS)Intussusception
Mother presents with her 2 year old child who is complaining of severe abdominal pain and 4
episodes of vomiting in the last 24 hours. He has had 4 episodes of "currant jelly" like stool, and
the most recent one had blood in it. What diagnosis do you suspect? -
(ANSWERS)Intussusception
What is the gold standard for diagnosis of intussusception? - (ANSWERS)abdominal ultrasound
What condition is associated with a "bulls eye" or "coiled spring" appearance when seen on
fluoroscopy or ultrasound? - (ANSWERS)Intussusception
What is the treatment for intussusception? - (ANSWERS)Air contrast enema under fluoroscopy
What types of viral hepatitis are self limiting and cause only acute viral disease and have
complete viral clearance? - (ANSWERS)Hepatitis A and E
What types of viral hepatitis can result in chronic infections? - (ANSWERS)Hepatitis B, C, and
D
A patient who is newly diagnosed with GERD should receive what type of medication as first
line treatment? - (ANSWERS)H2 Antagonist (ex: Ranitidine, Famotidine)
,A 10 year old female patient presents to the clinic with her mother with complaints of ongoing
generalized abdominal pain over the last 6 months. Her stool is negative for occult blood and she
is absent of any alarm symptoms. All previous imagining and work up has come back negative.
The pain is intermittent, and is unrelated to meals, movement or activity. Pain medications thus
far have been ineffective, and the school is sending letters home regarding the child's many
absences. What condition do you suspect? - (ANSWERS)Functional Abdominal Pain
Which liver enzyme is typically higher in Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease? ALT or AST? -
(ANSWERS)ALT
What are potential causes of non alcoholic fatty liver disease? - (ANSWERS)Obesity, DM,
hypertriglyceridemia associated with insulin resistance as a part of metabolic syndrome
What are the "2 hits" in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease? - (ANSWERS)1-insulin resistance and
altered lipid metabolism resulting in fatty acids infiltrating the liver.
2-Inflammation causes more liver injury, which can result in fibrosis and later cirrhosis
A mother bring in her 5 year old son who was previously potty trained, but has recently started
having accidents daily and not using the toilet. What condition do you suspect? -
(ANSWERS)Encopresis
What is Primary Encopresis? - (ANSWERS)Child has never been toilet trained successfully
What is secondary Encopresis? - (ANSWERS)Child previously toilet trained, but begins to soil
Treating a child with encopresis with constipation, what methods of disimpaction should be
utilized? - (ANSWERS)Oral cathartics, enemas or combination
A child with encopresis with constipation just underwent bowel evacuation, what should be
initiated next? And what is the goal for their continuing bowel habits? -
(ANSWERS)Laxative/stool softeners in order to achieve goal of 1-2 soft stools ad ay.
, What is the first line for management of encopresis? - (ANSWERS)Behavior modification
therapy
What is the major contributing factor for recurrence of diverticulitis? - (ANSWERS)Chronic low
grade inflammation
A patient presents with acute left lower abdominal pain with tenderness, palpable mass, fever,
and leukocytosis. What condition do you suspect? - (ANSWERS)Diverticulitis
What medications will you give for treatment of diverticulitis in the outpatient setting? -
(ANSWERS)Cipro and metronidazole (flagyl)
You have a patient in which you suspect an acute diverticular episode, what diagnostic study
would you want to order first? - (ANSWERS)CT of the abdomen
In a patient who is suspected to be having an acute diverticular episode, when would you want to
order a colonoscopy? - (ANSWERS)Not during acute phase, should be performed 6 weeks after
acute epoisode
What is the management protocol for acute diverticulitis? - (ANSWERS)Bowel rest, NPO in
acute phase, surgery if recurrent
What type of diet should you prescribe for a patient with a history of diverticulitis? -
(ANSWERS)High fiber diet
Condition associated with chronic inflammation of the colonic mucosa and submucosa -
(ANSWERS)Ulcerative colitis
Patient presents with recent history of bloody diarrhea that is frequent, lower abdominal pain,
with negative stool cultures. What condition do you expect and what diagnostic study will
confirm this? - (ANSWERS)Ulcerative colitis, sigmoidoscopy
