NASM CNC Final Exam Questions And Answers
Verified 100% Correct
Clients often confide in the Nutrition Coach. Which client conversation would be
grounds for a referral to a licensed healthcare professional?
A. Slow weight loss of 1/2 pound per week (0.22 kg)
B. Late-night ice cream binging
C. Chronic fatigue
D. Occasional sleeplessness - ANSWER C. Chronic fatigue
A client confides that she is taking laxatives to help her lose weight. What is the best
course of action?
A. Refer her to a Registered Dietitian.
B. Tell her to eat more fiber as that will help.
C. Refer her to a Certified Eating Disorder Specialist.
D. Tell her that regular use of laxatives are bad for her digestive tract. - ANSWER C.
Refer her to a Certified Eating Disorder Specialist.
It is not uncommon for clients to confide in the Nutrition Coach. Which client
conversation would be grounds for a referral to a licensed healthcare professional?
A. Daily panic attacks
B. Stress-eating from recent divorce
C. Occasional constipation
D. Self-proclaimed "sugar addict" - ANSWER A. Daily panic attacks
A client has several relatives who have recently been diagnosed with cancer. She has
been reading many books about natural health and is interested in taking herbal
supplements that will help prevent cancer. What is the best course of action?
A. Visit a health food store together.
B. Refer her to a pharmacist or her physician.
C. Tell her to save her money and stay away from herbal remedies.
D. Tell her to follow the guidelines of the books she read. - ANSWER B. Refer her to a
pharmacist or her physician.
,A Nutrition Coach is sitting down with a new client for her initial evaluation. She noted
on her Health History Questionnaire that she has diabetes and she has trouble keeping
her blood glucose controlled. What is the best course of action?
A. Advise her to cut back on her simple carbohydrates at each meal.
B. Inform her that when she loses 10% of her body weight, her blood glucose will be
easier to manage.
C. Refer her to a Registered Dietitian.
D. Refer her to a Certified Diabetes Educator. - ANSWER D. Refer her to a Certified
Diabetes Educator.
Scientists perform a diet study in which they assign half the people to a continuous
dieting group and the other half to an intermittent fasting group. Which term best
describes this study design?
A. Observational
B. Crossover
C. Parallel
D. Factorial - ANSWER C. Parallel
Which of the following is an example of descriptive research?
A. Cohort study
B. Survey
C. Randomized controlled trial
D. Meta-analysis - ANSWER B. Survey
Scientists perform a study comparing 1000 women with breast cancer to 1000 women
without breast cancer. They gather information on the women's diets and look to see if
the women diagnosed with breast cancer had more fat in their diet compared to the
women who did not get cancer. Which term best describes this study?
A. Cross-sectional study
B. Case-control study
C. Cohort study
D. Survey - ANSWER B. Case-control study
Which term best describes formulation of a hypothesis, collecting data to test the
hypothesis, and changing or discarding the hypothesis when the data does not support
it?
A. Evidence-based practice
B. Primary research
C. Science
,D. Scientific method - ANSWER D. Scientific method
Fructose has been shown in studies to have adverse effects on blood triglycerides when
consumed in excess of calorie needs. However, moderate doses of fructose have been
shown to have no effect. Which of the following items best describes the conclusion that
should be drawn from this data?
A. There is no reason to ever restrict fructose intake.
B. Fructose should be limited in the diet as much as possible.
C. Fructose intake poses no risk to triglycerides when consumed within energy needs,
but caution is warranted if calorie intake is high.
D. There is insufficient evidence to draw conclusions as to the impact of fructose intake
on triglycerides. - ANSWER C. Fructose intake poses no risk to triglycerides when
consumed within energy needs, but caution is warranted if calorie intake is high.
Which term refers to a proposed explanation for a set of observations?
A. Randomized controlled trial
B. Theory
C. Hypothesis
D. Prediction - ANSWER C. Hypothesis
Scientists perform a study tracking 10,000 people over a 10-year period. They look at
their sugar intake at the beginning of the study and then see who develops diabetes
over the study duration. Which term best describes this study?
A. Survey
B. Cross-sectional study
C. Case-control study
D. Cohort study - ANSWER D. Cohort study
Scientists gather 20 studies looking at the relationship between protein intake and lean
body mass, and then they statistically analyze them together as a group. What type of
study is this?
A. Narrative review
B. Observational research
C. Randomized controlled trials
D. Meta-analysis - ANSWER D. Meta-analysis
Scientists randomly assign subjects to a low or high carbohydrate group and then look
at changes in body weight over 3 months. Which item represents the independent
variable in this study?
, A. Length of study (3 months)
B. Body weight
C. Diet type
D. Subjects - ANSWER C. Diet type
A scientist proposes that sugar is inherently fattening, independent of its calorie content.
If that proposal is true, then that would mean that high-sugar diets should increase fat
gain independent of their calorie content. What term describes this potential
consequence?
A. Theory
B. Hypothesis
C. Prediction
D. Conclusion - ANSWER C. Prediction
Which observational study design allows scientists to hypothesize a potential causal
association?
A. Case study
B. Cross-sectional study
C. Case-control study
D. Cohort study - ANSWER D. Cohort study
Which of the following represents a critical evaluation of a study by other scientists?
A. Systematic review
B. Peer review
C. Narrative review
D. Scientific method - ANSWER B. Peer review
The Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) involves collecting
healthrelated information via telephone interview across the United States. Which term
best describes this research?
A. Case study
B. Case-control study
C. Cohort study
D. Survey - ANSWER D. Survey
Which term refers to the ability to get similar results when something is measured under
the same conditions?
A. Test-retest reliability
Verified 100% Correct
Clients often confide in the Nutrition Coach. Which client conversation would be
grounds for a referral to a licensed healthcare professional?
A. Slow weight loss of 1/2 pound per week (0.22 kg)
B. Late-night ice cream binging
C. Chronic fatigue
D. Occasional sleeplessness - ANSWER C. Chronic fatigue
A client confides that she is taking laxatives to help her lose weight. What is the best
course of action?
A. Refer her to a Registered Dietitian.
B. Tell her to eat more fiber as that will help.
C. Refer her to a Certified Eating Disorder Specialist.
D. Tell her that regular use of laxatives are bad for her digestive tract. - ANSWER C.
Refer her to a Certified Eating Disorder Specialist.
It is not uncommon for clients to confide in the Nutrition Coach. Which client
conversation would be grounds for a referral to a licensed healthcare professional?
A. Daily panic attacks
B. Stress-eating from recent divorce
C. Occasional constipation
D. Self-proclaimed "sugar addict" - ANSWER A. Daily panic attacks
A client has several relatives who have recently been diagnosed with cancer. She has
been reading many books about natural health and is interested in taking herbal
supplements that will help prevent cancer. What is the best course of action?
A. Visit a health food store together.
B. Refer her to a pharmacist or her physician.
C. Tell her to save her money and stay away from herbal remedies.
D. Tell her to follow the guidelines of the books she read. - ANSWER B. Refer her to a
pharmacist or her physician.
,A Nutrition Coach is sitting down with a new client for her initial evaluation. She noted
on her Health History Questionnaire that she has diabetes and she has trouble keeping
her blood glucose controlled. What is the best course of action?
A. Advise her to cut back on her simple carbohydrates at each meal.
B. Inform her that when she loses 10% of her body weight, her blood glucose will be
easier to manage.
C. Refer her to a Registered Dietitian.
D. Refer her to a Certified Diabetes Educator. - ANSWER D. Refer her to a Certified
Diabetes Educator.
Scientists perform a diet study in which they assign half the people to a continuous
dieting group and the other half to an intermittent fasting group. Which term best
describes this study design?
A. Observational
B. Crossover
C. Parallel
D. Factorial - ANSWER C. Parallel
Which of the following is an example of descriptive research?
A. Cohort study
B. Survey
C. Randomized controlled trial
D. Meta-analysis - ANSWER B. Survey
Scientists perform a study comparing 1000 women with breast cancer to 1000 women
without breast cancer. They gather information on the women's diets and look to see if
the women diagnosed with breast cancer had more fat in their diet compared to the
women who did not get cancer. Which term best describes this study?
A. Cross-sectional study
B. Case-control study
C. Cohort study
D. Survey - ANSWER B. Case-control study
Which term best describes formulation of a hypothesis, collecting data to test the
hypothesis, and changing or discarding the hypothesis when the data does not support
it?
A. Evidence-based practice
B. Primary research
C. Science
,D. Scientific method - ANSWER D. Scientific method
Fructose has been shown in studies to have adverse effects on blood triglycerides when
consumed in excess of calorie needs. However, moderate doses of fructose have been
shown to have no effect. Which of the following items best describes the conclusion that
should be drawn from this data?
A. There is no reason to ever restrict fructose intake.
B. Fructose should be limited in the diet as much as possible.
C. Fructose intake poses no risk to triglycerides when consumed within energy needs,
but caution is warranted if calorie intake is high.
D. There is insufficient evidence to draw conclusions as to the impact of fructose intake
on triglycerides. - ANSWER C. Fructose intake poses no risk to triglycerides when
consumed within energy needs, but caution is warranted if calorie intake is high.
Which term refers to a proposed explanation for a set of observations?
A. Randomized controlled trial
B. Theory
C. Hypothesis
D. Prediction - ANSWER C. Hypothesis
Scientists perform a study tracking 10,000 people over a 10-year period. They look at
their sugar intake at the beginning of the study and then see who develops diabetes
over the study duration. Which term best describes this study?
A. Survey
B. Cross-sectional study
C. Case-control study
D. Cohort study - ANSWER D. Cohort study
Scientists gather 20 studies looking at the relationship between protein intake and lean
body mass, and then they statistically analyze them together as a group. What type of
study is this?
A. Narrative review
B. Observational research
C. Randomized controlled trials
D. Meta-analysis - ANSWER D. Meta-analysis
Scientists randomly assign subjects to a low or high carbohydrate group and then look
at changes in body weight over 3 months. Which item represents the independent
variable in this study?
, A. Length of study (3 months)
B. Body weight
C. Diet type
D. Subjects - ANSWER C. Diet type
A scientist proposes that sugar is inherently fattening, independent of its calorie content.
If that proposal is true, then that would mean that high-sugar diets should increase fat
gain independent of their calorie content. What term describes this potential
consequence?
A. Theory
B. Hypothesis
C. Prediction
D. Conclusion - ANSWER C. Prediction
Which observational study design allows scientists to hypothesize a potential causal
association?
A. Case study
B. Cross-sectional study
C. Case-control study
D. Cohort study - ANSWER D. Cohort study
Which of the following represents a critical evaluation of a study by other scientists?
A. Systematic review
B. Peer review
C. Narrative review
D. Scientific method - ANSWER B. Peer review
The Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) involves collecting
healthrelated information via telephone interview across the United States. Which term
best describes this research?
A. Case study
B. Case-control study
C. Cohort study
D. Survey - ANSWER D. Survey
Which term refers to the ability to get similar results when something is measured under
the same conditions?
A. Test-retest reliability
