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The parent of a preschooler with chick-
enpox asks the nurse about measures to
make the child comfortable. The nurse in-
structs the parent to avoid administering
aspirin or any other product that contains
salicylates. When given to children with Correct Answer: 3
chickenpox, aspirin has been linked to
which disorder? RATIONALES: Research shows a cor-
relation between the use of aspirin dur-
ing chickenpox and the development of
Reye's syndrome (a disorder character-
1. Guillain-Barré syndrome ized by brain and liver toxicity). There-
fore, the nurse should instruct the par-
ents to avoid administering aspirin or oth-
er products that contain salicylates and
to consult the physician or pharmacist
2. Rheumatic fever before administering any medication to a
child with chickenpox. No research has
found a link between aspirin use, chick-
enpox, and the development of Guil-
lain-Barré syndrome, rheumatic fever, or
3. Reye's syndrome scarlet fever.
4. Scarlet fever
A client is to have an epidural block to
relieve labor pain. The nurse anticipates
that the anesthesiologist will inject the
Correct Answer: 3
anesthetic agent into the:
RATIONALES: For an epidural block, the
nurse should anticipate that the anes-
thesiologist will inject a local anesthet-
1. subarachnoid space.
ic agent into the epidural space, locat-
ed between the dura mater and the lig-
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2. area between the subarachnoid space
and the dura mater.
amentum flavum in the lumbar region
of the spinal column. When adminis-
tering a spinal block, the anesthesiol-
ogist injects the anesthetic agent into
3. area between the dura mater and the
the subarachnoid space. The ligamen-
ligamentum flavum.
tum flavum and the area between the
subarachnoid space and the dura mater
are inappropriate injection sites.
4. ligamentum flavum.
Correct Answer: 14
RATIONALES: To determine the total
daily dosage, set up the following propor-
tion:
The physician prescribes peni-
25 kg/X = 1 kg/56 mg
cillin potassium oral suspension 56
X = 1,400 mg.
mg/kg/day in four divided doses for a
Next, divide the daily dosage by four dos-
client with anorexia nervosa who weighs
es to determine the dose to administer
25 kg. The medication dispensed by the
every 6 hours:
pharmacy contains a dosage strength
X = 1,400 mg/4 doses
of 125 mg/5 ml. How many milliliters of
X = 350 mg/dose.
solution should the nurse administer with
The adolescent should receive 350 mg
each dose?
every 6 hours.
Lastly, calculate the volume to give for
each dose by setting up this proportion:
X/350 mg = 5 ml/125 mg
X = 14 ml.
The nurse must irrigate a gaping abdom-
inal incision with sterile normal saline,
using a piston syringe. How should the
nurse proceed?
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1. Irrigate continuously until the solution
becomes clear or all of the solution has
been used.
Correct Answer: 1
RATIONALES: To wash away tissue de-
bris and drainage effectively, the nurse
2. Moisten the area around the wound should irrigate the wound until the solu-
with normal saline after the irrigation. tion becomes clear or all of the solution
has been used. After the irrigation, the
nurse should dry the area around the
wound; moistening it promotes microor-
ganism growth and skin irritation. When
3. Apply a wet-to-dry dressing to the the area is dry, the nurse should apply a
wound after the irrigation. sterile dressing, rather than awet-to-dry
dressing. The nurse always should in-
still the irrigating solution gently; rapid or
forceful instillation can damage tissues.
4. Rapidly instill a stream of irrigating
solution into the wound.
As an adolescent is receiving care, he's
inadvertently injured with a warm com-
press. The nurse completes an incident
report based on the knowledge that iden-
tification of which of the following is a
Correct Answer: 2
goal of the report?
RATIONALES: The purpose of an inci-
dent report is threefold: to identify ways
to prevent incident recurrences, to iden-
1. To reprimand the involved staff mem-
tify patterns of care problems, and to
bers for their actions
identify facts surrounding each incident.
Incident reports aren't used to hold peo-
ple accountable for their actions, to pun-
2. To identify the learning needs of staff
to prevent incident recurrences
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3. To reprimand the nurse-manager re-
sponsible for the unit ish those involved in the incident, or to
punish the nurse-manager responsible
for the unit.
4. To hold people accountable for their
actions
As a client progresses through pregnan-
cy, she develops constipation. What is
the primary cause of this problem during
pregnancy?
Correct Answer: 4
1. Decreased appetite
RATIONALES: During pregnancy, hor-
monal changes and mechanical pres-
sure reduce motility in the small intestine,
enhancing water absorption and promot-
2. Inadequate fluid intake ing constipation. Although decreased ap-
petite, inadequate fluid intake, and pro-
longed gastric emptying may contribute
to constipation, they aren't the primary
cause.
3. Prolonged gastric emptying
4. Reduced intestinal motility
An adolescent with type 1 diabetes melli-
tus is experiencing a growth spurt. Which
treatment approach would be most effec-
tive for this client?