Examl 1:l BIOl 201/l BIO201l (NEWl 2025/l
2026l Update)l Humanl Anatomyl andl
Physiologyl Il Guide|l Questionsl &l
Answers|l Gradel A|l 100%l Correctl
(Verifiedl Solutions)-l GCU
QUESTION
Whatl isl thel fatel ofl thel pyruvatel generatedl atl thel endl ofl glycolysis?l Inl otherl words,l
wherel doesl itl gol next?
Answer:
Getsl brokenl upl andl goesl intol fermentationl (Anaerobic)l orl goesl intol thel Krebsl cyclel
(aerobic)
QUESTION
Isl lacticl acidl fermentationl orl alcoholicl fermentationl efficientl waysl tol generatel energy?
Answer:
No,l costl 6l ATPsl onlyl returnsl 2
QUESTION
Coril Cycle
Answer:
Krebsl cycle
QUESTION
Whatl isl thel purposel ofl thel Coril Cyclel (Lacticl acidl cycle)?
Answer:
,Ifl thel bodyl runsl outl ofl oxygenl thel bodyl canl stayl alivel andl functioningl forl al fewl
morel minutes.
QUESTION
Thel Krebsl cyclel producesl what?
Answer:
CO2,l NADH,l FADH2l thatl carryl energyl tol thel secondl partl ofl cellularl respiration
QUESTION
Whatl isl Oxygen'sl rolel inl thel electronl transportl chain?
Answer:
Tol stabilizel Hl ions
QUESTION
Cellularl Respirationl stepsl andl howl muchl ATPl eachl onel produces
Answer:
1.l Glycolysisl (NETl 2)
2.l Krebsl Cyclel (Netl 2)
3.l Electronl Transportl Chainl (Netl 32)
Totall 36l ATPs
QUESTION
Glycolysis
Answer:
firstl stepl inl releasingl thel energyl ofl glucose,l inl whichl al moleculel ofl glucosel isl brokenl
intol twol moleculesl ofl Pyruvate's
QUESTION
Krebsl cycle
, Answer:
secondl stagel ofl cellularl respiration,l inl whichl pyruvicl acidl isl brokenl downl intol carbonl
dioxidel inl al seriesl ofl energy-extractingl reactions
QUESTION
Electronl Transportl Chain
Answer:
al seriesl ofl proteinsl inl whichl thel high-energyl electronsl froml thel Krebsl cyclel arel usedl
tol convertl ADPl intol ATP
QUESTION
Anatomyl andl Physiology
Answer:
structurel andl function
QUESTION
Specialtiesl ofl Anatomy
Answer:
-l Grossl Anatomy:l Macroscopic,l lookingl atl largel structures.l
-l Surfacel Anatomy:l Studyl ofl forml andl superficiall surfaces.l
-l Regionall Anatomy:l Specificl areasl ofl thel body,l ex.l Heart,l neck,l trunk.l
-l Systemicl Anatomy:l Studyl ofl thel organl systeml andl howl theyl functionl togetherl inl al
coordinatel manner.l
-l Microscopicl anatomy:l studyl ofl structuresl wel cannotl see,l ex.l Cytology(studyl ofl cells)l
andl Histology(studyl ofl tissues)
QUESTION
Specialtiesl ofl physiology
Answer:
-l Celll physiology:l studyl ofl thel functionl ofl thel celll
-l Organl physiology:l Thel studyl ofl thel functionl ofl al specificl organ.l
-l Systemicl physiology:l Thel functionl ofl al specificl organl system.l
-l Pathologicall physiology:l effectsl ofl diseasel onl anl organl function
2026l Update)l Humanl Anatomyl andl
Physiologyl Il Guide|l Questionsl &l
Answers|l Gradel A|l 100%l Correctl
(Verifiedl Solutions)-l GCU
QUESTION
Whatl isl thel fatel ofl thel pyruvatel generatedl atl thel endl ofl glycolysis?l Inl otherl words,l
wherel doesl itl gol next?
Answer:
Getsl brokenl upl andl goesl intol fermentationl (Anaerobic)l orl goesl intol thel Krebsl cyclel
(aerobic)
QUESTION
Isl lacticl acidl fermentationl orl alcoholicl fermentationl efficientl waysl tol generatel energy?
Answer:
No,l costl 6l ATPsl onlyl returnsl 2
QUESTION
Coril Cycle
Answer:
Krebsl cycle
QUESTION
Whatl isl thel purposel ofl thel Coril Cyclel (Lacticl acidl cycle)?
Answer:
,Ifl thel bodyl runsl outl ofl oxygenl thel bodyl canl stayl alivel andl functioningl forl al fewl
morel minutes.
QUESTION
Thel Krebsl cyclel producesl what?
Answer:
CO2,l NADH,l FADH2l thatl carryl energyl tol thel secondl partl ofl cellularl respiration
QUESTION
Whatl isl Oxygen'sl rolel inl thel electronl transportl chain?
Answer:
Tol stabilizel Hl ions
QUESTION
Cellularl Respirationl stepsl andl howl muchl ATPl eachl onel produces
Answer:
1.l Glycolysisl (NETl 2)
2.l Krebsl Cyclel (Netl 2)
3.l Electronl Transportl Chainl (Netl 32)
Totall 36l ATPs
QUESTION
Glycolysis
Answer:
firstl stepl inl releasingl thel energyl ofl glucose,l inl whichl al moleculel ofl glucosel isl brokenl
intol twol moleculesl ofl Pyruvate's
QUESTION
Krebsl cycle
, Answer:
secondl stagel ofl cellularl respiration,l inl whichl pyruvicl acidl isl brokenl downl intol carbonl
dioxidel inl al seriesl ofl energy-extractingl reactions
QUESTION
Electronl Transportl Chain
Answer:
al seriesl ofl proteinsl inl whichl thel high-energyl electronsl froml thel Krebsl cyclel arel usedl
tol convertl ADPl intol ATP
QUESTION
Anatomyl andl Physiology
Answer:
structurel andl function
QUESTION
Specialtiesl ofl Anatomy
Answer:
-l Grossl Anatomy:l Macroscopic,l lookingl atl largel structures.l
-l Surfacel Anatomy:l Studyl ofl forml andl superficiall surfaces.l
-l Regionall Anatomy:l Specificl areasl ofl thel body,l ex.l Heart,l neck,l trunk.l
-l Systemicl Anatomy:l Studyl ofl thel organl systeml andl howl theyl functionl togetherl inl al
coordinatel manner.l
-l Microscopicl anatomy:l studyl ofl structuresl wel cannotl see,l ex.l Cytology(studyl ofl cells)l
andl Histology(studyl ofl tissues)
QUESTION
Specialtiesl ofl physiology
Answer:
-l Celll physiology:l studyl ofl thel functionl ofl thel celll
-l Organl physiology:l Thel studyl ofl thel functionl ofl al specificl organ.l
-l Systemicl physiology:l Thel functionl ofl al specificl organl system.l
-l Pathologicall physiology:l effectsl ofl diseasel onl anl organl function
