Fall Semester 2025 | Anatomy and Physiology: The Unity of Form and Function Test Bank 2025/2026 | 200+ Verified Questions with Correct Answers & Detailed Rationales | Complete A+ Study Guide for Nursing, Pre-Med, and Allied Health Students

Anatomy and Physiology: The Unity of Form
and Function – Test Bank with 200 +
Verified Questions and Correct Answers | |
Updated 2025/2026 | A+ Study Guide
Question 1:
Which structure in the kidney is primarily responsible for the
filtration of blood?
(A) Renal pelvis
(B) Ureter
(C) Nephron
(D) Collecting duct
Correct Answer: (C) Nephron
ELABORATION:The nephron is the functional unit of the kidney, %^%^&*
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filtering blood and forming urine through processes of filtration,
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reabsorption, and secretion. %^$%%&
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Question 2: ^%
What is the role of the sarcoplasmic reticulum in muscle
contraction?
(A) Provides energy
(B) Synthesizes proteins
(C) Stores calcium ions
(D) Transmits nerve impulses
Correct Answer: (C) Stores calcium ions
ELABORATION:The sarcoplasmic reticulum stores calcium ions,
which are released to initiate muscle contraction.


Question 3:
Which part of the brain is responsible for higher cognitive
functions, such as decision-making and problem-solving?
(A) Cerebellum
(B) Brainstem
(C) Prefrontal cortex

,Anatomy and Physiology: The Unity of Form
and Function – Test Bank with 200 +
Verified Questions and Correct Answers | |
Updated 2025/2026 | A+ Study Guide
(D) Occipital lobe
Correct Answer: (C) Prefrontal cortex
ELABORATION:The prefrontal cortex is involved in complex
behaviors, including planning, reasoning, and decision-making.


Question 4:
How does the body primarily regulate pH levels in the blood?
(A) Hormonal secretion %^%^&*
(B) Buffer systems %&%&^*
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(C) Enzymatic reactions %^$%%&
(D) Nutrient absorption %&^*^&
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Correct Answer: (B) Buffer systems
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ELABORATION:Buffer systems in the blood, such as bicarbonate, ^%
help maintain pH within a narrow range, crucial for proper
physiological function.


Question 5:
What is the primary function of the hepatic portal system?
(A) Transport oxygenated blood
(B) Supply nutrients to tissues
(C) Direct blood from the digestive tract to the liver
(D) Regulate blood pressure
Correct Answer: (C) Direct blood from the digestive tract to
the liver
ELABORATION:The hepatic portal system carries nutrient-rich
blood from the gastrointestinal tract to the liver for processing.

,Anatomy and Physiology: The Unity of Form
and Function – Test Bank with 200 +
Verified Questions and Correct Answers | |
Updated 2025/2026 | A+ Study Guide
Question 6:
Which type of connective tissue provides structural support and is
found in places like the trachea and nose?
(A) Dense connective tissue
(B) Adipose tissue
(C) Hyaline cartilage
(D) Elastic cartilage
Correct Answer: (C) Hyaline cartilage
ELABORATION:Hyaline cartilage provides flexible support and is %^%^&*
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found in structures such as the trachea, nose, and joints.
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%*&^*&&
Question 7:
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What is the primary role of the myelin sheath in the nervous ^%
system?
(A) Transmit signals
(B) Insulate axons
(C) Generate action potentials
(D) Produce neurotransmitters
Correct Answer: (B) Insulate axons
ELABORATION:The myelin sheath insulates axons, allowing for
faster transmission of electrical signals along neurons.


Question 8:
Which hormone is primarily responsible for the regulation of the
menstrual cycle?
(A) Testosterone
(B) Cortisol
(C) Estrogen
(D) Insulin

, Anatomy and Physiology: The Unity of Form
and Function – Test Bank with 200 +
Verified Questions and Correct Answers | |
Updated 2025/2026 | A+ Study Guide
Correct Answer: (C) Estrogen
ELABORATION:Estrogen plays a key role in regulating the
menstrual cycle, promoting the growth of the uterine lining.


Question 9:
What is the primary function of the lymphatic system?
(A) Hormone production
(B) Nutrient absorption %^%^&*
(C) Immune response %&%&^*
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(D) Gas exchange %^$%%&
Correct Answer: (C) Immune response %&^*^&
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ELABORATION:The lymphatic system is crucial for immune
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responses, filtering pathogens and transporting lymphocytes. ^%



Question 10:
Which structure in the heart prevents backflow of blood into the
atria?
(A) Aortic valve
(B) Pulmonary valve
(C) Atrioventricular valves
(D) Semilunar valves
Correct Answer: (C) Atrioventricular valves
ELABORATION:The atrioventricular valves (tricuspid and mitral)
prevent backflow of blood from the ventricles into the atria during
contraction.


Question 11:
Which type of muscle is responsible for involuntary movements in