Exam Questions and Answers (2025/2026)
(Verified Answers)
1.Which of the following factors can have a negative effect on uterine
blood flow?
a. Hypertension
b. Epidural
c. Hemorrhage
d. Diabetes
e. All of the above ANS: e. All of the above
2.How does the fetus compensate for decreased maternal circulating
vol- ume?
a. Increases cardiac output by increasing stroke volume.
b. Increases cardiac output by increasing it's heart rate.
c. Increases cardiac output by increasing fetal movement. ANS: b.
Increases cardiac output by increasing it's heart rate.
3.Stimulating the vagus nerve typically produces:
a. A decrease in the heart rate
b. An increase in the heart rate
c. An increase in stroke volume
d. No change ANS: a. A decrease in the heart rate
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,4.What initially causes a chemoreceptor response?
a. Epidurals
b. Supine maternal position
c. Increased CO2 levels
d. Decreased O2 levels
e. A & C
f. A & B
g. C & D ANS: g. C & D
5.The vagus nerve begins maturation 26 to 28 weeks. Its dominance
results in what effect to the FHR baseline?
a. Increases baseline
b. Decreases baseline ANS: b. Decreases baseline
6.T/F: Oxygen exchange in the placenta takes place in the intervillous space
ANS: True
7.T/F: The parasympathetic nervous system is a cardioaccelerator. ANS:
False
8.T/F: Baroreceptors are stretch receptors which respond to increases
or decreases in blood pressure. ANS: True
9.T/F: There are two electronic fetal monitoring methods of obtaining the
fetal heart rate: the ultrasound transducer and the fetal spiral electrode.
ANS: True
10.T/F: Variability can be determined with the fetoscope. ANS: False
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, 11.T/F: Because the ultrasound transducer and toco transducer are
sealed units, they can be dipped in warm water to make cleaning easier.
ANS: False
12.T/F: The most common artifact with the ultrasound transducer system
for fetal heart rate is increased variability. ANS: True
13.T/F: All fetal monitors contain a logic system designed to reject artifact.: -
ANS True
14.T/F: The monitor should always be tested before starting a tracing,
either external or internal mode and labeled a test. ANS: True
15. T/F: The paper speed on the fetal monitor should always be set at
1cm/min.-
ANS: False
16.T/F: Both internal and external monitoring methods are equally
accurate means of obtaining the fetal heart rate and contraction patterns.
ANS: False
17.T/F: The external toco is usually placed over the uterine fundus to pick
up contractions. ANS: True
18.T/F: The external toco gives measurable uterine pressure. ANS: False
19.T/F: The fetal spiral electrode can be placed when vaginal bleeding
of unknown origin is present. ANS: False
20.T/F: The ultrasound transducer is usually placed on the side of the
uterus over the baby's back, as the fetal heart is heard best there. ANS:
True
21.T/F: The spiral electrode is used to more accurately determine the
frequen- cy, duration, and intensity of uterine contractions. ANS: False
22.T/F: The heart rate from a well-applied fetal spiral electrode can only
be fetal, not maternal. ANS: False
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, 23.T/F: The intrauterine catheter is used to pick up the fetal heart rate. ANS:
False
24.T/F: The internal spiral electrode may pick up the maternal heart rate if the
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baby has died. ANS: True
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25.T/F: Fetal arrhythmias can be seen on both internal and external monitor
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tracings. ANS: True
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26.T/F: Variability and periodic changes can be detected with both internal
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and external monitoring. ANS: True
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27.T/F: Variable decelerations are a result of cord compression. ANS: True
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28.T/F: The presence of FHR accelerations in the intrapartum and antepartum
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periods is a sign of adequate fetal oxygenation. ANS: True
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29.T/F: Variable decelerations are a vagal response.ANS: True
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30.T/F: Late decelerations have a gradual decrease in FHR (onset to nadir 30
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seconds) and are delayed in timing with the nadir of the deceleration occurring
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after the peak of the contraction. ANS: True
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31.T/F: The fetal heart rate baseline can be determined during periods of
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marked variability. ANS: False
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d