Master the CCNA: Review Questions and Detailed
Solutions for Cisco Networking Chapters 7 to 14 – Your
Complete 2025 Certification Study Companion
Question 1: A _____ spans multiple geographic areas and is usually connected by common
telecommunication carriers.
a. LAN
b. SAN
c. WAN
d. MAN
Correct Answer: c. WAN
Rationale: A Wide Area Network (WAN) is designed to connect networks over large
geographical distances, often relying on services from telecommunication carriers. A LAN (Local
Area Network) covers a small area, a MAN (Metropolitan Area Network) covers a city, and a SAN
(Storage Area Network) is for storage devices.
Question 2: The term _____ refers to a series of storage devices, such as tapes, hard drives, &
CDs, that are networked together to provide very fast data storage for a network or subnetwork.
a. MAN
b. WAN
c. SAN
d. LAN
Correct Answer: c. SAN
Rationale: A Storage Area Network (SAN) is a specialized high-speed network that provides
block-level network access to consolidated, shared, and managed data storage. It's designed for
rapid data storage and retrieval.
,Question 3: The part of the company's network that allows access to employees is called the
____, which is completely separate from the Internet.
a. intranet
b. LAN
c. SAN
d. extranet
Correct Answer: a. intranet
Rationale: An intranet is a private, internal network within an organization that is accessible
only to its employees. It is kept separate from the public internet to ensure security and privacy
of internal resources. An extranet, on the other hand, allows controlled access to external
partners.
Question 4: The OSI model _____ layer defines the mechanical, electrical, & procedural events
occur during the physical transmission of electronic signals on the wire.
a. Physical
b. Transport
c. Data Link
d. Network
Correct Answer: a. Physical
Rationale: The Physical Layer (Layer 1) of the OSI model deals with the physical characteristics
of the network medium, including voltage levels, cabling specifications, connector types, and
the transmission of raw bits.
Question 5: The _____ sublayer of the Data Link layer defines how data is packaged for the
network.
a. MAC
b. RPC
c. CRC
,d. LLC
Correct Answer: d. LLC
Rationale: The Data Link Layer (Layer 2) is divided into two sublayers: the Logical Link Control
(LLC) sublayer and the Media Access Control (MAC) sublayer. The LLC sublayer handles
communication with the Network Layer and defines how data is packaged, including error
control and flow control. The MAC sublayer deals with physical addressing and media access.
Question 6: A(n) _____ address is a 48-bit address represented as a 12-digit hexadecimal
number given to each network card during production.
a. CRC
b. RPC
c. LLC
d. MAC
Correct Answer: d. MAC
Rationale: A MAC (Media Access Control) address is a unique, globally administered hardware
address assigned to network interface cards (NICs) by the manufacturer. It is a 48-bit address
typically represented in hexadecimal format (e.g., 00:1A:2B:3C:4D:5E).
Question 7: The protocols at the Network Layer allow computer to route packets to remote
networks using a _____ address.
a. burned in
b. BIA
c. logical
d. physical
Correct Answer: c. logical
Rationale: The Network Layer (Layer 3) uses logical addresses (like IP addresses) to identify
hosts and enable routing of packets across different networks. Physical addresses (like MAC
addresses or Burned-In Addresses - BIA) are used at the Data Link Layer for local communication
within a segment.
, Question 8: _____ protocols, such as User Datagram Protocol (UDP), do not require an ACK.
a. Presentation-layer
b. Connection-oriented
c. Connectionless
d. Network-layer
Correct Answer: c. Connectionless
Rationale: Connectionless protocols (like UDP) send data without first establishing a formal
connection or requiring acknowledgments (ACKs) of receipt. This prioritizes speed and efficiency
over guaranteed delivery, making them suitable for applications where some data loss is
acceptable (e.g., streaming video). Connection-oriented protocols (like TCP) require ACKs to
ensure reliable data transfer.
Question 9: Each layer in a protocol stack may add a(n) _____ to the data as it is passed down
the layers.
a. PDU
b. MTU
c. CRC
d. LLC
Correct Answer: a. PDU
Rationale: As data travels down the layers of the OSI or TCP/IP model, each layer encapsulates
the data received from the layer above it by adding its own header (and sometimes a trailer).
The resulting unit of data at each layer is called a Protocol Data Unit (PDU).
Question 10: On analog networks, devices that boost the signal are called _____.
a. routers
b. amplifiers
c. hubs
Solutions for Cisco Networking Chapters 7 to 14 – Your
Complete 2025 Certification Study Companion
Question 1: A _____ spans multiple geographic areas and is usually connected by common
telecommunication carriers.
a. LAN
b. SAN
c. WAN
d. MAN
Correct Answer: c. WAN
Rationale: A Wide Area Network (WAN) is designed to connect networks over large
geographical distances, often relying on services from telecommunication carriers. A LAN (Local
Area Network) covers a small area, a MAN (Metropolitan Area Network) covers a city, and a SAN
(Storage Area Network) is for storage devices.
Question 2: The term _____ refers to a series of storage devices, such as tapes, hard drives, &
CDs, that are networked together to provide very fast data storage for a network or subnetwork.
a. MAN
b. WAN
c. SAN
d. LAN
Correct Answer: c. SAN
Rationale: A Storage Area Network (SAN) is a specialized high-speed network that provides
block-level network access to consolidated, shared, and managed data storage. It's designed for
rapid data storage and retrieval.
,Question 3: The part of the company's network that allows access to employees is called the
____, which is completely separate from the Internet.
a. intranet
b. LAN
c. SAN
d. extranet
Correct Answer: a. intranet
Rationale: An intranet is a private, internal network within an organization that is accessible
only to its employees. It is kept separate from the public internet to ensure security and privacy
of internal resources. An extranet, on the other hand, allows controlled access to external
partners.
Question 4: The OSI model _____ layer defines the mechanical, electrical, & procedural events
occur during the physical transmission of electronic signals on the wire.
a. Physical
b. Transport
c. Data Link
d. Network
Correct Answer: a. Physical
Rationale: The Physical Layer (Layer 1) of the OSI model deals with the physical characteristics
of the network medium, including voltage levels, cabling specifications, connector types, and
the transmission of raw bits.
Question 5: The _____ sublayer of the Data Link layer defines how data is packaged for the
network.
a. MAC
b. RPC
c. CRC
,d. LLC
Correct Answer: d. LLC
Rationale: The Data Link Layer (Layer 2) is divided into two sublayers: the Logical Link Control
(LLC) sublayer and the Media Access Control (MAC) sublayer. The LLC sublayer handles
communication with the Network Layer and defines how data is packaged, including error
control and flow control. The MAC sublayer deals with physical addressing and media access.
Question 6: A(n) _____ address is a 48-bit address represented as a 12-digit hexadecimal
number given to each network card during production.
a. CRC
b. RPC
c. LLC
d. MAC
Correct Answer: d. MAC
Rationale: A MAC (Media Access Control) address is a unique, globally administered hardware
address assigned to network interface cards (NICs) by the manufacturer. It is a 48-bit address
typically represented in hexadecimal format (e.g., 00:1A:2B:3C:4D:5E).
Question 7: The protocols at the Network Layer allow computer to route packets to remote
networks using a _____ address.
a. burned in
b. BIA
c. logical
d. physical
Correct Answer: c. logical
Rationale: The Network Layer (Layer 3) uses logical addresses (like IP addresses) to identify
hosts and enable routing of packets across different networks. Physical addresses (like MAC
addresses or Burned-In Addresses - BIA) are used at the Data Link Layer for local communication
within a segment.
, Question 8: _____ protocols, such as User Datagram Protocol (UDP), do not require an ACK.
a. Presentation-layer
b. Connection-oriented
c. Connectionless
d. Network-layer
Correct Answer: c. Connectionless
Rationale: Connectionless protocols (like UDP) send data without first establishing a formal
connection or requiring acknowledgments (ACKs) of receipt. This prioritizes speed and efficiency
over guaranteed delivery, making them suitable for applications where some data loss is
acceptable (e.g., streaming video). Connection-oriented protocols (like TCP) require ACKs to
ensure reliable data transfer.
Question 9: Each layer in a protocol stack may add a(n) _____ to the data as it is passed down
the layers.
a. PDU
b. MTU
c. CRC
d. LLC
Correct Answer: a. PDU
Rationale: As data travels down the layers of the OSI or TCP/IP model, each layer encapsulates
the data received from the layer above it by adding its own header (and sometimes a trailer).
The resulting unit of data at each layer is called a Protocol Data Unit (PDU).
Question 10: On analog networks, devices that boost the signal are called _____.
a. routers
b. amplifiers
c. hubs
