CCNA Guide to Cisco Networking – Chapter 13
Review Questions with Detailed Answers: Master
VLANs, Trunking, and Network Segmentation for
Exam Success
Question 1: If you want to see the hexadecimal boot setting for the configuration register, which
command would you use? (Choose all that apply.)
a) router> sh int
b) router> sh ver
c) router#sh ver
d) router#sh int
Correct Answer: c) router#sh ver
Rationale: The show version command executed in privileged EXEC mode (indicated by the #
prompt) displays detailed information about the router, including the current value of the
configuration register in hexadecimal format. Options a and d show interface information.
Option b is in user EXEC mode (>) and might not show the full detail or allow all configurations.
Question 2: When the trace command is used, multiple packets are sent to a remote destination
with:1
a) progressively higher TTL values until a packet reaches the destination2
b) progressively lower TTL values until a packet is returned from the destination3
c) progressively smaller hop4 counts
d) pull routing tables
Correct Answer: a) progressively higher TTL values until a packet reaches the destination
Rationale: The trace (or traceroute) command works by sending a series of packets, starting
with a Time-To-Live (TTL) value of 1. Each subsequent set of packets has its TTL incremented
,(e.g., 2, 3, 4, etc.). When a router receives a packet with a TTL of 1, it decrements it to 0 and
sends an ICMP "Time Exceeded" message back to the source, thus revealing itself as a hop in
the path. This process continues until the packet reaches the destination.
Question 3: If you want to configure the values that Ping uses and have access to extended
mode ping options, which of the following represents the appropriate prompt and the
command you would type before pressing the5 Enter key?
a) router#ping
b) router#ping ex md
c) router#ping motd
d) router> ping
e) router#ping -e
f) router> ping -e
Correct Answer: a) router#ping
Rationale: To access extended ping options on a Cisco router, you typically type ping at the
privileged EXEC mode prompt (router#) and then press Enter without specifying an IP address
immediately. The router will then prompt you for various extended parameters like protocol,
target IP address, repeat count, datagram size, etc.
Question 4: What is usually stored in NVRAM? (Choose all that apply.)
a) configuration register
b) backup copy of the IOS
c) limited version of the IOS
d) configuration file
Correct Answers: a) configuration register AND d) configuration file
Rationale: NVRAM (Non-Volatile RAM) is used to store data that needs to persist across
reboots. On a Cisco router, this includes the startup-configuration file (the saved running
configuration) and the configuration register value, which controls how the router boots. The
Cisco IOS image itself is stored in Flash memory, not NVRAM.
, Question 5: Which of the following connectivity utilities use ICMP messages for troubleshooting
the connection? (Choose all that apply.)
a) Ping
b) Telnet
c) Trace
d) IP route
e) Show version
Correct Answers: a) Ping AND c) Trace
Rationale:
• Ping uses ICMP Echo Request and Echo Reply messages to test host reachability.
• Trace (or traceroute) uses ICMP Time Exceeded messages to discover the path packets
take to a destination.
• Telnet is an application-layer protocol for remote login. show ip route and show version
are commands to display information, not to generate ICMP messages for connectivity
testing.
Question 6: Which layer of the OSI model contains the Telnet utility?
a) Application
b) Network
c) Data Link
d) Physical
e) Transport
Correct Answer: a) Application
Rationale: Telnet is an application-layer protocol (Layer 7 of the OSI model) that provides
remote command-line access. It interacts directly with user applications and provides network
services to them.
Review Questions with Detailed Answers: Master
VLANs, Trunking, and Network Segmentation for
Exam Success
Question 1: If you want to see the hexadecimal boot setting for the configuration register, which
command would you use? (Choose all that apply.)
a) router> sh int
b) router> sh ver
c) router#sh ver
d) router#sh int
Correct Answer: c) router#sh ver
Rationale: The show version command executed in privileged EXEC mode (indicated by the #
prompt) displays detailed information about the router, including the current value of the
configuration register in hexadecimal format. Options a and d show interface information.
Option b is in user EXEC mode (>) and might not show the full detail or allow all configurations.
Question 2: When the trace command is used, multiple packets are sent to a remote destination
with:1
a) progressively higher TTL values until a packet reaches the destination2
b) progressively lower TTL values until a packet is returned from the destination3
c) progressively smaller hop4 counts
d) pull routing tables
Correct Answer: a) progressively higher TTL values until a packet reaches the destination
Rationale: The trace (or traceroute) command works by sending a series of packets, starting
with a Time-To-Live (TTL) value of 1. Each subsequent set of packets has its TTL incremented
,(e.g., 2, 3, 4, etc.). When a router receives a packet with a TTL of 1, it decrements it to 0 and
sends an ICMP "Time Exceeded" message back to the source, thus revealing itself as a hop in
the path. This process continues until the packet reaches the destination.
Question 3: If you want to configure the values that Ping uses and have access to extended
mode ping options, which of the following represents the appropriate prompt and the
command you would type before pressing the5 Enter key?
a) router#ping
b) router#ping ex md
c) router#ping motd
d) router> ping
e) router#ping -e
f) router> ping -e
Correct Answer: a) router#ping
Rationale: To access extended ping options on a Cisco router, you typically type ping at the
privileged EXEC mode prompt (router#) and then press Enter without specifying an IP address
immediately. The router will then prompt you for various extended parameters like protocol,
target IP address, repeat count, datagram size, etc.
Question 4: What is usually stored in NVRAM? (Choose all that apply.)
a) configuration register
b) backup copy of the IOS
c) limited version of the IOS
d) configuration file
Correct Answers: a) configuration register AND d) configuration file
Rationale: NVRAM (Non-Volatile RAM) is used to store data that needs to persist across
reboots. On a Cisco router, this includes the startup-configuration file (the saved running
configuration) and the configuration register value, which controls how the router boots. The
Cisco IOS image itself is stored in Flash memory, not NVRAM.
, Question 5: Which of the following connectivity utilities use ICMP messages for troubleshooting
the connection? (Choose all that apply.)
a) Ping
b) Telnet
c) Trace
d) IP route
e) Show version
Correct Answers: a) Ping AND c) Trace
Rationale:
• Ping uses ICMP Echo Request and Echo Reply messages to test host reachability.
• Trace (or traceroute) uses ICMP Time Exceeded messages to discover the path packets
take to a destination.
• Telnet is an application-layer protocol for remote login. show ip route and show version
are commands to display information, not to generate ICMP messages for connectivity
testing.
Question 6: Which layer of the OSI model contains the Telnet utility?
a) Application
b) Network
c) Data Link
d) Physical
e) Transport
Correct Answer: a) Application
Rationale: Telnet is an application-layer protocol (Layer 7 of the OSI model) that provides
remote command-line access. It interacts directly with user applications and provides network
services to them.
