MN551 Final Exam Study Guide Questions And Answers
Verified 100% Correct
A 21-year-old female is suspected of having inadequate function of her
hypothalamicpituitary-thyroid system. Her care provider is planning to inject thyrotropin-
releasing hormone (TRH) and then measure her levels of TSH. Which of the following
diagnostic tests is being performed?
Question options:
Metabolite excretion test
Stimulation test
Radioimmunoassay (RIA) test
Suppression test - ANSWER Stimulation test
Which of the following questions is most likely to be clinically useful in the differential
diagnosis of sensorineural versus conductive hearing loss?
Question options:
"Do you ever hear a persistent ringing in your ears?"
"Has your hearing loss developed quickly or more slowly?"
"What effect is this hearing loss having on your quality of life?"
"What medications do you currently take?" - ANSWER "What medications do you
currently take?"
A stroke affecting which of the following areas of the brain would be most likely to leave
an individual's vestibular system intact and posture and balance maintained?
Question options:
The limbic system of the cerebrum
The temporal and parietal cortex
The thalamus
The brain stem - ANSWER The limbic system of the cerebrum
,A 46-year-old male has presented to the emergency department because of the eye
pain, severe headache, and blurred vision that have followed an eye exam at an
optometrist's office earlier in the day. The patient tells the triage nurse that he received
eyedrops during the exam "to keep my pupils wide open." What differential diagnosis
will the care team first suspect?
Question options:
Angle-closure glaucoma
Corneal trauma
Keratitis
Infectious conjunctivitis - ANSWER Angle-closure glaucoma
A 60-year-old man has long managed his type 1 diabetes effectively with a combination
of vigilant blood sugar monitoring, subcutaneous insulin administration, and
conscientious eating habits. This morning, however, his wife has noted that he appears
pale and clammy and to be in a stupor, though he is responsive. She suspects that he
has made an error in his insulin administration and that he is experiencing a
hypoglycemic episode. Which of the following actions should be the wife's first choice?
Careful monitoring for level of consciousness and resolution of hypoglycemia
IV infusion of 50% dextrose and water solution
Administration of subcutaneous glucagon
Administration of 15 to 20 g of glucose in a concentrated carbohydrate source -
ANSWER Administration of 15 to 20 g of glucose in a concentrated carbohydrate
source
A 29-year-old woman has been diagnosed with otosclerosis after several years of
progressive hearing loss. What pathophysiologic process has characterized her
diagnosis?
Her tympanic cavity is becoming filled with bone due to inappropriate osteogenesis.
Her temporal bone is experiencing unusually rapid resorption.
Her incus, malleus, and stapes have become disconnected from her normal neural
pathways.
,New, sclerotic bone has been formed around her stapes and oval window -
ANSWER
New, sclerotic bone has been formed around her stapes and oval window
Large amounts of glucagon were recently released into an individual's circulation, but
glucagon circulation has now ceased. Which of the following situations could have led to
this inhibition of glucagon release?
A decrease in cellular metabolic needs and an increase in glucose levels
Recent intake of large amounts of protein-rich food
Recent strenuous physical activity
A sharp decrease in blood glucose concentration - ANSWER A decrease in
cellular metabolic needs and an increase in glucose levels
Which of the following hormones are derivatives of cholesterol?
Eicosanoids and retinoids
Aldosterone and testosterone
Insulin and glucagon
Epinephrine and norepinephrine - ANSWER Aldosterone and testosterone
An endocrinologist is providing care for a 30-year-old male who has lived with the
effects of increased levels of GH. Which of the following teaching points about the
patient's future health risks is most accurate?
"When your pituitary gland is enlarged, there's a real risk that you'll develop some sight
deficiencies.
"The high levels of GH that circulate in your body can result in damage to your liver."
"GH excess inhibits your pancreas from producing enough insulin."
"It's not unusual for unusually high GH levels to cause damage to your hypothalamus." -
ANSWER "When your pituitary gland is enlarged, there's a real risk that you'll
develop some sight deficiencies.
, Which of the following measures would likely be rejected as part of a first-line weight
loss plan for a patient with a BMI of 30.2, type 2 diabetes, and hypertension?
30 minutes or more of moderate-intensity activity at least 3 days per week
Calorie reduction by 500 to 1,000 kcal/day
Gastric bypass
Prescription drug therapy - ANSWER Gastric bypass
A nurse practitioner is providing care for a male patient with a long-standing hiatal
hernia. Which of the following statements most accurately captures an aspect of the
pathophysiology of hiatal hernias?
An incompetent pyloric sphincter and high fat diet are commonly implicated in the
development of hiatal hernias.
If esophageal acid clearance is impaired, esophagitis can result.
The root causes of hiatal hernias are normally treatable with medication.
Paraesophageal hiatal hernias are common and are normally not treated if the patient is
asymptomatic. - ANSWER If esophageal acid clearance is impaired, esophagitis
can result.
Which of the following patients is most clearly displaying the signs and symptoms of
IBD?
A 24-year-old man who has a stressful job but whose diarrhea and cramping do not
worsen during periods of high stress.
A 44-year-old man who is under great financial stress and who states that his lower
abdominal pain is much worse at night than during the day.
A 51-year-old male who states that his stomach pain is in his lower abdomen, "comes
and goes," and "feels more like a cramp than a dull ache."
A 32-year-old mother who complains of intermittent abdominal pain that persists even
after defecation. - ANSWER A 51-year-old male who states that his stomach pain
Verified 100% Correct
A 21-year-old female is suspected of having inadequate function of her
hypothalamicpituitary-thyroid system. Her care provider is planning to inject thyrotropin-
releasing hormone (TRH) and then measure her levels of TSH. Which of the following
diagnostic tests is being performed?
Question options:
Metabolite excretion test
Stimulation test
Radioimmunoassay (RIA) test
Suppression test - ANSWER Stimulation test
Which of the following questions is most likely to be clinically useful in the differential
diagnosis of sensorineural versus conductive hearing loss?
Question options:
"Do you ever hear a persistent ringing in your ears?"
"Has your hearing loss developed quickly or more slowly?"
"What effect is this hearing loss having on your quality of life?"
"What medications do you currently take?" - ANSWER "What medications do you
currently take?"
A stroke affecting which of the following areas of the brain would be most likely to leave
an individual's vestibular system intact and posture and balance maintained?
Question options:
The limbic system of the cerebrum
The temporal and parietal cortex
The thalamus
The brain stem - ANSWER The limbic system of the cerebrum
,A 46-year-old male has presented to the emergency department because of the eye
pain, severe headache, and blurred vision that have followed an eye exam at an
optometrist's office earlier in the day. The patient tells the triage nurse that he received
eyedrops during the exam "to keep my pupils wide open." What differential diagnosis
will the care team first suspect?
Question options:
Angle-closure glaucoma
Corneal trauma
Keratitis
Infectious conjunctivitis - ANSWER Angle-closure glaucoma
A 60-year-old man has long managed his type 1 diabetes effectively with a combination
of vigilant blood sugar monitoring, subcutaneous insulin administration, and
conscientious eating habits. This morning, however, his wife has noted that he appears
pale and clammy and to be in a stupor, though he is responsive. She suspects that he
has made an error in his insulin administration and that he is experiencing a
hypoglycemic episode. Which of the following actions should be the wife's first choice?
Careful monitoring for level of consciousness and resolution of hypoglycemia
IV infusion of 50% dextrose and water solution
Administration of subcutaneous glucagon
Administration of 15 to 20 g of glucose in a concentrated carbohydrate source -
ANSWER Administration of 15 to 20 g of glucose in a concentrated carbohydrate
source
A 29-year-old woman has been diagnosed with otosclerosis after several years of
progressive hearing loss. What pathophysiologic process has characterized her
diagnosis?
Her tympanic cavity is becoming filled with bone due to inappropriate osteogenesis.
Her temporal bone is experiencing unusually rapid resorption.
Her incus, malleus, and stapes have become disconnected from her normal neural
pathways.
,New, sclerotic bone has been formed around her stapes and oval window -
ANSWER
New, sclerotic bone has been formed around her stapes and oval window
Large amounts of glucagon were recently released into an individual's circulation, but
glucagon circulation has now ceased. Which of the following situations could have led to
this inhibition of glucagon release?
A decrease in cellular metabolic needs and an increase in glucose levels
Recent intake of large amounts of protein-rich food
Recent strenuous physical activity
A sharp decrease in blood glucose concentration - ANSWER A decrease in
cellular metabolic needs and an increase in glucose levels
Which of the following hormones are derivatives of cholesterol?
Eicosanoids and retinoids
Aldosterone and testosterone
Insulin and glucagon
Epinephrine and norepinephrine - ANSWER Aldosterone and testosterone
An endocrinologist is providing care for a 30-year-old male who has lived with the
effects of increased levels of GH. Which of the following teaching points about the
patient's future health risks is most accurate?
"When your pituitary gland is enlarged, there's a real risk that you'll develop some sight
deficiencies.
"The high levels of GH that circulate in your body can result in damage to your liver."
"GH excess inhibits your pancreas from producing enough insulin."
"It's not unusual for unusually high GH levels to cause damage to your hypothalamus." -
ANSWER "When your pituitary gland is enlarged, there's a real risk that you'll
develop some sight deficiencies.
, Which of the following measures would likely be rejected as part of a first-line weight
loss plan for a patient with a BMI of 30.2, type 2 diabetes, and hypertension?
30 minutes or more of moderate-intensity activity at least 3 days per week
Calorie reduction by 500 to 1,000 kcal/day
Gastric bypass
Prescription drug therapy - ANSWER Gastric bypass
A nurse practitioner is providing care for a male patient with a long-standing hiatal
hernia. Which of the following statements most accurately captures an aspect of the
pathophysiology of hiatal hernias?
An incompetent pyloric sphincter and high fat diet are commonly implicated in the
development of hiatal hernias.
If esophageal acid clearance is impaired, esophagitis can result.
The root causes of hiatal hernias are normally treatable with medication.
Paraesophageal hiatal hernias are common and are normally not treated if the patient is
asymptomatic. - ANSWER If esophageal acid clearance is impaired, esophagitis
can result.
Which of the following patients is most clearly displaying the signs and symptoms of
IBD?
A 24-year-old man who has a stressful job but whose diarrhea and cramping do not
worsen during periods of high stress.
A 44-year-old man who is under great financial stress and who states that his lower
abdominal pain is much worse at night than during the day.
A 51-year-old male who states that his stomach pain is in his lower abdomen, "comes
and goes," and "feels more like a cramp than a dull ache."
A 32-year-old mother who complains of intermittent abdominal pain that persists even
after defecation. - ANSWER A 51-year-old male who states that his stomach pain
