Multiple Choice and Conceptual Actual Exam Questions
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1. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is used to identify
the location of obstruction in which organs? Select all that apply.
Liver.
Gallbladder.
Ilieum.
Bile ducts.
Pancreas. - ANSWER 1,2,4,5
Rationale: ERCP is a radiographic examination of the liver, gallbladder, bile
ducts, and pancreas to treat problems of the bile and pancreatic ducts.
2. A 74-year-old male complains of new-onset of headaches. The headaches
are described as bilateral frontal and most severe when arises in the
morning; and when coughing. The history is consistent with headaches
caused by:
tension-type headache
cluster-type headache
increased intracranial pressure
migraine with aura - ANSWER 3 secondary headaches caused by IICP-
awakening the brain swelling is the worst.
,3. A patient is diagnosed with oral candidiasis and the physician prescribes
nystatin (Mycostatin) oral suspension for treatment. What instruction
should the nurse include in the patient teaching?
Do not take this medication if your mouth stops hurting.
Swish the medication around in your mouth for several minutes before
swallowing.
Take this medication once a day after breakfast.
Spit the medication out after you use it for a few seconds. - ANSWER #2
Rationale: The patient is instructed to swish and swallow the oral suspension of
nystatin. The oral suspension should be used four times a day for 7 to 10 days
for fungal infections in the oral cavity.
4. The nurse is caring for a client following craniotomy for removal of an
acoustic neuroma. Assessment of which cranial nerve would identify a
complication specifically associated with this surgery?
Cranial nerve I, olfactory
Cranial nerve IV, trochlear
Cranial nerve III, oculomotor
Cranial nerve VII, facial nerve - ANSWER 4, An acoustic neuroma (or
vestibular schwannoma) is a unilateral benign tumor that occurs where the
vestibulocochlear or acoustic nerve (cranial nerve VIII) enters the internal
auditory canal. It is important that an early diagnosis be made because the
tumor can compress the trigeminal and facial nerves and arteries within the
internal auditory canal. Treatment for acoustic neuroma is surgical removal via
a craniotomy. Assessment of the trigeminal and facial nerves is important.
Extreme care is taken to preserve remaining hearing and preserve the function
of the facial nerve. Acoustic neuromas rarely recur following surgical removal.
, 5. The nurse should expect to find elevated aspartate aminotransferase (AST)
and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) is a patient with what diagnosis?
Aspiration pneumonia.
Viral hepatitis.
Esophageal varices.
Clostridium difficile. - ANSWER #2
Rationale: AST and ALT are enzymes found in the liver and these enzymes are
elevated in most liver disorders such as viral hepatitis and cirrhosis of the liver.
6. The nurse is admitting a client with major depression. It would be a priority
for the nurse to
A. Determine if the client was voluntarily admitted
B. Ask the client if suicide has been contemplated
C. Have the client's possessions searched for sharps
D. Administer to the client the prescribed antidepressant - ANSWER B
Asking about suicidal thoughts or plans is a priority when caring for the
depressed client. The person may not volunteer this information without being
asked. If the client answers yes, further assessment is required, and suicide
precautions initiated
7. A parent brings her 4-month-old infant to a well-baby clinic for
immunizations. The child is up to date with the immunization schedule. The
nurse should prepare to administer which immunizations to this infant?
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Varicella, hepatitis B vaccine (HepB)