NR 568 weeks 5-8 FINAL Questions With Complete
Solutions
Amantadine, Amoxetine, Amitriptyline classes
PD antiviral; also known as strattera for ADHD; TCA
Adverse reaction of Kava
Liver injury requiring transplant
Adverse reactions with Ginkgo Biloba (3)
Spontaneous bleeding, seizures, vertigo
Adverse reactions with Ginger Root
Cardiac dysthymias and CNS with excessive doses
Androgen therapy
Therapeutic Goal: To manage hypogonadism and subsequent
testosterone deficiency through testosterone supplementation.
Baseline Data: Serum testosterone concentration, complete
blood count (CBC), lipid panel, liver function, prostate specific
antigen (PSA).
Monitoring: Serum testosterone concentration, lipids, liver
function, and PSA after 1 year (refer to urologist for evaluation
if PSA is greater than 4.0 ng/mL or greater than 1.4 ng/mL
above baseline)
Identifying High-Risk Patients: Androgens are contraindicated
for pregnant women, for men who have prostate cancer or breast
cancer, and for enhancing athletic performance.
,Evaluating Therapeutic Effects: Development of secondary
sex characteristics and restoration of energy, libido, and other
symptoms of testosterone deficiency.
effects of androgen therapy
Pubertal transformation (puberty)
Spermatogenesis
Anabolic effects (muscle stimulation)
Erythropoietin production
therapeutic used for androgen therapy
Male hypogonadism
Replacement therapy
Delayed puberty
For menopausal women
Cachexia (to not loose muscle mass)
Anemias
Transgender men (female to male)
adverse effects of androgen therapy
Abuse of androgens has both physical and psychological side
effects.
testicular shrinkage
sterility
gynecomastia
acne
hypertension
increase in LDL; decrease in HDL
hepatotoxicity
,renal damage
menstrual irregularities
virilization
reduction in growth (height)
depression
manic episodes
Aggressiveness
Testosterone may stop bone growth and cause precocious
puberty (early puberty) in children and teenagers.
monitoring for androgen therapy
Evaluation for epiphyseal closure ( marks the end of growth of
that particular bone) should be done with radiographs every
six months
Role of androgens in treating anemia
relieve anemia by promoting synthesis of erythropoietin, the
renal hormone that stimulates production of red blood cells, and
possibly white blood cells and platelets.
Preferred administration route of alprostadil and why
Intracavernous (a shot into the penis). It is more effective than
transurethral. topical or cream and can be done at home after
initial consultation and education by the provider.
Testosterone gels (AndroGel, Testim, Vogelxo)
(1) cause less local irritation, (2) cannot fall off, and (3) produce
more consistent testosterone levels.
The principal disadvantage of the gels is that testosterone can be
transferred to others by skin-to-skin contact.
, This is possible because only 10% of an applied dose is
absorbed; the other 90% remains on the skin after the gel dries.
Erectile Dysfunction (ED)
Patient Teaching
high-fat meal will delay absorption of avanafil, sildenafil, or
vardenafil (but not tadalafil)
grapefruit juice should be avoided because this can raise PDE-5
inhibitor levels
in men who experience cardiac symptoms (e.g., anginal pain,
lightheadedness) during sex to refrain from further sexual
activity and discuss the event with their prescriber.
seek immediate medical attention if an erection lasts more
than 4 h. Prolonged priapism can cause permanent damage.
stop their PDE-5 inhibitor and seek immediate medical attention
if they experience sudden loss of vision in one or both eyes or if
hearing loss develops.
avoid nitrates for at least 12 h after taking avanafil, for at least
24 h after taking sildenafil or vardenafil, and for at least 48 h
after taking tadalafil.
Medication Classes used to treat ED
PDE-5 Inhibitors (Viagra, Cialis)
Prostaglandin E1 (Alprostadil)
Vasodilator + A-adrenergic antagonist (Papaverine with
phentolamine)
Vasodilators
Solutions
Amantadine, Amoxetine, Amitriptyline classes
PD antiviral; also known as strattera for ADHD; TCA
Adverse reaction of Kava
Liver injury requiring transplant
Adverse reactions with Ginkgo Biloba (3)
Spontaneous bleeding, seizures, vertigo
Adverse reactions with Ginger Root
Cardiac dysthymias and CNS with excessive doses
Androgen therapy
Therapeutic Goal: To manage hypogonadism and subsequent
testosterone deficiency through testosterone supplementation.
Baseline Data: Serum testosterone concentration, complete
blood count (CBC), lipid panel, liver function, prostate specific
antigen (PSA).
Monitoring: Serum testosterone concentration, lipids, liver
function, and PSA after 1 year (refer to urologist for evaluation
if PSA is greater than 4.0 ng/mL or greater than 1.4 ng/mL
above baseline)
Identifying High-Risk Patients: Androgens are contraindicated
for pregnant women, for men who have prostate cancer or breast
cancer, and for enhancing athletic performance.
,Evaluating Therapeutic Effects: Development of secondary
sex characteristics and restoration of energy, libido, and other
symptoms of testosterone deficiency.
effects of androgen therapy
Pubertal transformation (puberty)
Spermatogenesis
Anabolic effects (muscle stimulation)
Erythropoietin production
therapeutic used for androgen therapy
Male hypogonadism
Replacement therapy
Delayed puberty
For menopausal women
Cachexia (to not loose muscle mass)
Anemias
Transgender men (female to male)
adverse effects of androgen therapy
Abuse of androgens has both physical and psychological side
effects.
testicular shrinkage
sterility
gynecomastia
acne
hypertension
increase in LDL; decrease in HDL
hepatotoxicity
,renal damage
menstrual irregularities
virilization
reduction in growth (height)
depression
manic episodes
Aggressiveness
Testosterone may stop bone growth and cause precocious
puberty (early puberty) in children and teenagers.
monitoring for androgen therapy
Evaluation for epiphyseal closure ( marks the end of growth of
that particular bone) should be done with radiographs every
six months
Role of androgens in treating anemia
relieve anemia by promoting synthesis of erythropoietin, the
renal hormone that stimulates production of red blood cells, and
possibly white blood cells and platelets.
Preferred administration route of alprostadil and why
Intracavernous (a shot into the penis). It is more effective than
transurethral. topical or cream and can be done at home after
initial consultation and education by the provider.
Testosterone gels (AndroGel, Testim, Vogelxo)
(1) cause less local irritation, (2) cannot fall off, and (3) produce
more consistent testosterone levels.
The principal disadvantage of the gels is that testosterone can be
transferred to others by skin-to-skin contact.
, This is possible because only 10% of an applied dose is
absorbed; the other 90% remains on the skin after the gel dries.
Erectile Dysfunction (ED)
Patient Teaching
high-fat meal will delay absorption of avanafil, sildenafil, or
vardenafil (but not tadalafil)
grapefruit juice should be avoided because this can raise PDE-5
inhibitor levels
in men who experience cardiac symptoms (e.g., anginal pain,
lightheadedness) during sex to refrain from further sexual
activity and discuss the event with their prescriber.
seek immediate medical attention if an erection lasts more
than 4 h. Prolonged priapism can cause permanent damage.
stop their PDE-5 inhibitor and seek immediate medical attention
if they experience sudden loss of vision in one or both eyes or if
hearing loss develops.
avoid nitrates for at least 12 h after taking avanafil, for at least
24 h after taking sildenafil or vardenafil, and for at least 48 h
after taking tadalafil.
Medication Classes used to treat ED
PDE-5 Inhibitors (Viagra, Cialis)
Prostaglandin E1 (Alprostadil)
Vasodilator + A-adrenergic antagonist (Papaverine with
phentolamine)
Vasodilators
