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UT TYLER FNP NURS 5350 Adv Patho
Exam 1 2025 | Latest Actual Questions
With Answers
What is the most common cause of cellular injury? - Correct-answer-hypoxia (lack
of oxygen)
What is the most common cause of hypoxia? - Correct-answer-ischemia (reduced
blood supply)
chemical injury to cells - Correct-answer-begins w/ a biochemical interaction
between a toxic substance and the cell's plasma membrane (which is ultimately
damaged)-->leading to increased permeability
examples of chemical injury - Correct-answer-carbon tetrachloride (CC14) converts
into a free radical; chemical poisoning including lead, carbon monoxide, and
ethanol
Physical Injury of Cell - Correct-answer-direct trauma from external force;
inflammatory response
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ionizing radiation - Correct-answer-x-rays, gamma rays, alpha and beta rays, and
sunlight lead to damaged DNA; cells that rapidly divide are most sensitive;
example cells are fetus, germ cells, tumor cells, GI mucosa and bone; effects may
be immediate or delayed depending on dose and duration of exposure
Hypothermic injury - Correct-answer-frostbite; initial vasoconstriction w/ paralysis
of vasomotor control leading to vasodilation-->increased membrane permeability-
->cellular swelling-->increased blood viscosity-->ischemic injury; thrombosis can
also occur leading to gangrene
Hyperthermic injury - Correct-answer-burn; tissues destroyed; injury depends
upon extent of injury and how many skin layers are involved
partial thickness injuries - Correct-answer-capillary dilation and increased loss of
protein-rich fluid (redness, swelling, and blistering)
full thickness injuries - Correct-answer-extensive loss of fluid and plasma proteins;
cellular regeneration is not possible so grafting is needed to protect and heal
5 types of necrosis - Correct-answer-coagulative, liquefactive, caseous, fat
necrosis, gangrenous
Coagulative necrosis - Correct-answer-cell proteins are altered or denatured;
caused from hypoxia caused by severe ischemia
Where does coagulative necrosis primarily occur? - Correct-answer-heart, kidneys,
and adrenal gland
UT TYLER FNP NURS 5350 Adv Patho
Exam 1 2025 | Latest Actual Questions
With Answers
What is the most common cause of cellular injury? - Correct-answer-hypoxia (lack
of oxygen)
What is the most common cause of hypoxia? - Correct-answer-ischemia (reduced
blood supply)
chemical injury to cells - Correct-answer-begins w/ a biochemical interaction
between a toxic substance and the cell's plasma membrane (which is ultimately
damaged)-->leading to increased permeability
examples of chemical injury - Correct-answer-carbon tetrachloride (CC14) converts
into a free radical; chemical poisoning including lead, carbon monoxide, and
ethanol
Physical Injury of Cell - Correct-answer-direct trauma from external force;
inflammatory response
, 2|Page
ionizing radiation - Correct-answer-x-rays, gamma rays, alpha and beta rays, and
sunlight lead to damaged DNA; cells that rapidly divide are most sensitive;
example cells are fetus, germ cells, tumor cells, GI mucosa and bone; effects may
be immediate or delayed depending on dose and duration of exposure
Hypothermic injury - Correct-answer-frostbite; initial vasoconstriction w/ paralysis
of vasomotor control leading to vasodilation-->increased membrane permeability-
->cellular swelling-->increased blood viscosity-->ischemic injury; thrombosis can
also occur leading to gangrene
Hyperthermic injury - Correct-answer-burn; tissues destroyed; injury depends
upon extent of injury and how many skin layers are involved
partial thickness injuries - Correct-answer-capillary dilation and increased loss of
protein-rich fluid (redness, swelling, and blistering)
full thickness injuries - Correct-answer-extensive loss of fluid and plasma proteins;
cellular regeneration is not possible so grafting is needed to protect and heal
5 types of necrosis - Correct-answer-coagulative, liquefactive, caseous, fat
necrosis, gangrenous
Coagulative necrosis - Correct-answer-cell proteins are altered or denatured;
caused from hypoxia caused by severe ischemia
Where does coagulative necrosis primarily occur? - Correct-answer-heart, kidneys,
and adrenal gland
