RN Pharmacology HESI Exam 2025 |–
250 Verified Questions with Rationalized
Answers | Complete Test Bank | 100%
Pass Guaranteed
Cardiovascular Medications (Questions 1–30)
Question 1
A client with hypertension is prescribed lisinopril. Which side effect should the nurse monitor?
A. Hypoglycemia
B. Dry cough
C. Weight loss
D. Bradycardia
Correct Answer: B
Rationales:
A: Lisinopril does not affect blood glucose.
B: Dry cough is common due to bradykinin accumulation.
C: Weight loss is not typical; weight gain may occur.
D: Bradycardia is associated with beta-blockers.
Question 2
A client with atrial fibrillation has an INR of 5.0 on warfarin. What should the nurse do?
A. Administer the next dose
B. Notify the provider
C. Encourage vitamin K-rich foods
D. Monitor for bleeding only
Correct Answer: B
Rationales:
, A: INR of 5.0 is too high (therapeutic: 2.0–3.0); continuing is unsafe.
B: Provider notification is needed for dose adjustment or vitamin K.
C: Vitamin K-rich foods decrease warfarin’s effect.
D: Monitoring alone is insufficient.
Question 3
A client with heart failure is prescribed furosemide. Which electrolyte should the nurse monitor?
A. Sodium
B. Potassium
C. Calcium
D. Magnesium
Correct Answer: B
Rationales:
A, C, D: These are secondary concerns.
B: Furosemide causes potassium loss, risking hypokalemia.
Question 4
A client is prescribed nitroglycerin sublingual for angina. Which instruction is correct?
A. Swallow the tablet
B. Place under the tongue
C. Take with water
D. Use once daily
Correct Answer: B
Rationales:
A, C, D: Incorrect administration methods.
B: Sublingual placement ensures rapid absorption.
Question 5
A client with hypertension is prescribed carvedilol. Which instruction should the nurse provide?
A. Take with grapefruit juice
B. Monitor blood pressure
C. Avoid potassium-rich foods
D. Stop if heart rate is normal
,Correct Answer: B
Rationales:
A, C, D: Incorrect or inappropriate.
B: Carvedilol lowers blood pressure; monitoring is essential.
Question 6
A client with heart failure is prescribed spironolactone. Which electrolyte imbalance is a risk?
A. Hypokalemia
B. Hyperkalemia
C. Hyponatremia
D. Hypocalcemia
Correct Answer: B
Rationales:
A: Spironolactone is potassium-sparing.
B: Increases potassium retention, risking hyperkalemia.
C, D: Less common.
Question 7
A client is prescribed digoxin 0.125 mg daily. Which finding indicates toxicity?
A. Heart rate 80 bpm
B. Nausea and blurred vision
C. Increased appetite
D. Clear lung sounds
Correct Answer: B
Rationales:
A, C, D: Not indicative of toxicity.
B: Nausea and blurred vision are classic toxicity signs.
Question 8
A client with a myocardial infarction is prescribed clopidogrel. Which instruction is appropriate?
A. Take with milk only
B. Report unusual bleeding
C. Stop before surgery without consulting
D. Avoid anti-inflammatory drugs
, Correct Answer: B
Rationales:
A, C, D: Not specific to clopidogrel.
B: Clopidogrel increases bleeding risk.
Question 9
A client with hypertension is prescribed losartan. Which instruction is correct?
A. Take with grapefruit juice
B. Monitor blood pressure
C. Avoid potassium supplements
D. Stop if blood pressure normalizes
Correct Answer: B
Rationales:
A, C, D: Incorrect or inappropriate.
B: Losartan requires blood pressure monitoring.
Question 10
A client receiving heparin IV reports bruising. Which laboratory value should the nurse monitor?
A. aPTT
B. INR
C. Platelet count only
D. Hemoglobin
Correct Answer: A
Rationales:
A: aPTT monitors heparin’s effect (1.5–2.5 times baseline).
B: INR is for warfarin.
C, D: Secondary concerns.
Question 11
A client with angina is prescribed isosorbide mononitrate. Which side effect should the nurse
monitor?
A. Hyperglycemia
B. Headache
250 Verified Questions with Rationalized
Answers | Complete Test Bank | 100%
Pass Guaranteed
Cardiovascular Medications (Questions 1–30)
Question 1
A client with hypertension is prescribed lisinopril. Which side effect should the nurse monitor?
A. Hypoglycemia
B. Dry cough
C. Weight loss
D. Bradycardia
Correct Answer: B
Rationales:
A: Lisinopril does not affect blood glucose.
B: Dry cough is common due to bradykinin accumulation.
C: Weight loss is not typical; weight gain may occur.
D: Bradycardia is associated with beta-blockers.
Question 2
A client with atrial fibrillation has an INR of 5.0 on warfarin. What should the nurse do?
A. Administer the next dose
B. Notify the provider
C. Encourage vitamin K-rich foods
D. Monitor for bleeding only
Correct Answer: B
Rationales:
, A: INR of 5.0 is too high (therapeutic: 2.0–3.0); continuing is unsafe.
B: Provider notification is needed for dose adjustment or vitamin K.
C: Vitamin K-rich foods decrease warfarin’s effect.
D: Monitoring alone is insufficient.
Question 3
A client with heart failure is prescribed furosemide. Which electrolyte should the nurse monitor?
A. Sodium
B. Potassium
C. Calcium
D. Magnesium
Correct Answer: B
Rationales:
A, C, D: These are secondary concerns.
B: Furosemide causes potassium loss, risking hypokalemia.
Question 4
A client is prescribed nitroglycerin sublingual for angina. Which instruction is correct?
A. Swallow the tablet
B. Place under the tongue
C. Take with water
D. Use once daily
Correct Answer: B
Rationales:
A, C, D: Incorrect administration methods.
B: Sublingual placement ensures rapid absorption.
Question 5
A client with hypertension is prescribed carvedilol. Which instruction should the nurse provide?
A. Take with grapefruit juice
B. Monitor blood pressure
C. Avoid potassium-rich foods
D. Stop if heart rate is normal
,Correct Answer: B
Rationales:
A, C, D: Incorrect or inappropriate.
B: Carvedilol lowers blood pressure; monitoring is essential.
Question 6
A client with heart failure is prescribed spironolactone. Which electrolyte imbalance is a risk?
A. Hypokalemia
B. Hyperkalemia
C. Hyponatremia
D. Hypocalcemia
Correct Answer: B
Rationales:
A: Spironolactone is potassium-sparing.
B: Increases potassium retention, risking hyperkalemia.
C, D: Less common.
Question 7
A client is prescribed digoxin 0.125 mg daily. Which finding indicates toxicity?
A. Heart rate 80 bpm
B. Nausea and blurred vision
C. Increased appetite
D. Clear lung sounds
Correct Answer: B
Rationales:
A, C, D: Not indicative of toxicity.
B: Nausea and blurred vision are classic toxicity signs.
Question 8
A client with a myocardial infarction is prescribed clopidogrel. Which instruction is appropriate?
A. Take with milk only
B. Report unusual bleeding
C. Stop before surgery without consulting
D. Avoid anti-inflammatory drugs
, Correct Answer: B
Rationales:
A, C, D: Not specific to clopidogrel.
B: Clopidogrel increases bleeding risk.
Question 9
A client with hypertension is prescribed losartan. Which instruction is correct?
A. Take with grapefruit juice
B. Monitor blood pressure
C. Avoid potassium supplements
D. Stop if blood pressure normalizes
Correct Answer: B
Rationales:
A, C, D: Incorrect or inappropriate.
B: Losartan requires blood pressure monitoring.
Question 10
A client receiving heparin IV reports bruising. Which laboratory value should the nurse monitor?
A. aPTT
B. INR
C. Platelet count only
D. Hemoglobin
Correct Answer: A
Rationales:
A: aPTT monitors heparin’s effect (1.5–2.5 times baseline).
B: INR is for warfarin.
C, D: Secondary concerns.
Question 11
A client with angina is prescribed isosorbide mononitrate. Which side effect should the nurse
monitor?
A. Hyperglycemia
B. Headache
